JavaWeb实战之开发网上购物系统(超详细)

一、项目描述

基于B/S三层架构设计的购物系统，可以更好地符合"高内聚，低耦合"的设计思想。表现层（UI）通过JSP在浏览器上实现界面展示，通过Servlet接受用户请求并生成验证码等实时信息；数据访问层（DAL）通过JDBC对DBMS进行访问；二者之间的业务逻辑层（BLL）通过Service进行连接。同时面向接口编程提高规范化。这只是我自己用两三天的时间做的小项目，距离真正的购物系统差距还是很大的，仅供初学者参考，很多逻辑缺陷不必太纠结，以后有时间会再写一篇博客对这个项目进行相关测试。

如果只需要代码可直接通过书签栏跳转至相关文件。

二、项目演示

这是购物系统首页，是仿照华为商城设计的，当然也可以说是仿照小米商城，这二者的页面设计并无本质区别，具体实现借助于Bootstrap，商品信息通过后台数据库读取，商品表见下

点击任意商品进入详情界面

如果此时点击加入购物车会调用Servlet中的doPost方法，进而通过登陆信息是否读取成功判断登陆状态，如果未登录则转至登录界面并提示相关信息，背景渐变色借助于webgradients选取，同时实现正则验证与验证码相关功能

我们先注册再登录，这里注册洛的相关信息

注册成功

之后我们登录并将心仪的商品加入购物车，查看购物车，这里会一致显示当前登录用户信息

提交订单后查看订单，这里借助jQuery做了一个下拉框，可以查看后台数据库关于此订单的全部信息，这里提交订单相当于付款，所以未设退货功能，因此数据删除只能借助于后台数据库。

最后点击注销返回主页

三、部分代码

JdbcUtils.java

用于加载驱动并获得与数据库的连接的工具类

1. package common;
2.  
3. import java.sql.Connection;
4. import java.sql.DriverManager;
5. import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
6. import java.sql.ResultSet;
7. import java.sql.SQLException;
8.  
9. public class JdbcUtil {
10. static Connection connection;
11. public static Connection getCon() {
12. //加载驱动
13. try {
14. Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
15. } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
16. // TODO Auto-generated catch block
17. e.printStackTrace();
18. }
19. String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shoppingsystem?characterEncoding=utf-8";
20. String username = "root";
21. String password = "123";
22.  
23. //获得连接
24. try {
25. connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
26. } catch (SQLException e) {
27. // TODO Auto-generated catch block
28. e.printStackTrace();
29. }
30.  
31. return connection;
32. }
33. public static void closeAll(Connection connection, PreparedStatement preparedStatement, ResultSet resultSet) {
34. if (resultSet != null) {
35. try {
36. resultSet.close();
37. } catch (SQLException e) {
38. // TODO Auto-generated catch block
39. e.printStackTrace();
40. }
41. }
42. if (preparedStatement != null) {
43. try {
44. preparedStatement.close();
45. } catch (SQLException e) {
46. // TODO Auto-generated catch block
47. e.printStackTrace();
48. }
49. }
50. if (connection != null) {
51. try {
52. connection.close();
53. } catch (SQLException e) {
54. // TODO Auto-generated catch block
55. e.printStackTrace();
56. }
57. }
58. }
59. }
60. 、

People.java

与数据库中用户表相匹配的用户类

1. package entity;
2.  
3. public class People {
4. private String id;
5. private String password;
6. private String name;
7. private String email;
8. private String address;
9.  
10. public People() {
11. super();
12. // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
13. }
14.  
15. public People(String id, String password, String name, String email, String address) {
16. super();
17. this.id = id;
18. this.password = password;
19. this.name = name;
20. this.email = email;
21. this.address = address;
22. }
23.  
24. public String getId() {
25. return id;
26. }
27.  
28. public void setId(String id) {
29. this.id = id;
30. }
31.  
32. public String getPassword() {
33. return password;
34. }
35.  
36. public void setPassword(String password) {
37. this.password = password;
38. }
39.  
40. public String getName() {
41. return name;
42. }
43.  
44. public void setName(String name) {
45. this.name = name;
46. }
47.  
48. public String getEmail() {
49. return email;
50. }
51.  
52. public void setEmail(String email) {
53. this.email = email;
54. }
55.  
56. public String getAddress() {
57. return address;
58. }
59.  
60. public void setAddress(String address) {
61. this.address = address;
62. }
63.  
64. @Override
65. public String toString() {
66. return "People [id=" + id + ", password=" + password + ", name=" + name + ", email=" + email + ", address="
67. + address + "]";
68. }
69.  
70. }

