python开发学习-day06(模块拾忆、面向对象)

时间：2021-09-30 17:28:02

s12-20160130-day06

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pytho自动化开发 day06

Date:2016.02.20

    @南非波波

课程大纲：

day05

http://www.cnblogs.com/alex3714/articles/5161349.html

day06

http://www.cnblogs.com/alex3714/articles/5188179.html

一、模块回顾

1. os模块

2. sys模块

3. shutil模块

高级的 文件、文件夹、压缩包 处理模块

shutil.copyfileobj(fsrc, fdst[, length])

功能：将文件内容拷贝到另一个文件中，可以部分内容

shutil.copyfile(src, dst)

功能：仅拷贝文件

shutil.copymode(src, dst)

功能：仅拷贝权限，内容、组、用户均不变

shutil.copystat(src, dst)

功能：拷贝状态的信息，包括：mode bits, atime, mtime, flags

shutil.copy(src, dst)

功能：拷贝文件和权限

shutil.copy2(src, dst)

功能：拷贝文件和状态信息

1. zipfile

2. tarfile

4. shelve模块

二次封装pickle模块功能，对比pickle而言，shelve实现了按照‘键’来取值

示例：

#!/usr/local/env python3

'''

Author:@南非波波

Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/songqingbo/

E-mail:qingbo.song@gmail.com

'''

import shelve

name = ['swht','shen','test']

class Test(object):

    def __init__(self,n):

        self.n = n

t1 = Test(1234)

t2 = Test(123456)

#存数据

# shelve_file = shelve.open('ret.txt')

# shelve_file['use'] = name

# shelve_file['t1'] = t1

# shelve_file['t2'] = t2

# shelve_file.close()

#取数据

shelve_load = shelve.open('ret.txt')

a = shelve_load.get('use')

print(a)

b = shelve_load.get('t1')

print(b.n)

c = shelve_load.get('t2')

print(c.n)

shelve_load.close()

5.configparser模块

示例：

#!/usr/local/env python3

'''

Author:@南非波波

Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/songqingbo/

E-mail:qingbo.song@gmail.com

'''

import configparser

#生成文档

#["DEFAULT"]是一个全局模块，对所有的模块生效

'''

config = configparser.ConfigParser()

config["DEFAULT"] = {'ServerAliveInterval': '45',

                      'Compression': 'yes',

                     'CompressionLevel': '9'}

config['bitbucket.org'] = {}

config['bitbucket.org']['User'] = 'hg'

config['topsecret.server.com'] = {}

topsecret = config['topsecret.server.com']

topsecret['Host Port'] = '50022'     # mutates the parser

topsecret['ForwardX11'] = 'no'  # same here

config['DEFAULT']['ForwardX11'] = 'yes'

with open('example.ini', 'w') as configfile:

   config.write(configfile)

'''

#查询

'''

config = configparser.ConfigParser()

config.read('example.ini')

print(config.sections())  #['bitbucket.org', 'topsecret.server.com']

if 'bitbucket.org' in config:

    print('True')

print("['bitbucket.org']['User']:",config['bitbucket.org']['User'])

print("['bitbucket.org']['Compression']:",config['bitbucket.org']['Compression'])

for key in config['bitbucket.org']:

    print(key)

'''

#读

'''

config = configparser.ConfigParser()

config.read('example.ini')

secs = config.sections()

print(secs) #['bitbucket.org', 'topsecret.server.com']

options = config.options('topsecret.server.com')

print(options) #['host port', 'forwardx11', 'compression', 'serveraliveinterval', 'compressionlevel']

item_list = config.items('bitbucket.org')

print(item_list) #[('compression', 'yes'), ('serveraliveinterval', '45'), ('compressionlevel', '9'), ('forwardx11', 'yes'), ('user', 'hg')]

val = config.get('bitbucket.org','compression')

print(val)

'''

#改写

config = configparser.ConfigParser()

config.read('example.ini')

#实现从原来的文件中读取，删除[bitbucket.org]模块后将其他内容写到example_new.ini文件中

# sec = config.remove_section('bitbucket.org')

# config.write(open('example_new.ini', "w"))

#添加[swht]模块

# sec = config.has_section('swht')

# sec = config.add_section('swht')

# config.write(open('example_new1.ini', "w"))

6. hashlib模块

该模块提供了多个算法对字符串进行加密操作。

示例代码：

#!/usr/local/env python3

'''

Author:@南非波波

Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/songqingbo/

E-mail:qingbo.song@gmail.com

'''

import hashlib

'''

#md5加密

md5num = hashlib.md5()

md5num.update(b"shendiaoxia1278@sohu.com")

print(md5num.hexdigest()) #7e023c9fafc96423da854e4923f466a1

'''

'''

#sha1加密

sha1num = hashlib.sha1()

sha1num.update(b"shendiaoxia1278@sohu.com")

print(sha1num.hexdigest()) #dd8d5deaa16c2dde03785aac99943f8f75bfaba9

'''

