一:threading VS Thread
众所周知,python是支持多线程的,而且是native的线程,其中threading是对Thread模块做了包装,可以更加方面的被使用,threading模块里面主要对一些线程操作对象化了,创建了Thread的类。
使用线程有两种模式,一种是创建线程要执行的函数,把这个函数传递进Thread对象里,让它来执行,一种是直接从Thread继承,创建一个新的class,把线程执行的代码放到这个新的类里面,用例如下:
①使用Thread来实现多线程
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#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import string
import threading
import time
def threadMain(a):
global count,mutex
#获得线程名
threadname = threading.currentThread().getName()
for x in xrange ( 0 , int (a)):
#获得锁
mutex.acquire()
count + = 1
#释放锁
mutex.release()
print threadname,x,count
time.sleep()
def main(num):
global count,mutex
threads = []
count = 1
#创建一个锁
mutex = threading.Lock()
#先创建线程对象
for x in xrange ( 0 ,num):
threads.append(threading.Thread(target = threadMain,args = ( 10 ,)))
for t in threads:
t.start()
for t in threads:
t.join()
if __name__ = = "__main__" :
num = 4
main(num);
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②使用threading来实现多线程
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#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import threading
import time
class Test(threading.Thread):
def __init__( self ,num):
threading.Thread.__init__( self ):
self ._run_num = num
def run( self ):
global count,mutex
threadName = threading.currentThread.getName()
for x in xrange ( 0 , int ( self ._run_num)):
mutex.acquire()
count + = 1
mutex.release()
print threadName,x,count
time.sleep( 1 )
if __name__ = = "__main__" :
global count,mutex
threads = []
num = 4
count = 1
mutex.threading.Lock()
for x in xrange (o,num):
threads.append(Test( 10 ))
#启动线程
for t in threads:
t.start()
#等待子线程结束
for t in threads:
t.join()
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二:optparser VS getopt
①使用getopt模块处理Unix模式的命令行选项
getopt模块用于抽出命令行选项和参数,也就是sys.argv,命令行选项使得程序的参数更加灵活,支持短选项模式和长选项模式
例:python scriptname.py –f “hello” –directory-prefix=”/home” –t --format ‘a'‘b'
getopt函数的格式:getopt.getopt([命令行参数列表],‘短选项',[长选项列表])
其中短选项名后面的带冒号(:)表示该选项必须有附加的参数
长选项名后面有等号(=)表示该选项必须有附加的参数
返回options以及args
options是一个参数选项及其value的元组((‘-f','hello'),(‘-t',''),(‘—format',''),(‘—directory-prefix','/home'))
args是除去有用参数外其他的命令行 输入(‘a',‘b')
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#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import sys
import getopt
def Usage():
print "Usage: %s [-a|-0|-c] [--help|--output] args..." % sys.argv[ 0 ]
if __name__ = = "__main__" :
try :
options,args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[ 1 :], "ao:c" ,[ 'help' , "putput=" ]):
print options
print "\n"
print args
for option,arg in options:
if option in ( "-h" , "--help" ):
Usage()
sys.exit( 1 )
elif option in ( '-t' , '--test' ):
print "for test option"
else :
print option,arg
except getopt.GetoptError:
print "Getopt Error"
Usage()
sys.exit( 1 )
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②optparser模块
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#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import optparser
def main():
usage = "Usage: %prog [option] arg1,arg2..."
parser = OptionParser(usage = usage)
parser.add_option( "-v" , "--verbose" ,action = "store_true" ,dest = "verbose" ,default = True , help = "make lots of noise [default]" )
parser.add_option( "-q" , "--quiet" ,action = "store_false" ,dest = "verbose" , help = "be vewwy quiet (I'm hunting wabbits)" )
parser.add_option( "-f" , "--filename" ,metavar = "FILE" , help = "write output to FILE" )
parser.add_option( "-m" , "--mode" ,default = "intermediate" , help = "interaction mode: novice, intermediate,or expert [default: %default]" )
(options,args) = parser.parse_args()
if len (args) ! = 1 :
parser.error( "incorrect number of arguments" )
if options.verbose:
print "reading %s..." % options.filename
if __name__ = = "__main__" :
main()
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以上就是threading VS Thread、optparser VS getopt 的相互比较,希望对大家学习模块有所帮助。