1、通过创建临时表
可以把数据先导入到一个临时表中，然后删除原表的数据，再把数据导回原表，SQL语句如下：
creat table tbl_tmp (select distinct* from tbl); truncate table tbl;//清空表记录 insert into tbl select * from tbl_tmp; //将临时表中的数据插回来。
这种方法可以实现需求，但是很明显，对于一个千万级记录的表，这种方法很慢，在生产系统中，这会给系统带来很大的开销，不可行。
2、利用rowid
在oracle中，每一条记录都有一个rowid，rowid在整个数据库中是唯一的，rowid确定了每条记录是oracle中的哪一个数据文件、块、行上。在重复的记录中，可能所有列的内容都相同，但rowid不会相同。SQL语句如下：
delete from tbl where rowid in ( select a.rowid from tbl a, tbl b where a.rowid>b.rowid and a.col1=b.col1 and a.col2 = b.col2)
如果已经知道每条记录只有一条重复的，这个sql语句适用。但是如果每条记录的重复记录有N条，这个N是未知的，就要考虑适用下面这种方法了。
3、利用max或min函数
这里也要使用rowid，与上面不同的是结合max或min函数来实现。SQL语句如下
delete from tbl awhere rowid not in ( select max(b.rowid) from tbl b where a.col1=b.col1 and a.col2 = b.col2); //这里max使用min也可以 或者用下面的语句 delete from tbl awhere rowid<(select max(b.rowid) from tbl b where a.col1=b.col1 and a.col2 = b.col2); //这里如果把max换成min的话，前面的where子句中需要把"<"改为">"
跟上面的方法思路基本是一样的，不过使用了group by，减少了显性的比较条件，提高效率。SQL语句如下：
deletefrom tbl where rowid not in (select max(rowid) from tbl tgroup by t.col1, t.col2); delete from tbl where (col1, col2) in (select col1,col2 from tbl group bycol1,col2 havingcount(*) >1) and rowid not in (select nin(rowid) from tbl group by col1,col2 having count(*) >1)
还有一种方法，对于表中有重复记录的记录比较少的，并且有索引的情况，比较适用。假定col1，col2上有索引，并且tbl表中有重复记录的记录比较少，SQL语句如下4、利用group by，提高效率
4、Group By方法
一、查数据
Select
count(Num) ,max(Name) from student –列出重复记录，并列出属性
Group
By Name
Having
count(Num) >1 –按Name分组后找出表中Num列重复，即出现次数大于1
二、删数据
Delete
from student Group By Name Having count(Num) > 1
(一)
1、查找表中多余的重复记录，重复记录是根据单个字段（peopleId）来判断
select * from people where peopleId in (select peopleId from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1)
2、删除表中多余的重复记录，重复记录是根据单个字段（peopleId）来判断，只留有rowid最小的记录
delete from people where peopleId in (select peopleId from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId) > 1) and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from people group by peopleId having count(peopleId )>1)
3、查找表中多余的重复记录（多个字段）
select * from vitae a where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1)
4、删除表中多余的重复记录（多个字段），只留有rowid最小的记录
delete from vitae a where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1) and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*)>1)
5、查找表中多余的重复记录（多个字段），不包含rowid最小的记录
select * from vitae a where (a.peopleId,a.seq) in (select peopleId,seq from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*) > 1) and rowid not in (select min(rowid) from vitae group by peopleId,seq having count(*)>1)
select g.country,count(DISTINCT(g.GENE_ID)) as gene_count from (select p.gene_id,upper(t.country) as country
from
medline_citation t,tb_gene_2pubmed p
where
t.pmid=p.pubmed_id and t.country is not null ) g group by g.country