项目的目的是为了查询某个点附近某些POI的最近距离，例如查询*到附近最近的商场的距离（时间）
1.百度地图API
程序中用到百度地图的两个API，分别是
（1）路线规划服务（又名Direction API）：http://lbsyun.baidu.com/index.php?title=webapi/direction-api-v2
（2）地点检索服务（又名Place API）：http://lbsyun.baidu.com/index.php?title=webapi/guide/webservice-placeapi
要用这两个API首先要申请一个key（应用类别必须是服务端），如下图：
路线规划服务
哎呀不想写了，直接上代码吧（代码有点bug，没能实现最后的功能，但是调API服务这些是没错的）
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*- #获取最短路径及时间 import requests import xlrd from urllib2 import urlopen, quote import json import sys import time import math reload(sys) sys.setdefaultencoding("utf-8") class derection: #这个函数是求两个坐标点的直线距离 #参考http://blog.****.net/qq_29933359/article/details/53516440 def getDistance(self,origin,destination): start_lat=origin.split(\',\')[0] start_lng=origin.split(\',\')[1] end_lat = destination.split(\',\')[0] end_lng = destination.split(\',\')[1] lat1 = (math.pi / 180) * float(start_lat) lat2 = (math.pi / 180) * float(end_lat) lon1 = (math.pi / 180) * float(start_lng) lon2 = (math.pi / 180) * float(end_lng) # print start_lat,start_lng,end_lat,end_lng #地球半径 R = 6371 distance = math.acos(math.sin(lat1) * math.sin(lat2) + math.cos(lat1) * math.cos(lat2) * math.cos(abs(lon2 - lon1))) * R*1000 # print distance return distance #直线距离少于2公里就选择步行 def getwalkduration(self,origin,destination): # url=\'http://api.map.baidu.com/direction/v2/riding?\' url=\'http://api.map.baidu.com/direction/v1?mode=walking®ion=武汉\' output = \'json\' ak = \'···\' uri = url + \'&origin=\' + origin + \'&destination=\' + destination + \'&output=\' + output + \'&ak=\' + ak req = urlopen(uri) res = req.read().decode() temp = json.loads(res) distance = temp[\'result\'][\'routes\'][0][\'distance\'] # 那个0是因为它返回的routes是一个list，所以索引0就是第一条路线 duration = temp[\'result\'][\'routes\'][0][\'duration\'] # print \'距离%.2f千米，骑车耗时%d分钟\' % (float(distance) / 1000, round(int(duration) / 60)) return distance, duration #这个函数是利用百度地图路线规划服务求距离POI的最近距离和最短时间 def getduration(self,origin,destination): url = \'http://api.map.baidu.com/direction/v2/transit?\' output = \'json\' ak = \'···\' uri = url + \'&origin=\' + origin + \'&destination=\' + destination + \'&output=\' + output + \'&ak=\' + ak req = urlopen(uri) res = req.read().decode() temp = json.loads(res) distance=temp[\'result\'][\'routes\'][0][\'distance\']#那个0是因为它返回的routes是一个list，所以索引0就是第一条路线 duration=temp[\'result\'][\'routes\'][0][\'duration\'] # print \'距离%.2f千米，乘坐公交耗时%d分钟\'%(float(distance)/1000,round(int(duration)/60)) return distance,duration #这个函数是利用地点检索服务获取离中心点最近的POI（获取的POI数量在10个以内） def getsortestfacility(self,origin): #选出直线距离最短的前十个设施 url=\'http://api.map.baidu.com/place/v2/search?&radius_limit=true\' query = \'公园$景区\' tag=\'旅游景点\' output = \'json\' ak = \'···\' for i in range(1000,6000,1000): #如果1000米距离内没有相关POI，就让半径增加1000 radius = str(i) uri = url + \'&query=\' + query +\'&tag=\'+tag+ \'&location=\' + origin + \'&radius=\'+radius+\'&output=\' + output + \'&ak=\' + ak req = urlopen(uri) res = req.read().decode() temp = json.loads(res) destlist = [] Num=len(temp[\'results\']) #求返回的POI的个数，下面循环range要用到 if Num==0: # print\'%d米内无相关POI\'%i continue else: for i in range(0,Num): lat = temp[\'results\'][i][\'location\'][\'lat\'] lng = temp[\'results\'][i][\'location\'][\'lng\'] destination=str(lat)+\',\'+str(lng) destlist.append(destination) #存在POI就把POI的坐标加入数组 # print destlist break return destlist def findnearesttop10(self,origin): destinationdata = xlrd.open_workbook( \'C://Users//Administrator//PycharmProjects//···//shopping_cinema.xlsx\') destinationdata_sheet = destinationdata.sheet_by_index(1) destinationdata_rowsNum = destinationdata_sheet.nrows alldict={} for i in range(1,destinationdata_rowsNum): lat = destinationdata_sheet.cell(i, 2).value lng = destinationdata_sheet.cell(i, 1).value destination=str(lat)+\',\'+str(lng) newdist=test.getDistance(origin,destination) key=str(destination) value=newdist alldict[key] = value # alldict.fromkeys(key,value) # print alldict sorted_dict=sorted(alldict.items(), key=lambda alldict: alldict[1]) return sorted_dict if __name__ == \'__main__\': print "开始计算数据，请稍等..." start_time = time.time() fh = open(r\'C://Users//Administrator//PycharmProjects//···//xiaoqu_gongyuan.txt\', "w") origindata = xlrd.open_workbook(\'C://Users//Administrator//PycharmProjects//···//HousePrice.xlsx\') origindata_sheet = origindata.sheet_by_index(1) origindata_rowsNum = origindata_sheet.nrows test = derection() # 实例化对象 for i in range(1, origindata_rowsNum): m = 10000000 oriname=origindata_sheet.cell(i, 0).value orilat = origindata_sheet.cell(i, 1).value orilng = origindata_sheet.cell(i, 2).value origin=str(orilat)+\',\'+str(orilng) sorted_dict=test.findnearesttop10(origin) top10={} count=0 for key,value in sorted_dict: count += 1 top10[key]=value if count >= 10: break # print \'小区%s的top10是：%s\'%(oriname,top10) for key,value in top10.items(): if value>1000: try: destination=key distance, duration = test.getduration(origin,destination) # 方法必须由实例调用 except: # print \'直线距离是%s米\'%(distance) continue else: # duration=round(distance/72*60) destination = key distance,duration=test.getwalkduration(origin,destination) # print \'步行距离%d米，耗时%d秒\'%(distance,duration) if distance < m: m = distance d=destination else: continue print \'%s小区最短距离是%d米,最近的设施是：%s\'%(oriname,m,d) # fh.write(str(name)+\',\'+str(m)) fh.close() end_time = time.time() print "全部数据处理完毕，用时%.2f秒" % (end_time - start_time)