Android：通知：Not allowed to start service Intent / Bad notification for startForeground

时间：2025-02-08 13:43:00

报错一

java.lang.RuntimeException:
Unable to start receiver 包名.MainReceiver: 
java.lang.IllegalStateException: 
Not allowed to start service Intent { cmp=包名/.MainService }: 
app is in background uid UidRecord{90638 u0a10 RCVR idle change:

Android o需要适配服务

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
    context.startForegroundService(mIntent);
} else {
    context.startService(mIntent);
}

报错二

android.app.RemoteServiceException: 
Bad notification for startForeground: 
java.lang.RuntimeException: 
invalid channel for service notification: 
Notification(channel=null pri=0 
contentView=null vibrate=null sound=null 
defaults=0x0 flags=0x40 color=0x00000000 
vis=PRIVATE semFlags=0x0 semPriority=0 semMissedCount=0)

Android o需要适配通知channel

参考：

在Android 8.0中使用Notification中发生 Bad notification for startForeground错误

一、android8.0 添加了前台所需要的权限

添加权限如下：

<uses-permission android:name=".FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />

二、启动服务方式适配 ：

Intent mIntent = new Intent(context,MainService.class);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
    context.startForegroundService(mIntent);
} else {
    context.startService(mIntent);
}

三、startForeground启动通知

//service的onCreate调用
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
    super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);

    String CHANNEL_ID = "CHANNEL_ID";
    String CHANNEL_NAME = "CHANNEL_ID";
    NotificationChannel notificationChannel;
    //进行8.0的判断
    if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
        notificationChannel = new NotificationChannel(
                CHANNEL_ID,
                CHANNEL_NAME,
                NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH
        );
        notificationChannel.enableLights(true);
        notificationChannel.setLightColor(Color.RED);
        notificationChannel.setShowBadge(true);
        notificationChannel.setLockscreenVisibility(Notification.VISIBILITY_PUBLIC);
        NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
        manager.createNotificationChannel(notificationChannel);
    }

    intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, Uri.parse("/p/14ba95c6c3e2"));
    PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, intent, 0);

    Notification notification = null;
    if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
        notification = new Notification.Builder(this, CHANNEL_ID)
                .setTicker("Nature")
                .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
                .setContentTitle("这是一个测试标题")
                .setContentIntent(pendingIntent)
                .setContentText("这是一个测试内容")
                .build();
    }
    notification.flags |= Notification.FLAG_NO_CLEAR;
    //在service里再调用startForeground方法，不然就会出现ANR
    startForeground(1, notification);


    Log.e(TAG, "onStartCommand");

    return Service.START_STICKY;
}

简化：

只通知栏显示

//service的onCreate调用
private void notification() {
    Notification notification = null;
    if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
        NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(
                CHANNEL_ID,
                CHANNEL_NAME,
                NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_LOW
        );
        NotificationManager manager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
        manager.createNotificationChannel(channel);

        notification = new Notification.Builder(this, CHANNEL_ID).build();
    }
    //在service里再调用startForeground方法，不然就会出现ANR
    startForeground(1, notification);
}

报错 no icon :

ActivityManager: 
Attempted to start a foreground service (com.xxx.xxxx/.widget.WidgetService) with a broken notification (no icon:

经过查找源码：

  • SDK_INT< 18, postNotification()没有判断;
  • 18 =< SDK_INT < 23, postNotification()中if ( == 0);
  • 23 =< SDK_INT， postNotification()中if (() == null);

小于APi 18，传一个new Notification()是不会显示通知的。
大于等于18就不行了，但是可能通过在启动一个service，然后startForeground一个相同的id, 然后立刻stopForeground(true)，可以将其消失（注意：这其实是google的bug）。
实测android 6.0生效。
但是在7.1.2上，这种方法已经失效了，所以，这些版本无法解决。
1.更好的方法是startForeground一个真实有效的notification过去。
只要传的id相同，不管是不是一个进程，不管是不是同一个notification,。
都会用最新的notification覆盖旧的，只显示一个。

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