InterfacePeopleDao.java

对用户信息进行相关操作的接口

1. package dao;
2.  
3. import java.util.List;
4.  
5. import entity.People;
6.  
7. public interface InterfacePeopleDao {
8. public abstract int insertPeople(String id, String password, String name, String email, String address);
9.  
10. public abstract int deletePeople(String id);
11.  
12. public abstract int updatePeople(String id, String password, String name, String email, String address);
13.  
14. public abstract People checkPeople(String id, String password);
15.  
16. public abstract List<People> findAllPeople();
17. }

PeopleDao.java

对上述接口的实现

1. package dao;
2.  
3. import java.sql.Connection;
4. import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
5. import java.sql.ResultSet;
6. import java.sql.SQLException;
7. import java.util.List;
8.  
9. import common.JdbcUtil;
10. import entity.People;
11.  
12. public class PeopleDao implements InterfacePeopleDao {
13. private Connection connection;
14. private PreparedStatement preparedStatement;
15. private ResultSet resultSet;
16.  
17. @Override
18. public int insertPeople(String id, String password, String name, String email, String address) {
19. String sql = "mistake";
20. if (id != "" && password != "" && name != "" && email != "" && address != "") {
21. sql = "insert into people (id, password, name, email, address)" + "values('" + id + "','" +
22. password + "','" + name + "','" + email + "','" + address + "');";
23. }
24. System.out.println("insertPeople()的sql语句:" + sql);
25.  
26. int result = 0;
27. connection = JdbcUtil.getCon();
28. try {
29. preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
30. } catch (SQLException e) {
31. e.printStackTrace();
32. }
33. try {
34. result = preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
35. } catch (SQLException e) {
36. e.printStackTrace();
37. }
38. JdbcUtil.closeAll(connection, preparedStatement, resultSet);
39. return result;
40. }
41.  
42. @Override
43. public int deletePeople(String id) {
44. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
45. return 0;
46. }
47.  
48. @Override
49. public int updatePeople(String id, String password, String name, String email, String address) {
50. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
51. return 0;
52. }
53.  
54. @Override
55. public People checkPeople(String id, String password) {
56. String sql = null;
57. if (id != null && password != null) {
58. sql = "select * from people where id = '" + id + "' and password = '" + password + "'";
59. }
60. System.out.println("checkPeople()的sql语句:" + sql);
61.  
62. People people = null;
63. connection = JdbcUtil.getCon();
64. try {
65. preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
66. resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
67. if (resultSet.next()) {
68. people = new People();
69. people.setId(resultSet.getString(1));
70. people.setPassword(resultSet.getString(2));
71. people.setName(resultSet.getString(3));
72. people.setEmail(resultSet.getString(4));
73. people.setAddress(resultSet.getString(5));
74. }
75. } catch (SQLException e) {
76. e.printStackTrace();
77. } finally {
78. JdbcUtil.closeAll(connection, preparedStatement, resultSet);
79. }
80. return people;
81. }
82.  
83. @Override
84. public List<People> findAllPeople() {
85. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
86. return null;
87. }
88.  
89. }

InterfacPeopleService.java

在业务逻辑层中将表现层与数据访问层进行连接，由于项目本身并不复杂，所以只是简单实现了方法传递

1. package service;
2.  
3. import java.util.List;
4.  
5. import entity.People;
6.  
7. public interface InterfacePeopleService {
8. public abstract int insertPeople(String id, String password, String name, String email, String address);
9.  
10. public abstract int deletePeople(String id);
11.  
12. public abstract int updatePeople(String id, String password, String name, String email, String address);
13.  
14. public abstract People checkPeople(String id, String password);
15.  
16. public abstract List<People> findAllPeople();
17. }

