2.2. IME管理端(IMMS)初始化流程
IMMS运行在system server进程中,属于系统服务的一部分,用于控制输入法的显示/隐藏、切换、绑定等操作。 涉及代码文件路径:
IMMS运行在system server进程中,属于系统服务的一部分,用于控制输入法的显示/隐藏、切换、绑定等操作。 涉及代码文件路径: frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/SystemServer.java frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/SystemServiceManager.java frameworks/base/core/java/android/os/SystemService.java frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/inputmethod/InputMethodManagerService.java frameworks/base/packages/SettingsProvider/src/com/android/providers/settings/DatabaseHelper.java frameworks/base/packages/SettingsProvider/res/values/defaults.xml
2.2.1. 初始化函数流程梳理
# 我们从systemserver的startOtherServices函数开始梳理
# 此处需要注意,因为我梳理的是IMMS,而Google还提供了一个MultiClientInputMethodManagerService多客户端输入法服务进程,此处不梳理
# PS:从InputMethodManagerService代码文件中可以看到,Lifecycle是里面的一个内部类,继承systemservice
SystemServer.java -- startOtherServices,然后通过SystemServiceManager的startService启动IMMS,传入class name:"InputMethodManagerService.Lifecycle.class"
---> SystemServiceManager.java -- startService有好几个重载的方法,说明下:
(1)第一个startService方法,入参className即"InputMethodManagerService.Lifecycle.class",将其作为入参调用loadClassFromLoader
(2)loadClassFromLoader会通过反射方法得到具体的Class类,返回Class<SystemService>类型的服务类,即继承SystemService的Lifecycle
(3)调用第二个startService方法,入参即serviceClass
(4)先通过"SystemService.class.isAssignableFrom(serviceClass)"判断该类是否是SysteService的子类
(5)然后通过反射构造类的实例"service=constructor.newInstance(mContext)",即实例化Lifecycle类(重点)
(6)调用第三个startService方法,入参该Lifecycle对象
(2)先将该service添加到mServices列表中,然后调用SystemService.java的onStart函数
---> InputMethodManagerService.java -- 通过上面的流程看到,此处会先调用Lifecycle类的构造函数,然后调用onStart函数
(1)构造函数会创建IMMS实例,即"InputMethodManagerService mService=new InputMethodManagerService(context)"
(2)onStart函数会将该mService通过publishBinderService方法发布到系统服务中,以便其他进行可以进行Binder获取到(即添加到dev/binder域管理)
# 主要讲述IMMS对象被创建,从构造函数梳理
---》 调用构造函数,主要用于注册一些监听事件, 获取必须的系统服务, UI相关的组件等
PS:
- SystemService启动输入法服务时,会有个判断启动IMMS还是MCIMMS。MULTI_CLIENT_IME_ENABLED(即persist.debug.multi_client_ime或ro.sys.multi_client_ime)开启,启动MultiClientInputMethodManagerService服务,否则启动InputMethodManagerService服务
- 关于MultiClientInputMethodManagerService就是多会话输入法,支持每屏幕焦点是启用此功能的前提。如果不支持,则无法启用此功能。由于安全限制,每屏幕焦点限制规定只有一小部分设备支持此功能。(详细参考Google官方文档和源码)
2.2.2. systemRunning函数流程梳理
# 我们从systemserver的startOtherServices函数开始梳理
# startBootPhase在服务startservice后执行,该函数将service分段处理,
# 例如此处IMMS在SystemService.PHASE_WAIT_FOR_SENSOR_SERVICE(200)和SystemService.PHASE_LOCK_SETTINGS_READY(480)之间
SystemServer.java -- startOtherServices,然后通过SystemServiceManager的startBootPhase
---> SystemServiceManager.java -- startBootPhase遍历两个分段之间的服务,然后调用对应service的onBootPhase
---> InputMethodManagerService.java -- 调用Lifecycle类的onBootPhase函数,然后调用InputMethodManagerService的systemRunning函数,主要内容:
(1)MyPackageMonitor内部类register注册,监听安装包的变化,包含安装,卸载,更新等
(2)SettingsObserver注册,监听当前用户的各种输入法相关的settingprovider变化,例如:默认输入法,输入法列表,输入法语言等
(3)getSelectedInputMethod获取用户设置的输入法default_input_method,此处是查询settings数据库的默认输入法(frameworks/base/packages/SettingsProvider/src/com/android/providers/settings/DatabaseHelper.java)
(4)buildInputMethodListLocked,如果没有默认输入法则入参false,该函数内容如下:
---》 查询输入法服务信息,然后将信息储存到mMethodList,mMethodMap,mMyPackageMonitor中;
---》 调用chooseNewDefaultIMELocked选择一个新的输入法;
---》 updateInputMethodsFromSettingsLocked遍历所有输入法,如果输入法存在被禁用的组件,则重新启用调用setInputMethodLocked方法完成对输入法设置,和输入法发生变化的广播(ACTION_INPUT_METHOD_CHANGED)的发送(该函数中调用setInputMethodLocked)
一般我们修改默认输入法,packages/SettingsProvider/res/values/defaults.xml 数据库配置添加def_input_method和def_enable_input_methods,然后frameworks/base/packages/SettingsProvider/src/com/android/providers/settings/DatabaseHelper.java对应添加loadStringSetting加载引用DEFAULT_INPUT_METHOD和ENABLED_INPUT_METHODS
2.2.3. 代码详细说明
//SystemServer.java
private void startOtherServices(@NonNull TimingsTraceAndSlog t) {
......
