Ubuntu 是一个广泛使用的开源操作系统，有许多国内镜像源可供选择。主要有：清华大学开源软件镜像站、中科大镜像站、阿里云镜像站等，这些镜像站都提供 Ubuntu 软件仓库的镜像，用于加速 ubuntu 各软件的安装、更新等操作。执行软件仓库更新前，建议执行 mv /etc/apt/ /etc/apt/备份默认软件仓库。
阿里云
阿里云 官方镜像站：/mirror/
阿里云 各版本 Ubuntu 系统镜像 下载地址：/ubuntu-releases/
ubuntu 24.04 (noble)
apt 软件源仓库
cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb https:///ubuntu/ noble main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ noble main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ noble-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ noble-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ noble-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ noble-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb https:///ubuntu/ noble-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ noble-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ noble-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ noble-backports main restricted universe multiverse
EOF
ubuntu 22.04 (jammy)
apt 软件源仓库
cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb http:///ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http:///ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http:///ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http:///ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http:///ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http:///ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http:///ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http:///ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http:///ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http:///ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
EOF
ubuntu 20.04 (focal)
apt 软件源仓库
cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb https:///ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
EOF
ubuntu 18.04 (bionic)
apt 软件源仓库
cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
deb https:///ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
EOF
清华大学
清华大学 开源软件镜像站：/
清华大学 各版本 Ubuntu 系统镜像 下载地址：/ubuntu-releases/
因镜像站同步有延迟，可能会导致生产环境系统不能及时检查、安装上最新的安全更新，不建议替换 security 源
ubuntu 24.04 (noble)
apt 软件源仓库
cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https:///ubuntu/ noble main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ noble main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ noble-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ noble-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ noble-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ noble-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# 以下安全更新软件源包含了官方源与镜像站配置，如有需要可自行修改注释切换
deb http:///ubuntu/ noble-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http:///ubuntu/ noble-security main restricted universe multiverse
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https:///ubuntu/ noble-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# # deb-src https:///ubuntu/ noble-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
EOF
ubuntu 22.04 (jammy)
apt 软件源仓库
cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
# 可注释源码镜像（deb-src 设置）以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https:///ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb https:///ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# 使用 ubuntu 官方软件源更新
deb http:///ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http:///ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https:///ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
EOF
ubuntu 20.04 (focal)
apt 软件源仓库
cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
# 可注释源码镜像（deb-src 设置）以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https:///ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb https:///ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# 使用 ubuntu 官方软件源更新
deb http:///ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http:///ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https:///ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
EOF
ubuntu 18.04 (bionic)
apt 软件源仓库
cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
# 可注释源码镜像（deb-src 设置）以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https:///ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https:///ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb https:///ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# 使用 ubuntu 官方软件源更新
deb http:///ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http:///ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https:///ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
EOF
中国科学技术大学
中国科学技术大学 开源软件镜像：/
清华大学 各版本 Ubuntu 系统镜像 下载地址：/ubuntu-releases/
因镜像站同步有延迟，可能会导致生产环境系统不能及时检查、安装上最新的安全更新，不建议替换 security 源。 如果有官方源下载速度不理想等问题，想通过镜像站下载安全更新， 可以将 security 源地址从 / 替换为 /，即 sudo sed -i ‘s///g’ /etc/apt/
ubuntu 24.04 (noble)
apt 软件源仓库
cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
# 默认注释了源码仓库，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https:///ubuntu/ noble main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ noble main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ noble-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ noble-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ noble-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ noble-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ noble-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ noble-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https:///ubuntu/ noble-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ noble-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
EOF
ubuntu 22.04 (jammy)
apt 软件源仓库
cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
# 默认注释了源码仓库，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https:///ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https:///ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
EOF
ubuntu 20.04 (focal)
apt 软件源仓库
cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
# 默认注释了源码仓库，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https:///ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https:///ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
EOF
ubuntu 18.04 (bionic)
apt 软件源仓库
cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOF
# 默认注释了源码仓库，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https:///ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https:///ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https:///ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https:///ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
EOF
Ubuntu 各版本主要变化及新特性
Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver)
- 发布时间：2018 年 4 月。
- 支持结束时间：标准支持已于 2023 年 4 月结束。
- 特点：作为长期支持版本，Ubuntu 18.04 LTS 提供了 5 年的安全更新和维护支持。
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa)
- 发布时间：2020 年 4 月。
- 标准支持结束时间：2025 年 4 月。
- Ubuntu Pro 支持结束时间：2030 年 4 月。
-
重要更新：
- 安全补丁和更新：持续至 2025 年。
- 桌面环境：引入了 GNOME 3.36 桌面环境。
- 内核：Linux Kernel 5.4 LTS。
- 性能和稳定性：整体性能和稳定性的提升。
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish)
- 发布时间：2022 年 4 月。
- 标准支持结束时间：2027 年 4 月。
- Ubuntu Pro 支持结束时间：2032 年 4 月。
-
重要更新：
- Linux Kernel：Linux Kernel 5.15。
- GNOME 桌面环境：GNOME 42。
- 性能提升：通过新的触控板手势和电源管理工具以及对三重缓冲的支持，显着地提高性能。
- 默认为 Wayland：与 Ubuntu 20.04 相比，默认为 Wayland。
- 开发和数据科学工具：附带了用于 Python、Rust、Ruby、Go、PHP 和 Perl 的最新工具链。
- 游戏和内容创作：包括最新的 NVIDIA 驱动程序，支持主要游戏应用程序。
Ubuntu 24.04 LTS (Noble Numbat)
- 发布时间：2024 年 4 月。
- 标准支持结束时间：2029 年 4 月。
- Ubuntu Pro 支持结束时间：2034 年 4 月。
-
重要更新：
- 内核：Linux Kernel 6.8。
- GNOME 44 桌面环境：支持 Wayland 显示协议，提升了图形渲染性能。
- 内核升级：系统整体运行速度和响应能力得到显著提升。
- 安全修复：内置了更加智能的安全防护机制，包括自动更新、防火墙、恶意软件检测等功能。
文章参考来源： /os/2024/ubuntu-apt-src-list/
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