PeopleService.java

对上述接口的实现

1. package service;
2.  
3. import java.util.List;
4.  
5. import dao.InterfacePeopleDao;
6. import dao.PeopleDao;
7. import entity.People;
8.  
9. public class PeopleService implements InterfacePeopleService {
10. private InterfacePeopleDao peopleDao;
11.  
12. public PeopleService() {
13. peopleDao = new PeopleDao();
14. }
15.  
16. @Override
17. public int insertPeople(String id, String password, String name, String email, String address) {
18. return peopleDao.insertPeople(id, password, name, email, address);
19. }
20.  
21. @Override
22. public int deletePeople(String id) {
23. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
24. return 0;
25. }
26.  
27. @Override
28. public int updatePeople(String id, String password, String name, String email, String address) {
29. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
30. return 0;
31. }
32.  
33. @Override
34. public People checkPeople(String id, String password) {
35. return peopleDao.checkPeople(id, password);
36. }
37.  
38. @Override
39. public List<People> findAllPeople() {
40. // TODO Auto-generated method stub
41. return null;
42. }
43.  
44. }

CheckCode.java

在内存中生成验证码图片并输出到客户端

1. package servlet;
2.  
3. import java.awt.Color;
4. import java.awt.Font;
5. import java.awt.Graphics;
6. import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
7. import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
8. import java.io.IOException;
9.  
10. import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
11. import javax.servlet.ServletException;
12. import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
13. import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
14. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
15. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
16. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
17. import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
18.  
19. @WebServlet("/CheckCode")
20. public class CheckCode extends HttpServlet {
21. private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
22. private static int width=70;
23. private static int height=25;
24.  
25. public CheckCode() {
26. super();
27. // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
28. }
29.  
30. protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
31. /**
32. * request是客户端浏览器发出的请求被封装形成的一个HttpServletRequest公共接口类对象
33. * session对象存储特定用户会话所需的属性及配置信息, 这样当用户在应用程序的Web页之间跳转时, 存储在session对象中的变量将不会丢失, 而是在整个用户会话中一直存在下去
34. * getSession()与getSession(true)一样, 获取request对象关联的session对象, 如果没有session, 则返回一个新的session
35. */
36. HttpSession session=request.getSession();
37. response.setContentType("image/jpeg");// 设置生成的文档类型为jpg
38. ServletOutputStream servletOutputStream = response.getOutputStream();
39.  
40. /*设置浏览器不要缓存此图片*/
41. response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
42. response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
43. response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
44.  
45. /**
46. * 创建内存图片并获得其图形上下文
47. * Image是一个抽象类, BufferedImage是其实现类, 是一个带缓冲区图像类, 主要作用是将一幅图片加载到内存中
48. * BufferedImage生成的图片在内存里有一个图像缓冲区, 利用这个缓冲区我们可以很方便地操作这个图片
49. */
50. BufferedImage image=new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
51. Graphics graphics=image.getGraphics();
52.  
53. char[] rands=generCode();// 产生随机的验证码
54. drawRands(graphics, rands);// 产生图像
55. graphics.dispose();// 结束图像的绘制过程，完成图像
56.  
57. /*将图像输出到客户端*/
58. ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
59. ImageIO.write(image, "jpeg", byteArrayOutputStream);
60. byte[] buf=byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray();
61. response.setContentLength(buf.length);
62. servletOutputStream.write(buf);
63. byteArrayOutputStream.close();
64. servletOutputStream.close();
65.  
66. session.setAttribute("checkcode", new String(rands));// 将当前的验证码写入到session中
67.  
68. }
69.  
70. private char[] generCode() {
71. //定义验证码的字符表
72. String chars="0123456789";
73. char[] rands=new char[5];
74. for(int i=0;i<5;i++) {
75. int rand=(int)(Math.random()*10);
76. rands[i]=chars.charAt(rand);
77. }
78. return rands;
79. }
80.  
81. private void drawRands(Graphics g,char[] rands) {
82. g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
83. g.setFont(new Font(null, Font.ITALIC|Font.BOLD, 18));
84.  
85. /*在不同高度上输出验证码的每个字符*/
86. g.drawString("" + rands[0], 0, 18);
87. g.drawString("" + rands[1], 14, 18);
88. g.drawString("" + rands[2], 28, 18);
89. g.drawString("" + rands[3], 42, 18);
90. g.drawString("" + rands[4], 56, 18);
91. System.out.print("当前验证码:");
92. System.out.println(rands);
93. }
94.  
95. protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
96. doGet(request, response);
97. }
98.  
99. }

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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43686863/article/details/115861940