// Bring up services needed for UI.
if (mFactoryTestMode != FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_LOW_LEVEL) {
t.traceBegin("StartInputMethodManagerLifecycle");
if (InputMethodSystemProperty.MULTI_CLIENT_IME_ENABLED) {
mSystemServiceManager.startService(
MultiClientInputMethodManagerService.Lifecycle.class);
} else {
//启动IMMS服务
mSystemServiceManager.startService(InputMethodManagerService.Lifecycle.class);
}
t.traceEnd();
......
}
...
}
//SystemServiceManager.java
//第一个startService函数
public SystemService startService(String className) {
//调用loadClassFromLoader
final Class<SystemService> serviceClass = loadClassFromLoader(className,
this.getClass().getClassLoader());
return startService(serviceClass);
}
private static Class<SystemService> loadClassFromLoader(String className,
ClassLoader classLoader) {
try {
//通过反射方法得到具体的Class类,返回Class<SystemService>类型的服务类,即继承SystemService的Lifecycle
return (Class<SystemService>) Class.forName(className, true, classLoader);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
.......
}
}
//第二个startService函数
public <T extends SystemService> T startService(Class<T> serviceClass) {
try {
final String name = serviceClass.getName();
Slog.i(TAG, "Starting " + name);
Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_SYSTEM_SERVER, "StartService " + name);
// 判断该class该类是否是SysteService的子类
if (!SystemService.class.isAssignableFrom(serviceClass)) {
throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create " + name
+ ": service must extend " + SystemService.class.getName());
}
final T service;
try {
//通过反射构造类的实例,即实例化Lifecycle类
Constructor<T> constructor = serviceClass.getConstructor(Context.class);
//newInstance实例化
service = constructor.newInstance(mContext);
} catch (InstantiationException ex) {
throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create service " + name
+ ": service could not be instantiated", ex);
} ......
......
//调用第三个startService
startService(service);
return service;
} finally {
Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_SYSTEM_SERVER);
}
}
//第三个startService函数
public void startService(@NonNull final SystemService service) {
// Register it.将service注册到mServices列表中
mServices.add(service);
// Start it.
long time = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
try {
//调用该service的onStart函数
service.onStart();
} catch (RuntimeException ex) {
throw new RuntimeException("Failed to start service " + service.getClass().getName()
+ ": onStart threw an exception", ex);
}
warnIfTooLong(SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() - time, service, "onStart");
}
//InputMethodManagerService.java
public static final class Lifecycle extends SystemService {
private InputMethodManagerService mService;
//实例化时调用构造函数
public Lifecycle(Context context) {
super(context);
//创建InputMethodManagerService IMMS对象,然后调用IMMS构造函数
mService = new InputMethodManagerService(context);
}
//在startService中调用到此处
@Override
public void onStart() {
//将IMMS service添加到LocalServices
LocalServices.addService(InputMethodManagerInternal.class,
new LocalServiceImpl(mService));
//发布到系统服务中,以便其他进行可以进行Binder获取到(即添加到dev/binder域管理)
publishBinderService(Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE, mService, false /*allowIsolated*/,
DUMP_FLAG_PRIORITY_CRITICAL | DUMP_FLAG_PRIORITY_NORMAL | DUMP_FLAG_PROTO);
}
.......
}
public class InputMethodManagerService extends IInputMethodManager.Stub
implements ServiceConnection, Handler.Callback {
....
//IMMS构造函数
public InputMethodManagerService(Context context) {
mIPackageManager = AppGlobals.getPackageManager();
mContext = context;
mRes = context.getResources();
mHandler = new Handler(this);
// Note: SettingsObserver doesn't register observers in its constructor.
// SettingsObserver类型,用于监听来自设置的输入法配置, 比如默认输入法, 启用的输入法, 选择的输入法等
mSettingsObserver = new SettingsObserver(mHandler);
mIWindowManager = IWindowManager.Stub.asInterface(
ServiceManager.getService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE));
mWindowManagerInternal = LocalServices.getService(WindowManagerInternal.class);
mPackageManagerInternal = LocalServices.getService(PackageManagerInternal.class);
mInputManagerInternal = LocalServices.getService(InputManagerInternal.class);
mImeDisplayValidator = displayId -> mWindowManagerInternal.getDisplayImePolicy(displayId);
.....
// 状态栏输入法图标名称, 会根据这个名称设置输入法的图标显示
mSlotIme = mContext.getString(com.android.internal.R.string.status_bar_ime);
mIsLowRam = ActivityManager.isLowRamDeviceStatic();
// 切换输入法时的通知
Bundle extras = new Bundle();
extras.putBoolean(Notification.EXTRA_ALLOW_DURING_SETUP, true);
.....
//获取UID
int userId = 0;
try {
userId = ActivityManager.getService().getCurrentUser().id;
} catch (RemoteException e) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Couldn't get current user ID; guessing it's 0", e);
}
// 最近切换的UID
mLastSwitchUserId = userId;
//应在buildInputMethodListLocked之前创建mSettings
//类型InputMethodSettings,输入法设置对象
mSettings = new InputMethodSettings(
mRes, context.getContentResolver(), mMethodMap, userId, !mSystemReady);
updateCurrentProfileIds();
AdditionalSubtypeUtils.load(mAdditionalSubtypeMap, userId);
mSwitchingController = InputMethodSubtypeSwitchingController.createInstanceLocked(
mSettings, context);
mMenuController = new InputMethodMenuController(this);
}
......
}
IMMS.java中几个重要的变量:
- String mCurMethodId:系统当前默认的输入法id, 可能为空, 与Settings.Secure#DEFAULT_INPUT_METHOD值保持一致,在setInputMethodLocked中赋值
- String mCurId:当前已经绑定的输入法id, 如果没有输入法绑定上的话, 值为null
- ClientState mCurClient:用于当前激活的IME, 只有持有这个令牌的IME才被系统认可
- IInputMethod mCurMethod:当前已经绑定的输入法接口, 如果为null, 说明没有任何输入法连接上