hibernate通过session实现增删改查操作实例解析

时间:2021-07-29 04:39:10

今天学习了一下如何通过hibernate来实现对数据库的增删改查,下面来简单介绍一下:

首先创建个student类:

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package com.hibernate.model;
import javax.persistence.column;
import javax.persistence.entity;
import javax.persistence.generatedvalue;
import javax.persistence.id;
import javax.persistence.table;
@entity
@table(name = "_teacher")
public class teacher {
    private int id;
    private string name;
    private int age;
    private string birthplace;
    @id
    @generatedvalue
    @column(name = "_id")
    public int getid() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setid(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    @column(name = "_name")
    public string getname() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setname(string name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    @column(name = "_age")
    public int getage() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setage(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    @column(name = "_birthplace")
    public string getbirthplace() {
        return birthplace;
    }
    public void setbirthplace(string birthplace) {
        this.birthplace = birthplace;
    }
}

然后创建个junit test case类型的teachertest:

先讲讲session.save()方法,也就是增:

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package com.hibernate.model;
import org.hibernate.query;
import org.hibernate.session;
import org.hibernate.sessionfactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.annotationconfiguration;
import org.junit.afterclass;
import org.junit.beforeclass;
import org.junit.test;
public class teachertest {
    public static sessionfactory sf = null;
    @beforeclass
      public static void beforeclass(){
        try{
            sf = new annotationconfiguration().configure().buildsessionfactory();
            //此处最好要获取一下异常,因为annotation有一个bug有时出现有时不出现
        }
        catch(exception e){
            e.printstacktrace();
        }
        finally{
        }
    }
    @test
      public void testsave() {
        //增
        teacher t = new teacher();
        t.setage(23);
        t.setname("moluo");
        t.setbirthplace("huangshan");
        session session = sf.getcurrentsession();
        session.begintransaction();
        session.save(t);
        session.gettransaction().commit();
    }
    @afterclass
      public static void afterclass(){
        sf.close();
    }
}

亮结果:

hibernate通过session实现增删改查操作实例解析

再讲讲session.delete()方法,也就是删:

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@test
  public void testdelete() {
    //删
    teacher t = new teacher();
    t.setid(2);
    session session = sf.getcurrentsession();
    session.begintransaction();
    session.delete(t);
    session.gettransaction().commit();
}

亮结果:

hibernate通过session实现增删改查操作实例解析

接着再来session.get(),也就是查:

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@test
  public void testget() {//get    
    session session = sf.getcurrentsession();
    session.begintransaction();
    teacher t = (teacher)session.get(teacher.class, 1);
    system.out.println("姓名为:"+t.getname());
    session.gettransaction().commit();
  }

亮结果:

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hibernate: select teacher0_._id as column1_1_0_, teacher0_._age as column2_1_0_, teacher0_._birthplace as column3_1_0_, teacher0_._name as column4_1_0_ from _teacher teacher0_ where teacher0_._id=?
姓名为:moluo

再来另一种查询方式:session.load():

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@test
  public void testload() {//load 
    session session = sf.getcurrentsession();
    session.begintransaction();
    teacher t = (teacher)session.load(teacher.class, 1);
    system.out.println("姓名为:"+t.getname());
    session.gettransaction().commit();
  }

亮结果:

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hibernate: select teacher0_._id as column1_1_0_, teacher0_._age as column2_1_0_, teacher0_._birthplace as column3_1_0_, teacher0_._name as column4_1_0_ from _teacher teacher0_ where teacher0_._id=?
姓名为:moluo

这里解释一下这俩查询之间的区别:首先当要查询的对象不存在的时候,返回的信息是不同的。get方式会返回:java.lang.nullpointerexception

load方式会返回:org.hibernate.objectnotfoundexception:norowwiththegivenidentifierexists

其次,load返回的是代理对象,等真正用到的时候才会发出sql语句;另外get是直接从数据库里加载数据,不存在延迟。

最后再讲讲最常用的更新方式,通过hql语句来更新:

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@test
  public void testupdate() {//更新 
    session session = sf.getcurrentsession();
    session.begintransaction();
    string url = "update teacher t set t.birthplace = 'anhui' where id = 1";
    //注意这里的teacher必须是对象名字,而不是表名,t是对象的别名
    query q = session.createquery(url);
    //这里导入的包是:import org.hibernate.query;
    q.executeupdate();
    session.gettransaction().commit();
  }

亮结果:

hibernate通过session实现增删改查操作实例解析

通过更新,把摩罗我的籍贯从黄山更新成安徽了....

其实本身有session.update()这个更新方法的,但只是这个更新方法如果你每次只更新一部分列的话,这种更新方式也会把所有列都更新一遍,效率不是太高,所以就不怎么提倡使用,当然也有弥补方式,比如如果使用的是xml的话,可以在配置文件中某个不想被更新的列的property标签里设置update="false";另外也可以在配置文件的class后面设置动态更新:dynamic-update="true";当然如果使用的是annotation,可以在不想更新的列上设置@column(update="false");其实这些都不灵活,使用hql才是最好的,所以这里就只贴出hql更新的代码。

总结

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原文链接:http://blog.csdn.net/xingzhemoluo/article/details/39722213