目录
一、MenuButton简介
二、MenuButton语法及其参数
Menu Buttons Options
三、案例1：MenuButton控件添加三个checkButton
四、案例2：MenuButton控件添加三个radioButton，并输出其绑定的值
五、案例3：较新版的ttk库的MenuButton控件
一、MenuButton简介
- MenuButton控件在被按下时，弹出下拉菜单。 下拉菜单里面可以放置radioButton或者checkButton。
二、MenuButton语法及其参数
Menu Button Syntax:
MenuBttn = Menubutton(master, option..... )Menu Buttons Options
A complete list of options for the Tkinter Menu Button. Note however, that some will only work with the newer “ttk” version. A short segment on this is included at the end of the tutorial.
| No. | Option | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | activebackground | Color of the background when widget is under focus. |
| 2 | activeforeground | Color of the foreground when widget in under focus. |
| 3 | bg | Background color for the area around the widget. |
| 4 | bd | Size of the border around the widget. Default value is 2 pixels. |
| 5 | cursor | When the mouse is hovering over this widget, it can be changed to a special cursor type like an arrow or dot. |
| 6 | direction | Sets the direction of the text relative to the Menu button. Options are, LEFT, RIGHT and ‘above’. |
| 7 | fg | The color for the text. |
| 8 | height | The height of the widget in terms of text lines. |
| 9 | highlightcolor | The text color when the widget is under focus. |
| 10 | image | Used to display an image |
| 11 | justify | Specifies how the text is aligned within the widget. One of “left”, “center”, or “right”. |
| 12 | menu | Used to assign a menu object to the menu button. Allows for a list of options to be displayed. |
| 13 | padx | Amount of padding in terms of pixels in the left-right directions. |
| 14 | pady | Amount of padding in terms of pixels for the area above and below the widget. |
| 15 | relief | It specifies the type of the border. Default is Flat, other options include RAISED and SUNKEN. |
| 16 | State | Default is NORMAL. DISABLED causes the Widget to gray out and go inactive. |
| 17 | text | The text displayed next on the Menu Button. |
| 18 | textvariable | Allows us to assign a variable to the Menu Button. Text displayed on the Menu Button can be changed by manipulating this variable. |
| 19 | width | Width of the widget in terms of number of characters. |
三、案例1：MenuButton控件添加三个checkButton
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from tkinter import *
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root = Tk()
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("200x150")
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frame = Frame(root)
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()
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# 定义一个Menubutton，其实它就是控件，只不过这个控件点击会弹出菜单。
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# relief=RAISED定义Menubutton控件的外观样式
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MenuBttn = Menubutton(frame, text="Favourite food", relief=RAISED)
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()
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Var1 = IntVar()
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Var2 = IntVar()
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Var3 = IntVar()
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# Menubutton控件定义一个菜单Menu1，点击Menubutton就可以弹出Menu1菜单
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Menu1 = Menu(MenuBttn, tearoff=0)
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MenuBttn["menu"] = Menu1
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# Menu1菜单里面定义三个checkButton控件
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Menu1.add_checkbutton(label="Pizza", variable=Var1)
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Menu1.add_checkbutton(label="Cheese Burger", variable=Var2)
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Menu1.add_checkbutton(label="Salad", variable=Var3)
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()
GUI效果：
四、案例2：MenuButton控件添加三个radioButton，并输出其绑定的值
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from tkinter import *
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def retrieve():
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print(())
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root = Tk()
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("200x150")
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frame = Frame(root)
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()
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MenuBttn = Menubutton(frame, text="Favourite food", relief=RAISED)
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Menu1 = Menu(MenuBttn, tearoff=0)
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MenuBttn["menu"] = Menu1
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Var1 = IntVar()
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Menu1.add_radiobutton(label="Pizza", variable=Var1, value=1, command=retrieve)
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Menu1.add_radiobutton(label="Cheese Burger", variable=Var1, value=2, command=retrieve)
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Menu1.add_radiobutton(label="Salad", variable=Var1, value=3, command=retrieve)
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()
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()
GUI效果：
五、案例3：较新版的ttk库的MenuButton控件
较新的 ttk 库带来了一些更新的控件，它们的性能通常比原始控件更好。 它们提供了更大的灵活性并有更多的选择。 比如说ttk版本的MenuButton可以绑定变量textvariable。
在下面的部分中，我们演示了如何执行此操作。
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from tkinter import *
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import tkinter
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from ttk import Menubutton
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def f():
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var.set("Food")
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root = Tk()
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var = StringVar()
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mb = Menubutton(root, textvariable=var)
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()
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= Menu(mb, tearoff=0)
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mb["menu"] =
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b = Button(root, text="Click", command=f)
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()
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mayoVar = IntVar()
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ketchVar = IntVar()
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.add_checkbutton(label="mayo", variable=mayoVar)
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.add_checkbutton(label="ketchup",variable=ketchVar)
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()
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()
GUI效果：