MySQL系列详解九：MySQL级联复制演示-技术流ken

时间：2022-11-04 09:29:43

前言

级联复制就是master服务器，只给后端一台slave服务器同步数据，然后这个slave服务器在向后端的所有slave服务器同步数据，这样就可以降低master服务器的写压力，和复制数据的网络IO。

实现级联复制演示

准备

主服务器IP:10.220.5.137

从1服务器IP:10.220.5.138

从2服务器IP:10.220.5.139

配置主服务器

开启二进制日志

mysql> show global variables like '%log_bin%';

+---------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+

| Variable_name                   | Value                                      |

+---------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+

| log_bin                         | ON                                         |

| log_bin_basename                | /data/mysql/mysql3306/logs/mysql-bin       |

| log_bin_index                   | /data/mysql/mysql3306/logs/mysql-bin.index |

| log_bin_trust_function_creators | ON                                         |

| log_bin_use_v1_row_events       | OFF                                        |

+---------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+

 rows in set (0.01 sec)

创建用于复制的用户

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'ken'@'%' identified by 'xx';

查看主服务器端状态

需要查看现在主服务器端在哪个日志文件写入日志以及现在的位置

mysql> show master status\G

*************************** . row ***************************

             File: mysql-bin.

         Position:

     Binlog_Do_DB:

 Binlog_Ignore_DB:

Executed_Gtid_Set: 987ac782-d7b8-11e8-a462-000c292218ec:-,

c01b1811-d7b3-11e8--000c29492f7b:-

 row in set (0.00 sec)

配置从1服务器

与主服务器端建立连接

MySQL [(none)]> change master to master_host='10.220.5.137',master_user='ken',master_passowrd='xx',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000012',master_log_pos=;

启动slave

MySQL [(none)]> start slave;

查看连接状态

要确认IO以及SQL线程成功开启

ySQL [(none)]> show slave status\G

*************************** . row ***************************

               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

                  Master_Host: 10.220.5.137

                  Master_User: ken

                  Master_Port:

                Connect_Retry:

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.

          Read_Master_Log_Pos:

               Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.

                Relay_Log_Pos:

        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.

             Slave_IO_Running: Yes

            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

              Replicate_Do_DB:

          Replicate_Ignore_DB:

           Replicate_Do_Table:

       Replicate_Ignore_Table:

      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

                   Last_Errno:

                   Last_Error:

                 Skip_Counter:

          Exec_Master_Log_Pos:

              Relay_Log_Space:

              Until_Condition: None

               Until_Log_File:

                Until_Log_Pos:

           Master_SSL_Allowed: No

           Master_SSL_CA_File:

           Master_SSL_CA_Path:

              Master_SSL_Cert:

            Master_SSL_Cipher:

               Master_SSL_Key:

        Seconds_Behind_Master:

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

                Last_IO_Errno:

                Last_IO_Error:

               Last_SQL_Errno:

               Last_SQL_Error:

  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

             Master_Server_Id:

                  Master_UUID: 987ac782-d7b8-11e8-a462-000c292218ec

             Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/mysql3306/data/master.info

                    SQL_Delay:

          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL

      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates

           Master_Retry_Count:

                  Master_Bind:

      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:

     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:

               Master_SSL_Crl:

           Master_SSL_Crlpath:

           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 987ac782-d7b8-11e8-a462-000c292218ec:-

            Executed_Gtid_Set: 987ac782-d7b8-11e8-a462-000c292218ec:-,

c01b1811-d7b3-11e8--000c29492f7b:-

                Auto_Position:

         Replicate_Rewrite_DB:

                 Channel_Name:

           Master_TLS_Version:

 row in set (0.00 sec)

查看从1服务器端状态

需要查看现在从1服务器端在哪个日志文件写入日志以及现在的位置

mysql> show master status\G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

             File: mysql-bin.000007

         Position: 2057

     Binlog_Do_DB:

 Binlog_Ignore_DB:

Executed_Gtid_Set: 987ac782-d7b8-11e8-a462-000c292218ec:1-13,

c01b1811-d7b3-11e8-8698-000c29492f7b:3-7

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

配置从2服务器端

与从1服务器端建立连接

MySQL [(none)]> change master to master_host='10.220.5.138',master_user='ken',master_passowrd='xx',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000007',master_log_pos=2057;

启动slave

MySQL [(none)]> start slave;

查看连接状态

要确认IO以及SQL线程成功开启

ySQL [(none)]> show slave status\G

*************************** . row ***************************

               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

                  Master_Host: 10.220.5.138

                  Master_User: ken

                  Master_Port:

                Connect_Retry:

              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.

          Read_Master_Log_Pos:

               Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.

                Relay_Log_Pos:

        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.

             Slave_IO_Running: Yes

            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

              Replicate_Do_DB:

          Replicate_Ignore_DB:

           Replicate_Do_Table:

       Replicate_Ignore_Table:

      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

                   Last_Errno:

                   Last_Error:

                 Skip_Counter:

          Exec_Master_Log_Pos:

              Relay_Log_Space:

              Until_Condition: None

               Until_Log_File:

                Until_Log_Pos:

           Master_SSL_Allowed: No

           Master_SSL_CA_File:

           Master_SSL_CA_Path:

              Master_SSL_Cert:

            Master_SSL_Cipher:

               Master_SSL_Key:

        Seconds_Behind_Master:

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

                Last_IO_Errno:

                Last_IO_Error:

               Last_SQL_Errno:

               Last_SQL_Error:

  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

             Master_Server_Id:

                  Master_UUID: 987ac782-d7b8-11e8-a462-000c292218ec

             Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/mysql3306/data/master.info

                    SQL_Delay:

          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL

      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates

           Master_Retry_Count:

                  Master_Bind:

      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:

     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:

               Master_SSL_Crl:

           Master_SSL_Crlpath:

           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 987ac782-d7b8-11e8-a462-000c292218ec:-

            Executed_Gtid_Set: 987ac782-d7b8-11e8-a462-000c292218ec:-,

c01b1811-d7b3-11e8--000c29492f7b:-

                Auto_Position:

         Replicate_Rewrite_DB:

                 Channel_Name:

           Master_TLS_Version:

 row in set (0.00 sec)

测试

现在从2服务器是从从1服务器端同步的数据，没有直接和主服务器端建立连接，而是通过从1间接的进行了连接。现在在主服务器端建库建表，查看从2服务器是否有主服务器端的库和表。

主服务器建库建表

mysql> create database ken6;              <<建立数据库ken6

mysql> use ken6;                          <<切换至ken6

Database changed

mysql> create table ken(id int);          <<创建表ken

Query OK,  rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> insert into ken values (),();    <<插入数据

Query OK,  rows affected (0.01 sec)

Records:   Duplicates:   Warnings: 

mysql> select * from ken;                <<查看刚才插入的数据

+------+

| id   |

+------+

|     |

|     |

+------+

 rows in set (0.00 sec)

在从1服务器端查看已经同步过来了主服务器端新建的库和表

MySQL [(none)]> select * from ken6.ken;

+------+

| id   |

+------+

|     |

|     |

+------+

在从2检查发现也已经同步过来了主服务器端的库和表，这样就完后了级联复制的操作

MySQL [(none)]> select * from ken6.ken;

+------+

| id   |

+------+

|     |

|     |

+------+

 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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