调用webservice服务方式总结

时间：2025-02-07 10:59:12

        本人日常工作中经常与不同软件厂商进行接口对接，不同的厂商接口调用方式五花八门，但主要分为两大阵营：http和webservice。本文以Java为例，总结调用webservice服务的几种方式。

        一、利用命令或工具将WebService提供的wsdl文件生成对应的java类，这样就可以像调用本地类一样调用webService提供的接口。这种方法的优点是调用简单，无需自己编写太多的东西。缺点同样很明显，生成的代码过于庞大，不便于阅读，显得很累赘。

        二、AXIS远程调用，代码如下：

import ;
import ;
import ;

import ;

public class WebServiceTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //服务地址
        String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/service-test/services/gateway?wsdl";
        //命名空间
        String namespaceURI = "/";
        //方法名
        String method = "invoke";
        try {
            Service service = new Service();
            Call call = (Call) ();
            (url);
            //设置要调用的方法
            (new QName(namespaceURI, method));
            //设置要返回的数据类型
            (new QName(namespaceURI, method), );
            (true);
            (namespaceURI + method);
            //设置入参
            (new QName(namespaceURI, "consumer"), Constants.XSD_STRING, );
            (new QName(namespaceURI, "serviceName"), Constants.XSD_STRING, );
            (new QName(namespaceURI, "params"), Constants.XSD_STRING, );

            //调用方法并传递参数
            String resultStr = (String) (new Object[]{"test", "queryOrder", "{\"tradeno\":\"1648100061001\",\"mchid\":\"10001\"}"});
            ("服务调用结果：" + resultStr);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            ();
        }
    }
}

 对应jar包的maven依赖：

        <dependency>
			<groupId></groupId>
			<artifactId>axis</artifactId>
			<version>1.4</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId></groupId>
			<artifactId>axis-jaxrpc</artifactId>
			<version>1.4</version>
		</dependency>

        该种方式调用简单，一般不需要自己组织请求报文和解析返回报文 。

        三、通过HttpURLConnection进行调用，代码如下：

import ;
import ;
import ;
import ;
import ;
import ;

public class WebServiceTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //服务地址
        String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/service-test/services/gateway?wsdl";
        //第一步：创建服务地址
        URL httpUrl = new URL(url);
        //第二步：打开一个通向服务地址的连接
        HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) ();
        //第三步：设置参数
        //3.1发送方式设置：POST必须大写
        ("POST");
        //3.2设置数据格式：content-type，这个根据实际情况来确定
        ("content-type", "application/atom+xml;charset=utf-8");
        //3.3设置输入输出，因为默认新创建的connection没有读写权限，
        (true);
        (true);

        //第四步：组织SOAP数据，发送请求
        String soapXML = getXML("test", "queryOrder", "{\"tradeno\":\"1648100061003\",\"mchid\":\"10001\"}");
        //将信息以流的方式发送出去
        OutputStream os = ();
        (());
        //第五步：接收服务端响应，打印
        InputStream is = ();
        InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        String temp = null;
        while(null != (temp = ())){
            (temp);
        }
        ("服务调用结果：" + ());
        ();
        ();
        ();
    }

    /**
     * @Author admin
     * @Description 组装xml报文
     * @Date 15:47 2022/5/1
     * @Param [consumer, serviceName, para]
     * @return 
     **/
    public static String getXML(String consumer, String serviceName, String paraStr){
        String soapXML = "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=\"/soap/envelope/\" xmlns:dar=\"/\">\n" +
                "   <soapenv:Header/>\n" +
                "   <soapenv:Body>\n" +
                "      <dar:invoke>\n" +
                "         <!--Optional:-->\n" +
                "         <dar:consumerId>" + consumer + "</dar:consumerId>\n" +
                "         <!--Optional:-->\n" +
                "         <dar:serviceName>" + serviceName + "</dar:serviceName>\n" +
                "         <!--Optional:-->\n" +
                "         <dar:params>" + paraStr + "</dar:params>\n" +
                "      </dar:invoke>\n" +
                "   </soapenv:Body>\n" +
                "</soapenv:Envelope>";
        return soapXML;
    }
}

        该种方式一般需要自己组织请求的xml报文，自己解析返回的xml报文。

        四、通过HttpClient进行调用，代码如下：

import ;
import ;
import ;
import ;

import ;
import ;

public class WebServiceTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //服务地址
        String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/service-test/services/gateway?wsdl";
        HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
        PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(url);

