一. 基于ModelSerializer的增删查改
model
from import models
# Create your models here.
class Book():
name = (verbose_name='书名', max_length=32)
price = (verbose_name='价格', decimal_places=2, max_digits=5)
publish = (verbose_name='出版社', to='Publish', on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING)
class Publish():
name = (verbose_name='名称', max_length=32)
url
from import path, re_path
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
path('text_2/', views.Text3View.as_view()),
re_path(r'^text_2/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.Text4View.as_view()),
]
view
from rest_framework import status
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Response
from . import models
from .sealizer import TextModelSerializer
class Text3View(APIView):
def get(self, request):
# 群查
# 1. 获取表模型对象
book_queryset = ()
# 2. 示例化序列化器对象 固定格式如果是序列化多条一定要填一个many=True
text_book = TextModelSerializer(instance=book_queryset, many=True)
book_data = {
"status": 200,
"msg": "ok",
"data": text_book.data,
}
return Response(data=book_data, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
def post(self, request):
# 新增 --除了GET请求的参数，其他的请求携带数据，都是从这里拿
text_book = TextModelSerializer(data=)
book_data = {
"status": 200,
"msg": "ok",
"data": "",
}
if text_book.is_valid():
# 注意如果是serializer的话，必须重写create，不然报错
text_book.save()
book_data['data'] = text_book.data
return Response(data=book_data, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
book_data['status'] = 400
book_data['msg'] = text_book.errors
return Response(data=book_data, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
class Text4View(APIView):
def get(self, request, pk):
# 单查
# 1. 获取表模型对象
book_obj = (pk=pk)
# 2. 示例化序列化器对象 固定格式
text_book = TextModelSerializer(instance=book_obj)
book_data = {
"status": 200,
"msg": "ok",
"data": text_book.data,
}
return Response(data=book_data, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
def patch(self, request, pk):
# 局部修改 --除了GET请求的参数，其他的请求携带数据，都是从这里拿
old_book_obj = (pk=pk)
text_book = TextModelSerializer(instance=old_book_obj, data=)
book_data = {
"status": 200,
"msg": "ok",
"data": "",
}
if text_book.is_valid():
# 注意如果是serializer的话，必须重写update，不然报错
text_book.save()
book_data['data'] = text_book.data
return Response(data=book_data, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
book_data['status'] = 400
book_data['msg'] = text_book.errors
return Response(data=book_data, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
def put(self, request, pk):
# 全局修改 --除了GET请求的参数，其他的请求携带数据，都是从这里拿
old_book_obj = (pk=pk)
text_book = TextModelSerializer(instance=old_book_obj, data=)
book_data = {
"status": 200,
"msg": "ok",
"data": "",
}
if text_book.is_valid():
# 注意如果是serializer的话，必须重写update，不然报错
text_book.save()
book_data['data'] = text_book.data
return Response(data=book_data, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
book_data['status'] = 400
book_data['msg'] = text_book.errors
return Response(data=book_data, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
def delete(self, request, pk):
book_data = {
"status": 200,
"msg": "ok",
"data": "",
}
(pk=pk).delete()
return Response(data=book_data, status=status.HTTP_200_OK)
ModelSerializer
from rest_framework import serializers
from .views import models
class TextModelSerializer():
class Meta:
model = # 对应上中的模型
# fields = '__all__' # 全部字段显示
fields = ['id', 'name', 'price', 'publish'] # 只序列化指定的字段
# exclude=('name',) #跟fields不能都写，写谁，就表示排除谁 ,只能单独使用
extra_kwargs = {
'id': {'read_only': True}, # 只校验序列化，反序列化不校验
'name': {'write_only': True}, # 只校验反序列化，不校验序列化
}
二 write_only/read_only的作用
write/read_only详解/qq_52385631/article/details/122767023?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522164502182416780274164243%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.%255Fblog.%2522%257D&request_id=164502182416780274164243&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~blog~first_rank_ecpm_v1~rank_v31_ecpm&utm_term=write&spm=1018.2226.3001.4450
三. ModelSerializer的高级用法
自定义字段返回类型&序列化器嵌套/qq_52385631/article/details/122767023?ops_request_misc=%257B%2522request%255Fid%2522%253A%2522164502182416780274164243%2522%252C%2522scm%2522%253A%252220140713.%255Fblog.%2522%257D&request_id=164502182416780274164243&biz_id=0&utm_medium=distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-blog-2~blog~first_rank_ecpm_v1~rank_v31_ecpm&utm_term=write&spm=1018.2226.3001.4450
四. many=True源码分析
a. 传many=True，跟不传many=True，实例化的序列化器对象都不一样
b. 通过__new__控制的
# 序列化多条，需要传many=True
book_ser=BookModelSerializer(books,many=True)
book_one_ser=BookModelSerializer(book)
print(type(book_ser))
#<class 'rest_framework.'>
print(type(book_one_ser))
#<class ''>
# 对象的生成--》先调用类的__new__方法，生成空对象
# 对象=类名(name=lqz)，触发类的__init__()
# 类的__new__方法控制对象的生成
def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
if ('many', False):
return cls.many_init(*args, **kwargs)
# 没有传many=True,走下面，正常的对象实例化
return super().__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs)五. context 参数
a. 作用：
视图与序列化器参数互传，很多人都传request，实际上视图跟序列化器上,都封装了request
b. 视图中封装的request,
(在GenericAPIView---get_serializer---get_serializer_context)
def get_serializer(self, *args, **kwargs):
serializer_class = self.get_serializer_class()
('context', self.get_serializer_context())
return serializer_class(*args, **kwargs)
def get_serializer_context(self):
return {
'request': ,
'format': self.format_kwarg,
'view': self
}序列化器取request &视图取request
# 序列化器
request = ['request']
# 视图
request = c. 视图甚至可以重写GenericAPIView的get_queryset来获取request
def get_queryset(self):
queryset =
if isinstance(queryset, QuerySet):
queryset = ()
return queryset重写示例
class OrderDataView(ListAPIView):
"""查询属于与自己的订单"""
permission_classes = [IsAuthenticated, ]
serializer_class = OrderDataModelSerializer
def get_queryset(self):
queryset = (user=, is_deleted=False)
return querysetd. 视图放/取值《---》序列化放取值
视图放
serializer = XXXSerializer(XXX, context={'id': id})
序列化器取
request = ('id')
序列化器放
['id'] =
视图取
serializer_obj.('id'),
user_dic = {
'id': serializer_obj.('id'),
'username': serializer_obj.('username'),
'token': serializer_obj.('token'),
}