1、介绍
字体图标在Web应用中最为常见，字体图标是矢量的，矢量图意味着每个图标都能在所有大小的屏幕上完美呈现，可以随时更改大小和颜色，而且不失真。字体图标常见的有Font Awesome和Elegant Icon Font，她们不仅图标数量多，还可以免费使用。这些图标如果能用在WinForm项目中，不仅可以带来更加直观的界面效果，也能让图标不再局限于类似png类型，本文将介绍在WinForm项目中如何使用字体图标。
2、字体图标的选择
网上IconFont资源很多，同时很多提供SVG下载的网站都会提供对应的IconFont文件。本文就以：比较流行且开源免费的FontAwesome字体图标为例，讲解.NET开发的WinForm项目如何使用。
FontAwesome，官网：https://fontawesome.com.cn/v4/icons
在上图中，我们可以看到每个图标都有对应的Unicode编码，我们需要使用这个编码来做图标的展示。
3、使用方法
下载字体图标到本地，放到项目相应的位置，如在我们的项目中使用了两类字体图标，FontAwesome和ElegantIcon，如下图所示。
在项目中定义字体编码对应的枚举部分代码如下所示。
/// <summary>
/// 图标枚举,包含Awesome图标和Elegant图标，分别以A和E开头
/// </summary>
public enum FontIcons
{
#region Awesome English:Awesome
/// <summary>
/// a fa 500PX
/// </summary>
A_fa_500px = 0xf26e,
/// <summary>
/// a fa address book
/// </summary>
A_fa_address_book = 0xf2b9,
/// <summary>
/// a fa address book o
/// </summary>
A_fa_address_book_o = 0xf2ba,
/// <summary>
/// a fa address card
/// </summary>
A_fa_address_card = 0xf2bb,
#endregion
#region Elegant English:Elegant
/// <summary>
/// The e arrow up
/// </summary>
E_arrow_up = 0x21,
/// <summary>
/// The e arrow down
/// </summary>
E_arrow_down = 0x22,
/// <summary>
/// The e arrow left
/// </summary>
E_arrow_left = 0x23,
#endregion
}
定义字体图标加载公共类：FontImagesHelper.cs，此类不仅支持对待加载图标指定尺寸大小、还可以设置前景色和背景色。
FontImagesHelper.cs源码如下：
/// <summary>
/// 字体图标图片,awesome字体默认加载，elegant字体在使用时延迟加载
/// </summary>
public static class FontImagesHelper
{
/// <summary>
/// The m font collection
/// </summary>
private static readonly PrivateFontCollection fontCollection = new PrivateFontCollection();
/// <summary>
/// The m fonts awesome
/// </summary>
private static readonly Dictionary<string, Font> fontsAwesome = new Dictionary<string, Font>();
/// <summary>
/// The m fonts elegant
/// </summary>
private static readonly Dictionary<string, Font> fontsElegant = new Dictionary<string, Font>();
/// <summary>
/// The m cache maximum size
/// </summary>
private static Dictionary<int, float> cacheMaxSize = new Dictionary<int, float>();
/// <summary>
/// The minimum font size
/// </summary>
private const int MinFontSize = 8;
/// <summary>
/// The maximum font size
/// </summary>
private const int MaxFontSize = 43;
/// <summary>
/// 构造函数
/// </summary>
/// <exception cref="FileNotFoundException">Font file not found</exception>
static FontImagesHelper()
{
string strFile = Path.Combine(SystemInfo.StartupPath, "Resource", "IconFont\\FontAwesome.ttf");
fontCollection.AddFontFile(strFile);
float size = MinFontSize;
for (int i = 0; i <= (MaxFontSize - MinFontSize) * 2; i++)
{
fontsAwesome.Add(size.ToString("F2"), new Font(fontCollection.Families[0], size, FontStyle.Regular, GraphicsUnit.Point));
size += 0.5f;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取图标
/// </summary>
/// <param name="iconName">图标名称</param>
/// <param name="imageSize">图标大小</param>
/// <param name="foreColor">前景色</param>
/// <param name="backColor">背景色</param>
/// <returns>图标</returns>
public static Icon GetIcon(string iconName, int imageSize = 32, Color? foreColor = null, Color? backColor = null)
{
FontIcons icon = (FontIcons)Enum.Parse(typeof(FontIcons), iconName);
return GetIcon(icon, imageSize, foreColor, backColor);
