public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(
"");
Animal animal = (Animal) ("animal");
();
}
这段代码你一定很熟悉吧,不过还是让我们分析一下它吧,首先是
- <bean id="animal" class="">
- <property name="name" value="kitty" />
- </bean>
<bean class="">
<property name="name" value="kitty" />
</bean>
他有一个类
- public class Cat implements Animal {
- private String name;
- public void say() {
- ("I am " + name + "!");
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- }
public class Cat implements Animal {
private String name;
public void say() {
("I am " + name + "!");
}
public void setName(String name) {
= name;
}
}
实现了接口
- public interface Animal {
- public void say();
- }
public interface Animal {
public void say();
}
很明显上面的代码输出I am kitty!
那么到底Spring是如何做到的呢?
接下来就让我们自己写个Spring 来看看Spring 到底是怎么运行的吧!
首先,我们定义一个Bean类,这个类用来存放一个Bean拥有的属性
- /* Bean Id */
- private String id;
- /* Bean Class */
- private String type;
- /* Bean Property */
- private Map<String, Object> properties = new HashMap<String, Object>();
/* Bean Id */
private String id;
/* Bean Class */
private String type;
/* Bean Property */
private Map<String, Object> properties = new HashMap<String, Object>();
一个Bean包括id,type,和Properties。
接下来Spring 就开始加载我们的配置文件了,将我们配置的信息保存在一个HashMap中,HashMap的key就是Bean 的 Id ,HasMap 的value是这个Bean,只有这样我们才能通过("animal")这个方法获得Animal这个类。我们都知道Spirng可以注入基本类型,而且可以注入像List,Map这样的类型,接下来就让我们以Map为例看看Spring是怎么保存的吧
Map配置可以像下面的
- <bean id="test" class="Test">
- <property name="testMap">
- <map>
- <entry key="a">
- <value>1</value>
- </entry>
- <entry key="b">
- <value>2</value>
- </entry>
- </map>
- </property>
- </bean>
<bean class="Test">
<property name="testMap">
<map>
<entry key="a">
<value>1</value>
</entry>
<entry key="b">
<value>2</value>
</entry>
</map>
</property>
</bean>
Spring是怎样保存上面的配置呢?,代码如下:
- if (("map") != null) {
- Map<String, Object> propertiesMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
- Element propertiesListMap = (Element) beanProperty
- .elements().get(0);
- Iterator<?> propertiesIterator = propertiesListMap
- .elements().iterator();
- while (()) {
- Element vet = (Element) ();
- if (().equals("entry")) {
- String key = ("key");
- Iterator<?> valuesIterator = ()
- .iterator();
- while (()) {
- Element value = (Element) ();
- if (().equals("value")) {
- (key, ());
- }
- if (().equals("ref")) {
- (key, new String[] { value
- .attributeValue("bean") });
- }
- }
- }
- }
- ().put(name, propertiesMap);
- }
if (("map") != null) {
Map<String, Object> propertiesMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
Element propertiesListMap = (Element) beanProperty
.elements().get(0);
Iterator<?> propertiesIterator = propertiesListMap
.elements().iterator();
while (()) {
Element vet = (Element) ();
if (().equals("entry")) {
String key = ("key");
Iterator<?> valuesIterator = ()
.iterator();
while (()) {
Element value = (Element) ();
if (().equals("value")) {
(key, ());
}
if (().equals("ref")) {
(key, new String[] { value
.attributeValue("bean") });
}
}
}
}
().put(name, propertiesMap);
}
接下来就进入最核心部分了,让我们看看Spring 到底是怎么依赖注入的吧,其实依赖注入的思想也很简单,它是通过反射机制实现的,在实例化一个类时,它通过反射调用类中set方法将事先保存在HashMap中的类属性注入到类中。让我们看看具体它是怎么做的吧。
首先实例化一个类,像这样
- public static Object newInstance(String className) {
- Class<?> cls = null;
- Object obj = null;
- try {
- cls = (className);
- obj = ();
- } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
- throw new RuntimeException(e);
- } catch (InstantiationException e) {
- throw new RuntimeException(e);
- } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
- throw new RuntimeException(e);
- }
- return obj;
- }
public static Object newInstance(String className) {
Class<?> cls = null;
Object obj = null;
try {
cls = (className);
obj = ();
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (InstantiationException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
return obj;
}
接着它将这个类的依赖注入进去,像这样
- public static void setProperty(Object obj, String name, String value) {
- Class<? extends Object> clazz = ();
- try {
- String methodName = returnSetMthodName(name);
- Method[] ms = ();
- for (Method m : ms) {
- if (().equals(methodName)) {
- if (().length == 1) {
- Class<?> clazzParameterType = ()[0];
- setFieldValue((), value, m,
- obj);
- break;
- }
- }
- }
- } catch (SecurityException e) {
- throw new RuntimeException(e);
- } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
- throw new RuntimeException(e);
- } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
- throw new RuntimeException(e);
- } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
- throw new RuntimeException(e);
- }
- }
public static void setProperty(Object obj, String name, String value) {
Class<? extends Object> clazz = ();
try {
String methodName = returnSetMthodName(name);
Method[] ms = ();
for (Method m : ms) {
if (().equals(methodName)) {
if (().length == 1) {
Class<?> clazzParameterType = ()[0];
setFieldValue((), value, m,
obj);
break;
}
}
}
} catch (SecurityException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
最后它将这个类的实例返回给我们,我们就可以用了。我们还是以Map为例看看它是怎么做的,我写的代码里面是创建一个HashMap并把该HashMap注入到需要注入的类中,像这样,
- if (value instanceof Map) {
- Iterator<?> entryIterator = ((Map<?, ?>) value).entrySet()
- .iterator();
- Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
- while (()) {
- Entry<?, ?> entryMap = (Entry<?, ?>) ();
- if (() instanceof String[]) {
- ((String) (),
- getBean(((String[]) ())[0]));
- }
- }
- (obj, property, map);
- }
if (value instanceof Map) {
Iterator<?> entryIterator = ((Map<?, ?>) value).entrySet()
.iterator();
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
while (()) {
Entry<?, ?> entryMap = (Entry<?, ?>) ();
if (() instanceof String[]) {
((String) (),
getBean(((String[]) ())[0]));
}
}
(obj, property, map);
}
好了,这样我们就可以用Spring 给我们创建的类了,是不是也不是很难啊?当然Spring能做到的远不止这些,这个示例程序仅仅提供了Spring最核心的依赖注入功能中的一部分。
本文参考了大量文章无法一一感谢,在这一起感谢,如果侵犯了你的版权深表歉意,很希望对大家有帮助!