MSTP：多生成树协议（华为交换机默认允许MSTP）
工作原理：将多个VLAN捆绑在一起，运行在一个STP实例里面，不同实例间的STP互相独立
注：默认情况下所有VLAN都在实例0里面
SW1——创建VLAN
<Huawei>system-view //进入全局配置模式
[Huawei]undo info-center enable //关闭告警提示
[Huawei]sysname SW1 //改名
[SW1]vlan batch 10 20 //创建VLAN10和VLAN20
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SW2——创建VLAN
<Huawei>system-view //进入全局配置模式
[Huawei]undo info-center enable //关闭告警提示
[Huawei]sysname SW2 //改名
[SW2]vlan batch 10 20 //创建VLAN10和VLAN20
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SW3——创建VLAN
<Huawei>system-view //进入全局配置模式
[Huawei]undo info-center enable //关闭告警提示
[Huawei]sysname SW3 //改名
[SW3]vlan batch 10 20 //创建VLAN10和VLAN20
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SW1——连接PC设置链路为access
[SW1]interface g0/0/3 //进入接口
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access //将接口设为access链路
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 10 //允许VLAN10通过
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit //退出
[SW1]
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SW2——连接PC设置链路为access
[SW2]interface g0/0/3 //进入接口
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access //将接口设为access链路
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 20 //允许VLAN20通过
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit //退出
[SW2]
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SW3——连接PC设置链路为access
[SW3]interface g0/0/3 //进入接口
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access //将接口设为access链路
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default vlan 10 //允许VLAN10通过
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit //退出
[SW3]interface g0/0/4 //进入接口
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type access //将接口设为access链路
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port default vlan 20 //允许VLAN20通过
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]quit //退出
[SW3]
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SW1——连接交换机设置链路为trunk
[SW1]port-group group-member g0/0/1 to g0/0/2 //将两个端口加入端口组
[SW1-port-group]port link-type trunk //将端口组里面的端口设置为trunk链路
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[SW1-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan all //允许所有VLAN通过
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW1-port-group]quit //退出
[SW1]
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SW2——连接交换机设置链路为trunk
[SW2]port-group group-member g0/0/1 to g0/0/2 //将两个端口加入端口组
[SW2-port-group]port link-type trunk //将端口组里面的端口设置为trunk链路
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[SW2-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan all //允许所有VLAN通过
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW2-port-group]quit //退出
[SW2]
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SW3——连接交换机设置链路为trunk
[SW3]port-group group-member g0/0/1 to g0/0/2 //将两个端口加入端口组
[SW3-port-group]port link-type trunk //将端口组里面的端口设置为trunk链路
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[SW3-port-group]port trunk allow-pass vlan all //允许所有VLAN通过
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW3-port-group]quit //退出
[SW3]
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SW2——查看交换机那个端阻塞
[SW2]dis stp brief //查看STP信息
MSTID Port Role STP State Protection
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ALTE DISCARDING NONE //端口为阻塞端口
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
0 GigabitEthernet0/0/3 DESI FORWARDING NONE
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SW1——SMTP配置
[SW1]stp region-configuration //激活SMTP域配置
[SW1-mst-region]region-name huawei //设置SMTP域名字
[SW1-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 10 //将VLAN10划分到实例1里面
[SW1-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 20 //将VLAN20划分到实例2里面
[SW1-mst-region]active region-configuration //激活MST域的配置
[SW1-mst-region]quit //退出
[SW1]
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SW2——SMTP配置
[SW2]stp region-configuration //激活SMTP域配置
[SW2-mst-region] region-name huawei //设置SMTP域名字
[SW2-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 10 //将VLAN10划分到实例1里面
[SW2-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 20 //将VLAN20划分到实例2里面
[SW2-mst-region] active region-configuration //激活MST域的配置
[SW2-mst-region]quit //退出
[SW2]
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SW3——SMTP配置
[SW3]stp region-configuration //激活SMTP域配置
[SW3-mst-region] region-name huawei //设置SMTP域名字
[SW3-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 10 //将VLAN10划分到实例1里面
[SW3-mst-region] instance 2 vlan 20 //将VLAN20划分到实例2里面
[SW3-mst-region] active region-configuration //激活MST域的配置
[SW3-mst-region]quit //退出
[SW3]
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SW2—查看实例1中阻塞端口
[SW2]dis stp instance 1 brief //查看实例1中端口状态
MSTID Port Role STP State Protection
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
1 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 DESI DISCARDING NONE //阻塞端口
[SW2]
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针对实例1数据包通信过程
SW2——实例2中，将次交换机的优先级调为最低，成为根桥
[SW2]stp instance 2 priority 4096 //实例2中将交换机的优先级调为最低，成为根桥
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SW2——查看实例2中的交换机优先级
[SW2]dis stp instance 2 //查看实例2中交换机优先级
-------[MSTI 2 Global Info]-------
MSTI Bridge ID :4096.4c1f-ccc5-27fc //实例2中，此交换机的优先级最低
MSTI RegRoot/IRPC :4096.4c1f-ccc5-27fc / 0
MSTI RootPortId :0.0
Master Bridge :32768.4c1f-cc25-682f
Cost to Master :20000
TC received :9
TC count per hello :0
Time since last TC :0 days 0h:2m:35s
Number of TC :8
Last TC occurred :GigabitEthernet0/0/1
----[Port1(GigabitEthernet0/0/1)][FORWARDING]----
Port Role :Designated Port
Port Priority :128
Port Cost(Dot1T ) :Config=auto / Active=20000
Designated Bridge/Port :4096.4c1f-ccc5-27fc / 128.1
Port Times :RemHops 20
TC or TCN send :4
TC or TCN received :5
----[Port2(GigabitEthernet0/0/2)][FORWARDING]----
Port Role :Designated Port
Port Priority :128
Port Cost(Dot1T ) :Config=auto / Active=20000
Designated Bridge/Port :4096.4c1f-ccc5-27fc / 128.2
Port Times :RemHops 20
TC or TCN send :5
TC or TCN received :4
----[Port3(GigabitEthernet0/0/3)][FORWARDING]----
Port Role :Designated Port
Port Priority :128
Port Cost(Dot1T ) :Config=auto / Active=20000
Designated Bridge/Port :4096.4c1f-ccc5-27fc / 128.3
Port Times :RemHops 20
TC or TCN send :7
TC or TCN received :0
[SW2]
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SW2—实例2中，将SW2配置为根桥，将SW1配置为备份根桥
[SW2]stp instance 2 root primary //SW2交换机会自动降低优先级成为实例2的根桥
[SW1]stp instance 2 root secondary //SW1交换机会自动成为备份根桥
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SW1——查看实例2中，阻塞的端口
[SW1]dis stp instance 2 brief //查看实例2中，端口状态
MSTID Port Role STP State Protection
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/1 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
2 GigabitEthernet0/0/2 DESI DISCARDING NONE //实例2中，该端口被阻塞
[SW1]
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针对实例2数据包通信过程
