通过源码理解JDK8的ConcurrentHashMap的get方法、put方法以及扩容过程

时间:2025-03-29 07:54:23
public V put(K key, V value) { return putVal(key, value, false); } final V putVal(K key, V value, boolean onlyIfAbsent) { if (key == null || value == null) throw new NullPointerException(); // 其中 spread 方法会综合高位低位, 具有更好的 hash 性 int hash = spread(key.hashCode()); int binCount = 0; for (Node<K,V>[] tab = table;;) { // f 是链表头节点 // fh 是链表头结点的 hash // i 是链表在 table 中的下标 Node<K,V> f; int n, i, fh; K fk; V fv; // 要创建 table if (tab == null || (n = tab.length) == 0) // 初始化 table 使用了 cas, 无需 synchronized 创建成功, 进入下一轮循环 tab = initTable(); // 要创建链表头节点 else if ((f = tabAt(tab, i = (n - 1) & hash)) == null) { // 添加链表头使用了 cas, 无需 synchronized if (casTabAt(tab, i, null, new Node<K,V>(hash, key, value))) break; // no lock when adding to empty bin } // 帮忙扩容 else if ((fh = f.hash) == MOVED) // 帮忙之后, 进入下一轮循环 tab = helpTransfer(tab, f); else if (onlyIfAbsent // check first node without acquiring lock && fh == hash && ((fk = f.key) == key || (fk != null && key.equals(fk))) && (fv = f.val) != null) return fv; else { V oldVal = null; // 锁住链表头节点 synchronized (f) { // 再次确认链表头节点没有被移动 if (tabAt(tab, i) == f) { // 链表 if (fh >= 0) { binCount = 1; // 遍历链表 for (Node<K,V> e = f;; ++binCount) { K ek; // 找到相同的 key if (e.hash == hash && ((ek = e.key) == key || (ek != null && key.equals(ek)))) { oldVal = e.val; // 更新 if (!onlyIfAbsent) e.val = value; break; } Node<K,V> pred = e; // 已经是最后的节点了, 新增 Node, 追加至链表尾 if ((e = e.next) == null) { pred.next = new Node<K,V>(hash, key, value); break; } } } // 红黑树 else if (f instanceof TreeBin) { Node<K,V> p; binCount = 2; // putTreeVal 会看 key 是否已经在树中, 是, 则返回对应的 TreeNode if ((p = ((TreeBin<K,V>)f).putTreeVal(hash, key, value)) != null) { oldVal = p.val; if (!onlyIfAbsent) p.val = value; } } else if (f instanceof ReservationNode) throw new IllegalStateException("Recursive update"); } // 释放链表头节点的锁 } if (binCount != 0) { if (binCount >= TREEIFY_THRESHOLD) // 如果链表长度 >= 树化阈值(8), 进行链表转为红黑树 treeifyBin(tab, i); if (oldVal != null) return oldVal; break; } } } // 增加 size 计数 addCount(1L, binCount); return null; } private final Node<K,V>[] initTable() { Node<K,V>[] tab; int sc; while ((tab = table) == null || tab.length == 0) { if ((sc = sizeCtl) < 0) Thread.yield(); // lost initialization race; just spin // 尝试将 sizeCtl 设置为 -1(表示初始化 table) else if (U.compareAndSetInt(this, SIZECTL, sc, -1)) { // 获得锁, 创建 table, 这时其它线程会在 while() 循环中 yield 直至 table 创建 try { if ((tab = table) == null || tab.length == 0) { int n = (sc > 0) ? sc : DEFAULT_CAPACITY; @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") Node<K,V>[] nt = (Node<K,V>[])new Node<?,?>[n]; table = tab = nt; sc = n - (n >>> 2); } } finally { sizeCtl = sc; } break; } } return tab; } // check 是之前 binCount 的个数 private final void addCount(long x, int check) { CounterCell[] cs; long b, s; if ( // 已经有了 counterCells, 向 cell 累加 (cs = counterCells) != null || // 还没有, 向 baseCount 累加 !U.compareAndSetLong(this, BASECOUNT, b = baseCount, s = b + x)) { CounterCell c; long v; int m; boolean uncontended = true; if ( // 还没有 counterCells cs == null || (m = cs.length - 1) < 0 || // 还没有 cell (c = cs[ThreadLocalRandom.getProbe() & m]) == null || // cell cas 增加计数失败 !(uncontended = U.compareAndSetLong(c, CELLVALUE, v = c.value, v + x))) { // 创建累加单元数组和cell, 累加重试 fullAddCount(x, uncontended); return; } if (check <= 1) return; // 获取元素个数 s = sumCount(); } if (check >= 0) { Node<K,V>[] tab, nt; int n, sc; while (s >= (long)(sc = sizeCtl) && (tab = table) != null && (n = tab.length) < MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) { int rs = resizeStamp(n) << RESIZE_STAMP_SHIFT; if (sc < 0) { if (sc == rs + MAX_RESIZERS || sc == rs + 1 || (nt = nextTable) == null || transferIndex <= 0) break; // newtable 已经创建了,帮忙扩容 if (U.compareAndSetInt(this, SIZECTL, sc, sc + 1)) transfer(tab, nt); } // 需要扩容,这时 newtable 未创建 else if (U.compareAndSetInt(this, SIZECTL, sc, rs + 2)) transfer(tab, null); s = sumCount(); } } }