Android应用安装与自升级

时间：2025-01-27 15:17:15

0、准备

想要安装应用就需要读取APK文件，因此就需要有文件读取的权限。

<uses-permission android:name=".READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

关于APK的位置，可以自定义路径，如”根目录/Download/”下

1、系统安装

系统升级流程也就是通过系统的应用安装工具安装下载好的新应用。

在安装前要动态申请允许安装未知来源应用的权限。

<uses-permission android:name=".REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES"/>

在代码中跳转到系统授权页面，手动打开安装未知应用的开关。

Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_UNKNOWN_APP_SOURCES);
(intent, 2021);

用户授权后，开启安装的流程, 就是将应用的包名和文件路径传递给Android的安装管理器：

Intent install = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
File file= new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator + "Download" + File.separator + "");
Uri apkUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(context, "", file);//在AndroidManifest中的android:authorities值
install.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
context.grantUriPermission(context.getPackageName(), apkUri, Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION);
install.setDataAndType(apkUri, "application/-archive");
context.startActivity(install);

之后就会弹出弹窗，点击安装即可。

2、静默安装

静默安装不需要用户授权安装未知应用，也不需要用户手动点击同意安装，可以在后台静悄悄的安装好应用。

需要权限：

<uses-permission android:name=".INSTALL_PACKAGES"/>

此权限需要拥有系统签名或者是系统App才能使用。

public static final String PACKAGE_INSTALLED_ACTION =
        ".SESSION_API_PACKAGE_INSTALLED";
PackageInstaller.SessionCallback callback = new PackageInstaller.SessionCallback() {
    @Override
    public void onCreated(int sessionId) {
        Log.e(TAG, "Install Start sessionId-> " + sessionId);
    }

    @Override
    public void onBadgingChanged(int sessionId) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onActiveChanged(int sessionId, boolean active) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onProgressChanged(int sessionId, float progress) {

    }

    @Override
    public void onFinished(int sessionId, boolean success) {
        if (success) {
            Log.e(TAG, "Silent Install Success");
        } else {
            Log.e(TAG, "Silent Install Fail");
        }
    }
};

private void installApk() {
PackageInstaller.Session session = null;
try {
PackageInstaller packageInstaller = getPackageManager().getPackageInstaller();
packageInstaller.registerSessionCallback(callback);
PackageInstaller.SessionParams params = new PackageInstaller.SessionParams(
PackageInstaller.SessionParams.MODE_FULL_INSTALL);
int sessionId = packageInstaller.createSession(params);
session = packageInstaller.openSession(sessionId);

addApkToInstallSession("", session);

// Create an install status receiver.
 Context context = UpdateActivity.this;
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(PACKAGE_INSTALLED_ACTION);

//此处也可以使用getService回调通知
 PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, intent, 0);
IntentSender statusReceiver = pendingIntent.getIntentSender();

// Commit the session (this will start the installation workflow).
 session.commit(statusReceiver);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Couldn't install package", e);
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
if (session != null) {
session.abandon();
}
throw e;
}
}

private void addApkToInstallSession(String assetName, PackageInstaller.Session session)
throws IOException {
// It's recommended to pass the file size to openWrite(). Otherwise installation may fail
 // if the disk is almost full.
 try (OutputStream packageInSession = session.openWrite("package", 0, -1);
InputStream is = getAssets().open(assetName)) {
byte[] buffer = new byte[16384];
int n;
while ((n = is.read(buffer)) >= 0) {
packageInSession.write(buffer, 0, n);
}
}
}

可以注册一个监听器，接收安装的信息：


```java
mReceiver = new InstallStatusBroadcastReceiver();

IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
filter.addAction(PACKAGE_INSTALLED_ACTION);
registerReceiver(mReceiver,filter);


class InstallStatusBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

    private static final String TAG = "InstallStatusBroadcastReceiver";

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();
        Log.d(TAG,"OnReceice");
        if (PACKAGE_INSTALLED_ACTION.equals(intent.getAction())) {
            int status = extras.getInt(PackageInstaller.EXTRA_STATUS);
            String message = extras.getString(PackageInstaller.EXTRA_STATUS_MESSAGE);

            switch (status) {
                case PackageInstaller.STATUS_PENDING_USER_ACTION:
                    break;

                case PackageInstaller.STATUS_SUCCESS:
                    Log.d(TAG, "Install succeeded!");
                    break;

                case PackageInstaller.STATUS_FAILURE:
                case PackageInstaller.STATUS_FAILURE_ABORTED:
                case PackageInstaller.STATUS_FAILURE_BLOCKED:
                case PackageInstaller.STATUS_FAILURE_CONFLICT:
                case PackageInstaller.STATUS_FAILURE_INCOMPATIBLE:
                case PackageInstaller.STATUS_FAILURE_INVALID:
                case PackageInstaller.STATUS_FAILURE_STORAGE:
                    Log.e(TAG, "Install failed!" + status + ", " + message);
                    break;
                default:
                    Log.e(TAG, "Unrecognized status received from installer: " + status);
            }
        }
    }
}

3、静默安装后的自启动

静默安装后，不会自动打开应用，因此需要代码打开应用。

通过注册一个广播接收器，接收系统发出的MY_PACKAGE_REPLACED广播

<receiver android:name=".UpgradeReceiver">
	<intent-filter>
		<action android:name=".MY_PACKAGE_REPLACED" />
	</intent-filter>
</receiver>

收到广播后，启动一个前台服务：

@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
    Log.d(TAG, "onReceive: " + intent.getAction());
    Log.d(TAG, "restart");
    context.startForegroundService(new Intent(context, MyForegroundService.class));
}

在前台服务中，拉起应用本身的Activity。

public class MyForegroundService extends Service {

    private static final String TAG = "MyForegroundService";
    private static final int NOTIFICATION_ID = 1;
    private NotificationManager mNotificationManager;


    private BroadcastReceiver mBraviaReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            Log.e(TAG, "onReceive");
            if(intent.getAction().equals("upgrade_success")){
                Log.e(TAG, "notification_click");
                Intent intent1 = new Intent();
                intent1.setPackage(getPackageName());
                intent1.setAction(".START_ACITVITY");
                intent1.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
                startActivity(intent1);
            }
        }
    };

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        setForeground();
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
        filter.addAction("upgrade_success");
        registerReceiver(mBraviaReceiver, filter);
        Log.e(TAG, "onCreate");
    }


    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        Log.e(TAG, "onBind");
        return null;
    }

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        Log.d(TAG, "onStartCommand()");
        Intent intent1 = new Intent();
        intent1.setAction("upgrade_success");
        sendBroadcast(intent1);
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        Log.e(TAG, "onDestroy");
        unregisterReceiver(mBraviaReceiver);
        super.onDestroy();
    }

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
    private void setForeground() {
        mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
        // Notification channels are only supported on Android O+.
        NotificationChannel notificationChannel = new NotificationChannel(
                getString(R.string.app_name),
                getString(R.string.app_name),
                NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT);
        if (mNotificationManager != null) {
            mNotificationManager.createNotificationChannel(notificationChannel);
            Notification notification = new Notification.Builder(this.getApplicationContext(), getString(R.string.app_name))
                    .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
                    .setContentTitle(getString(R.string.app_name))
                    .setContentText(getString(R.string.app_name))
                    .build();
            startForeground(NOTIFICATION_ID, notification);
        } else {
            Log.d(TAG, "no NotificationManager!");
        }
    }
}

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