Apache配置ssl证书-实现https访问

时间：2025-01-31 13:22:50

一、准备工作

1.1 安装Apache服务器

#下载安装apache
yum install httpd -y

#启动apache服务
systemctl start httpd
systemctl enable httpd

#查看服务状态
netstat -lntp  |grep http

1.2 Apache服务器上已经开启了443端口

443为HTTPS服务的默认端口

1.3 Apache服务器上已安装了mod_ssl.so模块

启用SSL功能,安装mod_ssl.so模块

yum install -y mod_ssl

1.4 获取SSL证书

二、配置apache

2.1 配置apache文件

vhost的域名配置文件.conf，在目录：/etc/httpd/
  • HTTP配置：
Listen 80

# 指定域名
ServerName 

# 指定文档根目录
DocumentRoot /var/www/html

# 是否启用访问日志
CustomLog /var/log/httpd/ combined

# 指定错误日志路径
ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/

# 配置虚拟主机
<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin admin@
    DocumentRoot /var/www/html/project
    
    # 访问权限
    <Directory /var/www/html/project>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
        AllowOverride All
        Order allow,deny
        allow from all
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

    # 使用PHP解析器处理.php文件
    <FilesMatch \.php$>
        SetHandler "proxy:unix:/run/php-fpm/|fcgi://localhost/"
    </FilesMatch>

    # 定义PHP脚本的目录索引
    DirectoryIndex  
    
    # 自定义错误页面
    ErrorDocument 404 /error_404.html
    
    # 设置HTTP头信息
    Header set X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff"
    Header set X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block"
</VirtualHost>
  • HTTPS配置：
<VirtualHost *:443> DocumentRoot /var/www/html/project ServerName  ServerAlias  SSLEngine on SSLCertificateFile          /etc/letsencrypt/live// SSLCertificateKeyFile   /etc/letsencrypt/live/// SSLCertificateChainFile     /etc/letsencrypt/live///

 # 访问权限
    <Directory /var/www/html/project>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
        AllowOverride All
        Order allow,deny
        allow from all
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

    # 使用PHP解析器处理.php文件
    <FilesMatch \.php$>
        SetHandler "proxy:unix:/run/php-fpm/|fcgi://localhost/"
    </FilesMatch>

    # 定义PHP脚本的目录索引
    DirectoryIndex  

    # 自定义错误页面
    ErrorDocument 404 /error_404.html

    # 设置HTTP头信息
    Header set X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff"
    Header set X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block" </VirtualHost>
  • HTTP & HTTPS 配置
Listen 80

# 指定域名
ServerName 

# 指定文档根目录
DocumentRoot /var/www/html

# 是否启用访问日志
CustomLog /var/log/httpd/ combined

# 指定错误日志路径
ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/

# 配置虚拟主机
<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin admin@
    DocumentRoot /var/www/html/project
    
    # 访问权限
    <Directory /var/www/html/project>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
        AllowOverride All
        Order allow,deny
        allow from all
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

    # 使用PHP解析器处理.php文件
    <FilesMatch \.php$>
        SetHandler "proxy:unix:/run/php-fpm/|fcgi://localhost/"
    </FilesMatch>

    # 定义PHP脚本的目录索引
    DirectoryIndex  
    
    # 自定义错误页面
    ErrorDocument 404 /error_404.html
    
    # 设置HTTP头信息
    Header set X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff"
    Header set X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block"

</VirtualHost>



<VirtualHost *:443>
DocumentRoot /var/www/html/project
ServerName 
ServerAlias 
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile          /etc/letsencrypt/live//
SSLCertificateKeyFile       /etc/letsencrypt/live///
SSLCertificateChainFile     /etc/letsencrypt/live///

 # 访问权限
    <Directory /var/www/html/project>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
        AllowOverride All
        Order allow,deny
        allow from all
        Require all granted
    </Directory>

    # 使用PHP解析器处理.php文件
    <FilesMatch \.php$>
        SetHandler "proxy:unix:/run/php-fpm/|fcgi://localhost/"
    </FilesMatch>

    # 定义PHP脚本的目录索引
    DirectoryIndex  

    # 自定义错误页面
    ErrorDocument 404 /error_404.html

    # 设置HTTP头信息
    Header set X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff"
    Header set X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block"
</VirtualHost>
  • Apache 配置Https多个端口号映射
// 通过下方简单配置
<VirtualHost *:443>

	<Location /b8082>  //这个可以自定义名称
    ProxyPass http://127.0.0.1:8081  
    ProxyPassReverse http://127.0.0.1:8081
    </Location>
    
    <Location /b8081>    
    ProxyPass http://127.0.0.1:8082  
    ProxyPassReverse http://127.0.0.1:8082
    </Location>

    <Location /b8081/a>    
    ProxyPass http://127.0.0.1:8083  
    ProxyPassReverse http://127.0.0.1:8083
    </Location>
    
</VirtualHost>

2.2 生效配置文件

  • 查看配置文件是否正常
# apachectl -t
Syntax OK
  • 重启apache配置
systemctl restart httpd

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