I'm trying to grovel through some other processes environment to get a specific env var.
我正试图通过一些其他进程环境来获取特定的env var。
So I've been trying a sed command like:
所以我一直在尝试像以下一样的sed命令:
sed -n "s/\x00ENV_VAR_NAME=\([^\x00]*\)\x00/\1/p" /proc/pid/environ
sed -n“s / \ x00ENV_VAR_NAME = \([^ \ x00] * \)\ x00 / \ 1 / p”/ proc / pid / environ
But I'm getting as output the full environ file. If I replace the \1 with just a static string, I get that string plus the entire environ file:
但我得到完整的environ文件作为输出。如果我用一个静态字符串替换\ 1,我得到该字符串加上整个environ文件:
sed -n "s/\x00ENV_VAR_NAME=\([^\x00]*\)\x00/BLAHBLAH/p" /proc/pid/environ
sed -n“s / \ x00ENV_VAR_NAME = \([^ \ x00] * \)\ x00 / BLAHBLAH / p”/ proc / pid / environ
I should just be getting "BLAHBLAH" in the last example. This doesn't happen if I get rid of the null chars and use some other test data set.
我应该在最后一个例子中得到“BLAHBLAH”。如果我摆脱空字符并使用其他测试数据集,则不会发生这种情况。
This lead me to try transforming the \x00 to \x01's, which does seem to work:
这导致我尝试将\ x00转换为\ x01,这似乎有效:
cat /proc/pid/environ | tr '\000' '\001' | sed -n "s/\x01ENV_VAR_NAME=\([^\x01]*\)\x01/\1/p"
cat / proc / pid / environ | tr'\ 000''\ 001'| sed -n“s / \ x01ENV_VAR_NAME = \([^ \ x01] * \)\ x01 / \ 1 / p”
Am I missing something simple about sed here? Or should I just stick to this workaround?
我在这里错过了关于sed的简单介绍吗?或者我应该坚持这个解决方法?
5 个解决方案
#1
12
You could process the list with gawk, setting the record separator to \0
and the field separator to =
:
您可以使用gawk处理列表,将记录分隔符设置为\ 0,将字段分隔符设置为=:
gawk -v 'RS=\0' -F= '$1=="ENV_VAR_NAME" {print $2}' /proc/pid/environ
Or you could use read
in a loop to read each NUL-delimited line. For instance:
或者你可以在循环中使用read来读取每个NUL分隔的行。例如:
while read -d $'\0' ENV; do declare "$ENV"; done < /proc/pid/environ
echo $ENV_VAR_NAME
(Do this in a sub-shell to avoid clobbering your own environment.)
(在子shell中执行此操作以避免破坏您自己的环境。)
#2
32
A lot of programs written in C tend to fail with strings with embedded NULs as a NUL terminates a C-style string. Unless specially written to handle it.
由于NUL终止了C风格的字符串,许多用C语言编写的程序往往会因嵌入NUL的字符串而失败。除非特别写下来处理它。
I process /proc/*/environ on the command line with xargs:
我使用xargs在命令行上处理/ proc / * / environ:
xargs -n 1 -0 < /proc/pid/environ
This gives you one env var per line. Without a command, xargs just echos the argument. You can then easily use grep, sed, awk, etc on that by piping to it.
这为每行提供了一个env var。没有命令,xargs只是回应了这个论点。然后你可以通过管道来轻松地使用grep,sed,awk等。
xargs -n 1 -0 < /proc/pid/environ | sed -n 's/^ENV_VAR_NAME=\(.*\)/\1/p'
I use this often enough that I have a shell function for it:
我经常使用它,我有一个shell函数:
pidenv()
{
xargs -n 1 -0 < /proc/${1:-self}/environ
}
This gives you the environment of a specific pid, or self if no argument is supplied.
这为您提供了特定pid的环境,如果没有提供参数,则为self。
#3
10
cat /proc/PID/environ | tr '\0' '\n' | sed 's/^/export /' ;
then copy and paste as needed.
然后根据需要复制和粘贴。
#4
6
In spite of really old and answered question, I am adding one very simple oneliner, probably simpler for getting the text output and further processing:
尽管有一个非常古老和回答的问题,我正在添加一个非常简单的oneliner,可能更简单的获取文本输出和进一步处理:
strings /proc/$PID/environ
#5
2
For some reason sed does not match \0 with .
出于某种原因,sed与\ 0不匹配。
% echo -n "\00" | xxd
0000000: 00 .
% echo -n "\00" | sed 's/./a/g' | xxd
0000000: 00 .
% echo -n "\01" | xxd
0000000: 01 .
% echo -n "\01" | sed 's/./a/g' | xxd
0000000: 61 a
Solution: do not use sed or use your workaround.
解决方案:不要使用sed或使用您的解决方法。
#1
12
You could process the list with gawk, setting the record separator to \0
and the field separator to =
:
您可以使用gawk处理列表,将记录分隔符设置为\ 0,将字段分隔符设置为=:
gawk -v 'RS=\0' -F= '$1=="ENV_VAR_NAME" {print $2}' /proc/pid/environ
Or you could use read
in a loop to read each NUL-delimited line. For instance:
或者你可以在循环中使用read来读取每个NUL分隔的行。例如:
while read -d $'\0' ENV; do declare "$ENV"; done < /proc/pid/environ
echo $ENV_VAR_NAME
(Do this in a sub-shell to avoid clobbering your own environment.)
(在子shell中执行此操作以避免破坏您自己的环境。)
#2
32
A lot of programs written in C tend to fail with strings with embedded NULs as a NUL terminates a C-style string. Unless specially written to handle it.
由于NUL终止了C风格的字符串,许多用C语言编写的程序往往会因嵌入NUL的字符串而失败。除非特别写下来处理它。
I process /proc/*/environ on the command line with xargs:
我使用xargs在命令行上处理/ proc / * / environ:
xargs -n 1 -0 < /proc/pid/environ
This gives you one env var per line. Without a command, xargs just echos the argument. You can then easily use grep, sed, awk, etc on that by piping to it.
这为每行提供了一个env var。没有命令,xargs只是回应了这个论点。然后你可以通过管道来轻松地使用grep,sed,awk等。
xargs -n 1 -0 < /proc/pid/environ | sed -n 's/^ENV_VAR_NAME=\(.*\)/\1/p'
I use this often enough that I have a shell function for it:
我经常使用它,我有一个shell函数:
pidenv()
{
xargs -n 1 -0 < /proc/${1:-self}/environ
}
This gives you the environment of a specific pid, or self if no argument is supplied.
这为您提供了特定pid的环境,如果没有提供参数,则为self。
#3
10
cat /proc/PID/environ | tr '\0' '\n' | sed 's/^/export /' ;
then copy and paste as needed.
然后根据需要复制和粘贴。
#4
6
In spite of really old and answered question, I am adding one very simple oneliner, probably simpler for getting the text output and further processing:
尽管有一个非常古老和回答的问题,我正在添加一个非常简单的oneliner,可能更简单的获取文本输出和进一步处理:
strings /proc/$PID/environ
#5
2
For some reason sed does not match \0 with .
出于某种原因,sed与\ 0不匹配。
% echo -n "\00" | xxd
0000000: 00 .
% echo -n "\00" | sed 's/./a/g' | xxd
0000000: 00 .
% echo -n "\01" | xxd
0000000: 01 .
% echo -n "\01" | sed 's/./a/g' | xxd
0000000: 61 a
Solution: do not use sed or use your workaround.
解决方案:不要使用sed或使用您的解决方法。