详解shell中脚本参数传递的两种或者是三种方式:命令方式和两个脚本之间传递参数的的全局变量方式

时间:2025-03-25 10:47:44

#!/bin/bash

#extracting command text_text_text_line options as parameters

help_info(){

  echo "NAME"

  echo "\t$0"

  echo "SYNOPSIS"

  echo "\t$0 is a shell test about process options"

  echo "DESCRIPTION"

  echo "\toption like -a -b param1 -c param2 -d"

}

if [ $# -lt 0 ]

then

  help_info

fi

nomal_opts_act()

{

  echo -e "\n### nomal_opts_act ###\n"

  while [ -n "$1" ]

  do

  case "$1" in

    -a)

      echo "Found the -a option"

      ;;

    -b)

      echo "Found the -b option"

      echo "The parameter follow -b is $2"

      shift

      ;;

    -c)

      echo "Found the -c option"

      echo "The parameter follow -c is $2"

      shift

      ;;

    -d)

      echo "Found the -d option"

      ;;

     *)

       echo "$1 is not an option"

      ;;

  esac

  shift

  done

}

#用shell命令自建的选项解析,可以按照自己的想法实现

#优点:自己定制,没有做不到,只有想不到

#缺点:麻烦

getopt_act()

{

  echo -e "\n### getopt_act ###\n"

  GETOPTOUT=`getopt ab:c:d "$@"`

  set -- $GETOPTOUT

  while [ -n "$1" ]

  do

  case $1 in

    -a)

      echo "Found the -a option"

      ;;

    -b)

      echo "Found the -b option"

      echo "The parameter follow -b is "$2""

      shift

      ;;

    -c)

      echo "Found the -c option"

      echo "The parameter follow -c is "$2""

      shift

      ;;

    -d)

      echo "Found the -d option"

      ;;

    --)

      shift

      break

      ;;

     *)

       echo "Unknow option: "$1""

      ;;

  esac

  shift

  done

  param_index=1

  for param in "$@"

  do

    echo "Parameter $param_index:$param"

    param_index=$[ $param_index + 1 ]

  done

}

#用getopt命令解析选项和参数

#优点:相对与getopts来说是个半自动解析,自动组织选项和参数,用 -- 符号将选项与参数隔开

#缺点:相对于getopts的缺点

#1.需要与set -- 命令配合,不是必须,需要手动shift

#2.选项参数中不支持空格如 -a -b dog -c "earth moon" -d -f param1 param2 就会解析错误

getopts_act()

{

  echo -e "\n### getopts_act ###\n"

  while getopts :ab:c:d ARGS

  do

  case $ARGS in

    a)

      echo "Found the -a option"

      ;;

    b)

      echo "Found the -b option"

      echo "The parameter follow -b is $OPTARG"

      ;;

    c)

      echo "Found the -c option"

      echo "The parameter follow -c is $OPTARG"

      ;;

    d)

      echo "Found the -d option"

      ;;

     *)

       echo "Unknow option: $ARGS"

      ;;

  esac

  done

  shift $[ $OPTIND -1 ]

  param_index=1

  for param in "$@"

  do

    echo "Parameter $param_index:$param"

    param_index=$[ $param_index + 1 ]

  done

}

#getopts 命令解析选项和参数

#优点:可在参数中包含空格如:-c "earth moon"

#      选项字母和参数值之间可以没有空格如:-bdog

#      可将未定义的选项绑定到?输出

#      Unknow option: ?

nomal_opts_act -a -b dog -c earth -d -f param1 param2

getopts_act -a -b dog -c "earth moon" -d -f param1 param2

getopt_act -a -b dog -c earth -d -f param1 param2