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取图标
/// </summary>
/// <param name="iconName">图标名称</param>
/// <param name="imageSize">图标大小</param>
/// <param name="foreColor">前景色</param>
/// <param name="backColor">背景色</param>
/// <returns>图标</returns>
public static Icon GetIcon(FontIcons iconName, int imageSize = 32, Color? foreColor = null, Color? backColor = null)
{
try
{
Bitmap image = GetImage(iconName, imageSize, foreColor, backColor);
return image != null ? ToIcon(image, imageSize) : null;
}
catch
{
return null;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取图标
/// </summary>
/// <param name="iconName">图标名称</param>
/// <param name="imageSize">图标大小</param>
/// <param name="foreColor">前景色</param>
/// <param name="backColor">背景色</param>
/// <returns>图标</returns>
public static Bitmap GetImage(string iconName, int imageSize = 32, Color? foreColor = null, Color? backColor = null)
{
try
{
FontIcons icon = (FontIcons)Enum.Parse(typeof(FontIcons), iconName);
return GetImage(icon, imageSize, foreColor, backColor);
}
catch
{
return null;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets the size of the icon.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="iconName">The icon text.</param>
/// <param name="graphics">The graphics.</param>
/// <param name="font">The font.</param>
/// <returns>Size.</returns>
private static Size GetIconSize(FontIcons iconName, Graphics graphics, Font font)
{
string text = char.ConvertFromUtf32((int)iconName);
return graphics.MeasureString(text, font).ToSize();
}
/// <summary>
/// Converts to icon.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="srcBitmap">The source bitmap.</param>
/// <param name="size">The size.</param>
/// <returns>Icon.</returns>
/// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException">srcBitmap</exception>
private static Icon ToIcon(Bitmap srcBitmap, int size)
{
if (srcBitmap == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("srcBitmap");
}
Icon icon;
using (MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream())
{
new Bitmap(srcBitmap, new Size(size, size)).Save(memoryStream, ImageFormat.Png);
Stream stream = new MemoryStream();
BinaryWriter binaryWriter = new BinaryWriter(stream);
if (stream.Length <= 0L)
{
return null;
}
binaryWriter.Write((byte)0);
binaryWriter.Write((byte)0);
binaryWriter.Write((short)1);
binaryWriter.Write((short)1);
binaryWriter.Write((byte)size);
binaryWriter.Write((byte)size);
binaryWriter.Write((byte)0);
binaryWriter.Write((byte)0);
binaryWriter.Write((short)0);
binaryWriter.Write((short)32);
binaryWriter.Write((int)memoryStream.Length);
binaryWriter.Write(22);
binaryWriter.Write(memoryStream.ToArray());
binaryWriter.Flush();
binaryWriter.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
icon = new Icon(stream);
stream.Dispose();
}
return icon;
}
}
在RDIFramework.NET框架产品中整合了字体图标的使用，框架模块的图标按字体图标进行了整合加载，如下图所示。
调用对应图标的代码。
var img = FontImagesHelper.GetImage("A_fa_address_card", 26, "#66B9BF");
除了上面提到的字体图标，我们还可以使用阿里巴巴矢量图标库，地址：https://www.iconfont.cn/
4、参考文章
iconfont-阿里巴巴矢量图标库
FontAwesome 字体图标中文Icon
RDIFramework.NET CS敏捷开发框架 V6.1发布(.NET6+、Framework双引擎、全网唯一)
.NET开发WinForm(C/S)项目整合三种服务访问模式(直连、WCF、WebAPI)