'''

#sha256加密

hash = hashlib.sha256()

hash.update(b"shendiaoxia1278@sohu.com")

print(hash.hexdigest()) #14b03e2271da2cc9b0cc3ff73727c6d3ba6ba17077470a92162f7b46c9d1d968

'''

'''

#sha384加密

hash = hashlib.sha384()

hash.update(b"shendiaoxia1278@sohu.com")

print(hash.hexdigest()) #a27bbc0d66d6b8b00a7ebfcad662ebed385fe2098898dfe23b88ffa88e1b6565d82e7eee5c9950c90231d0c0aa286e00

'''

'''

#sha512加密

hash = hashlib.sha512()

hash.update(b"shendiaoxia1278@sohu.com")

print(hash.hexdigest()) #42bb1886bba49373c8f8177fba32a58a1f31af7272219789db52776428789f4a39970da9a36fdef6ab76651ed9f07e0fa140e4fa7dd325cb52559389bb80ceab

'''

高级加密代码

'''

# import hashlib

# ######## md5 #######

hash = hashlib.md5(b'898oaFs09f')

hash.update(b"shendiaoxia1278@sohu.com")

print(hash.hexdigest()) #2aa29d812ca08b39d96f9441775420ba

'''

'''

import hmac

#可以使用在用户登录的时候，使用用户输入的用户名和密码进行加密后作为用户的密码

hash = hmac.new(b"shendiaoxia1278@sohu.com")

hash.update(b"swht")

print(hash.hexdigest()) #c65d9bc3f37d6cfb9a9c959a18463bf4

'''

7. subprocess模块

1. python2.7

    import subprocess

    #默认状态shell = False，必须使用一个列表的方式将shell命令传递进去

    ret = subprocess.call(["ls", "-l"], shell=False)

    #使用shell = True告诉subprocess模块对用户传入的shell命令不转义，即使用原生shell命令

    ret = subprocess.call("ls -l", shell=True)

2. python3.5

8. logging模块

示例：

#!/usr/local/env python3

'''

Author:@南非波波

Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/songqingbo/

E-mail:qingbo.song@gmail.com

'''

import logging

# logging.warning("user [swht] is start the systerm!")

# logging.critical("server is down!")

#创建日志

logger = logging.getLogger('[Test-Log]')

logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

#创建一个控制台的handler并设置日志级别

ch = logging.StreamHandler()

ch.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

#创建一个文件的handler并设置日志级别

fh = logging.FileHandler("access.log")

fh.setLevel(logging.WARNING)

#创建日期格式

fomatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(name)s %(levelname)s %(message)s',datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')

#add formatter to ch and fh

ch.setFormatter(fomatter)

fh.setFormatter(fomatter)

logger.addHandler(ch)

logger.addHandler(fh)

# 'application' code

logger.debug('debug message')

logger.info('info message')

logger.warn('warn message')

logger.error('error message')

logger.critical('critical message')

#输出格式：

'''

2016-02-20 16:53:27 [Test-Log] DEBUG debug message

2016-02-20 16:53:27 [Test-Log] INFO info message

2016-02-20 16:53:27 [Test-Log] WARNING warn message

2016-02-20 16:53:27 [Test-Log] ERROR error message

2016-02-20 16:53:27 [Test-Log] CRITICAL critical message

'''

二、面向对象编程

1. 面向对象的介绍

1.  不要写重复的代码

2.  代码易扩展，程序遵循易读、易改的原则

2. 面向对象的特性

1.  封装

2.  继承

    1.  基类或父类或超类

    2.  子类或派生类

    一般情况下，一个子类只能有一个基类，但在python中，一个子类是可以继承多个基类，实现多重继承，可以通过多级继承来实现；继承的过程就是从一般到特殊的过程

3.  多态

    实现接口的重用

3. 类、方法

类 class

示例：

#!/usr/local/env python3

'''

Author:@南非波波

Blog:http://www.cnblogs.com/songqingbo/

E-mail:qingbo.song@gmail.com

'''

class Role(object):

    def __init__(self,name,role,weapon,life_value):

        self.name = name

        self.role = role

        self.weapon = weapon

        self.life_value = life_value

    def buy_weapon(self,weapon):

        self.weapon = weapon

        print("%s 成功购买[%s]" % (self.name,weapon))

#实例化

p1 = Role('swht','p','A11',100)

t1 = Role('shen','t','A11',100)

print("p1[weapon]初始值:",p1.weapon)

print("t1[weapon]初始值:",t1.weapon)

#买枪行为

p1.buy_weapon("AK65")

t1.buy_weapon("AK60")

print("p1[weapon]当前值:",p1.weapon)

print("t1[weapon]当前值:",t1.weapon)

作业：

模拟人生游戏

    1.  至少有两个不同的角色

    2.  玩的过程中，必须有交互

    3.  根据不同的交互产生不同的行为

    4.  一定要用到面向对象编程的语法及思想

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