centos6.5安装python2.7、pip、numpy、scipy

时间:2022-03-08 01:15:14

1..安装Development Tools

yum groupinstall -y 'development tools'

2.安装SSL、bz2、zlib来为Python的安装做好准备工作

yum install -y zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel xz-libs wget

3.下载python2.7源码包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.10/Python-2.7.10.tgz

3.1.解压压缩包

tar xzvf Python-2.7.10.tgz

3.2.指定安装路径

cd Python-2.7.10
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python2

3.3.编译并安装

make
make install

3.4.创建链接将python指向2.7版本

python默认是指向2.6版本的

rm -f /usr/bin/python
ln -s /usr/local/python2/bin/python /usr/bin/python

3.5.修改yum文件(yum依赖python2.6)


“#!/usr/bin/python” 改为centos6.5原来的python版本 #!/usr/bin/python2.6

4.pip是一个安装和管理 Python 包的工具,用它我们可以方便的拉一些依赖的库下来

4.1首先下载并安装setuptools

wget --no-check-certificate https://pypi.python.org/packages/1f/7a/6b239a65d452b04ad8068193ae313b386e6fc745b92cd4584fccebecebf0/setuptools-25.1.6.tar.gz
tar -xvf setuptools-25.1.6.tar.gz
cd setuptools-25.1.6
python setup.py install

4.2下载安装pip

wget --no-check-certificate https://bootstrap.pypa.io/ez_setup.py
sudo python ez_setup.py --insecure
wget "https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pip/pip-9.0.1.tar.gz" --no-check-certificate

解压安装

[root@master /usr/local/src]$ tar -zxxf pip-9.0.1.tar.gz
[root@master /usr/local/src]$ cd pip-9.0.1
[root@master /usr/local/src]$  python setup.py install

这样就可以使用pip了

5.适用pip安装numpy、scipy

sudo pip install numpy 
sudo pip install scipy 
sudo pip install matplotlib

 6.python更新后, matplotlib.pyplot模块无法加载,通过百度,发现没有安装tk

yum -y install tk-devel
yum -y install tkinter

安装后python2.7依旧无法加载,更改文件

 vim /usr/local/src/Python-2.7.10/Modules/Setup.dist

去掉这几行前边的“#”

_tkinter _tkinter.c tkappinit.c -DWITH_APPINIT \
-L/usr/local/lib \
-I/usr/local/include \
-ltk8.5 -ltcl8.5 \
-lX11

-ltk8.5 -ltcl8.5 默认是 8.2 ,请你系统实际tcl/tk版本修改

[root@master /usr/local/src/Python-2.7.10]$ rpm -qa | grep ^tk
tkinter-2.6.6-66.el6_8.x86_64
tk-devel-8.5.7-5.el6.x86_64
tk-8.5.7-5.el6.x86_64
[root@master /usr/local/src/Python-2.7.10]$ rpm -qa | grep ^tcl
tcl-8.5.7-6.el6.x86_64
tcl-devel-8.5.7-6.el6.x86_64

我系统中装的是8.5,所以这里我改成了8.5

然后保存退出

安装tck-devel、tk-devel

yum -y install tcl-devel tk-devel

新进入python2.7目录

执行

make
make install