        String soap = getXML("test", "queryOrder", "{\"tradeno\":\"1648100061003\",\"mchid\":\"10001\"}");

        try {
            byte[] b = ("utf-8");
            InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(b, 0, );
            RequestEntity re = new InputStreamRequestEntity(is, ,
                    "application/atom;charset=utf-8");
            (re);
            (postMethod);
            String soapResponseData = ();
            ("服务调用结果：" + soapResponseData);
            ();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            ();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @Author admin
     * @Description 组装xml报文
     * @Date 15:47 2022/5/1
     * @Param [consumer, serviceName, para]
     * @return 
     **/
    public static String getXML(String consumer, String serviceName, String paraStr){
        String soapXML = "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=\"/soap/envelope/\" xmlns:dar=\"/\">\n" +
                "   <soapenv:Header/>\n" +
                "   <soapenv:Body>\n" +
                "      <dar:invoke>\n" +
                "         <!--Optional:-->\n" +
                "         <dar:consumerId>" + consumer + "</dar:consumerId>\n" +
                "         <!--Optional:-->\n" +
                "         <dar:serviceName>" + serviceName + "</dar:serviceName>\n" +
                "         <!--Optional:-->\n" +
                "         <dar:params>" + paraStr + "</dar:params>\n" +
                "      </dar:invoke>\n" +
                "   </soapenv:Body>\n" +
                "</soapenv:Envelope>";
        return soapXML;
    }
}

        该方式的特点同方式三。

        五、通过CloseableHttpClient进行调用，代码如下：

import ;
import ;
import ;
import ;
import ;
import ;
import ;
import ;
import ;

import ;

public class WebServiceTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        //服务地址
        String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/service-test/services/gateway?wsdl";
        int timeout = 180000;
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = ();
        RequestConfig defaultRequestConfig = ().setConnectTimeout(timeout).setConnectionRequestTimeout(timeout).setSocketTimeout(timeout).build();
        HttpPost httpPost = null;
        CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
        HttpEntity resEntity = null;

        try {
            httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
            (defaultRequestConfig);
            String xmlStr = getXML("test", "queryOrder", "{\"tradeno\":\"1648100061003\",\"mchid\":\"10001\"}");
            (new StringEntity(xmlStr, Consts.UTF_8));
            response = (httpPost);
            resEntity = ();
            String resStr = (resEntity, Consts.UTF_8);
            (resEntity);
            ("服务调用结果：" + resStr);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            ();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (response != null) {
                    ();
                }
            } catch (IOException var21) {
                ();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @Author admin
     * @Description 组装xml报文
     * @Date 15:47 2022/5/1
     * @Param [consumer, serviceName, para]
     * @return 
     **/
    public static String getXML(String consumer, String serviceName, String paraStr){
        String soapXML = "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv=\"/soap/envelope/\" xmlns:dar=\"/\">\n" +
                "   <soapenv:Header/>\n" +
                "   <soapenv:Body>\n" +
                "      <dar:invoke>\n" +
                "         <!--Optional:-->\n" +
                "         <dar:consumerId>" + consumer + "</dar:consumerId>\n" +
                "         <!--Optional:-->\n" +
                "         <dar:serviceName>" + serviceName + "</dar:serviceName>\n" +
                "         <!--Optional:-->\n" +
                "         <dar:params>" + paraStr + "</dar:params>\n" +
                "      </dar:invoke>\n" +
                "   </soapenv:Body>\n" +
                "</soapenv:Envelope>";
        return soapXML;
    }
}

        该方式的特点同方式三。 

        六、使用XFire调用，代码如下：

import ;
import ;

public class WebServiceTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            //服务地址
            String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/service-test/services/gateway?wsdl";
            //方法名
            String method = "invoke";
            Client client = new Client(new URL(url));
            Object[] result = (method, new Object[]{"test", "queryOrder", "{\"tradeno\":\"1648100061003\",\"mchid\":\"10001\"}"});
            ("服务调用结果：" + result[0]);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            ();
        }
    }
}

        需要xfire-all-1.2.包，maven依赖如下：

        <dependency>
			<groupId></groupId>
			<artifactId>xfire-all</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.6</version>
		</dependency>

        该方式比较古老了，本文只做介绍，后面都用新版本CXF了。值得一提的是，在测试该方式的时候报了一个错误，如下：

Exception in thread "main" : ()Lorg/apache/ws/commons/schema/XmlSchemaObjectCollection;
	at .(:662)
	at .(:582)
	at .(:392)
	at .(:195)
	at (:264)
	at .<init>(:236)
	at .<init>(:246)

        方法不存在，原因其实是包冲突，xfire所依赖的低版本的XmlSchema-1.与cxf所依赖的高版本的xmlschema-core-2.2.冲突，删掉高版本的就解决了。

        七、通过CXF调用，代码如下：

import ;
import ;

public class WebServiceTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //服务地址
        String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/service-test/services/gateway?wsdl";
        //方法名
        String method = "invoke";
        try {
            DynamicClientFactory factory = ();
            Client client = (url);
            Object[] resultObject = (method, new Object[]{"test", "queryOrder", "{\"tradeno\":\"1648100061003\",\"mchid\":\"10001\"}"});
            String resultStr = resultObject[0].toString();  //接口调用结果
            ("服务调用结果：" + resultStr);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            ();
        }
    }
}

         该种方式一般不需要自己组织请求报文和解析返回报文，比较简单。

        总结，以上七种方式各有特点，推荐使用AXIS方式或CXF方式或者HTTP方式中的其中一种。

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