Docker 部署 Nginx 并在容器内配置申请免费 SSL 证书

时间：2024-07-13 13:40:39

文章目录

  • docker
  • docker-compose.yml
  • 申请免费 SSL 证书
  • 请求头参数带下划线

docker

  • https://hub.docker.com/_/nginx
docker pull nginx:1.27

注： 国内网络原因无法下载镜像，nginx 镜像文件下载链接 https://pan.baidu.com/s/1O35cPbx6AHWUJL1v5-REzA?pwd=yjsv 提取码: yjsv。

  • 导入 nginx 镜像
docker load -i nginx-1.27.tar
  • 创建缩主机目录
cd /home
mkdir nginx && cd nginx
mkdir ssl logs
  • 拷贝容器内目录与文件
docker run --name nginx -d nginx:1.27
# 拷贝容器内目录与文件
docker cp nginx:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /home/nginx
docker cp nginx:/etc/nginx/conf.d /home/nginx
docker cp nginx:/usr/share/nginx/html /home/nginx

docker-compose.yml

services:
  nginx:
    image: nginx:1.27
    container_name: nginx
    restart: always
    # network_mode: "host"
    ports:
      - 8080:80
      - 443:443
    volumes:
      - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime
      - /home/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
      - /home/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d
      - /home/nginx/ssl:/etc/nginx/ssl
      - /home/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx
      - /home/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html

docker-compose up -d nginx
  • 查看 80 端口被占用情况
# Linux 环境
netstat -tulpn | grep :80
# Mac 环境
sudo lsof -iTCP -sTCP:LISTEN -n -P | grep LISTEN | grep ":80"

申请免费 SSL 证书

  • 配置 Nginx 以验证域名所有权
cd /home/nginx/conf.d
vim default.conf

server {
    listen       80;
    listen  [::]:80;
    server_name  localhost;

    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
	
    # 配置 Nginx 验证域名所有权
    location ^~ /.well-known/acme-challenge/ {
        default_type "text/plain";
        root /usr/share/nginx/html; 
    }
}
  • 重新加载 nginx 配置
# 进入容器
docker exec -it nginx /bin/bash
# 测试配置
nginx -t
# 重新加载配置
nginx -s reload

# 或直接执行命令
docker exec nginx nginx -v
docker exec nginx nginx -t
docker exec nginx nginx -s reload

注意： 以下所有操作均在容器内执行。

  • 安装 acme.sh 依赖
apt-get update
apt-get install -y git socat cron vim
  • 安装 acme.sh
# 下载源码
git clone https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh.git
cd ./acme.sh
# 查看帮助
./acme.sh -h
# 安装 acme.sh
./acme.sh --install -m xxxxxxxx@qq.com
# 查看 acme.sh 更新证书任务
crontab -l

注： 目前证书在 60 天以后会自动更新, 你无需任何操作. 今后有可能会缩短这个时间, 不过都是自动的, 你不用关心。

  • 域名所有权完成验证后将自动生成证书
./acme.sh --issue -d mydomain.com -w /usr/share/nginx/html
  • 生成 SSL 证书
./acme.sh --install-cert -d mydomain.com \
--key-file       /etc/nginx/sslmydomain.com.key  \
--fullchain-file /etc/nginx/sslmydomain.com.pem
  • 修改配置文件，添加 SSL 证书配置
cd /home/nginx/conf.d
vim default.conf

server {
    listen        80;
    server_name   mydomain.com;
    rewrite ^(.*) https://mydomain.com$1 permanent;
}

server {
    listen       443 ssl;
    server_name  mydomain.com;
    
    # 配置 SSL 证书
    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/sslmydomain.com.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/sslmydomain.com.key;
    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!RC4:!DHE;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    ssl_session_timeout 1d;

    client_max_body_size 20M;
    client_body_buffer_size 128k;
	
    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
}
  • 重新加载 nginx 配置
nginx -s reload
  • 查看已安装证书
./acme.sh --info -d mydomain.com

请求头参数带下划线

cd /home/nginx
vim nginx.conf

user  nginx;
worker_processes  auto;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;
	  
    # 请求头参数带下划线
    underscores_in_headers on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

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