本文研究的主要是python通过elixir包操作mysql数据库的相关实例，具体如下。
python操作数据库有很多方法，下面介绍elixir来操作数据库。elixir是对sqlalchemy lib的一个封装，classes和tables是一一对应的，能够一步定义classes，tables和mappers，支持定义多个primary key。
定义model.py
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from elixir import sqlalchemy
from elixir import *
engine =sqlalchemy.create_engine('mysql://root:root@localhost/') #the first root is the user, and the sencond root is the password
#engine.execute("DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS elixir")
engine.execute("CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS elixir")
metadata.bind='mysql://root:root@localhost:3306/elixir'
#metadata.bind.echo =True
class Movie(Entity):
using_options(tablename='movies')
title = Field(Unicode(30),primary_key = True)
year = Field(Integer, primary_key = True)
description = Field(UnicodeText)
director = ManyToOne('Director')
genres = ManyToMany('Genre')
actor = ManyToMany('Actor')
def __repr__(self):
return '<Move "%s" (%d)>' % (self.title, self.year)
class Person(Entity):
using_options(inheritance='multi')
using_options(tablename='person')
name = Field(Unicode(60))
def __repr__(self):
return '<Person "%s">' % self.name
class Director(Person):
using_options(inheritance='multi')
using_options(tablename='director')
movies = OneToMany('Movie')
def __repr__(self):
return '<Director "%s">' % self.name
class Genre(Person):
using_options(inheritance='multi')
using_options(tablename='genre')
movies = ManyToMany('Movie')
def __repr__(self):
return '<Genre "%s">' % self.name
class Actor(Person):
using_options(inheritance='multi')
using_options(tablename='actor')
movies = ManyToMany('Movie')
def __repr__(self):
return '<Actor "%s">' % self.name
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model_test.py
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from model import *
# setup_all(True) is equal to the following two staps:
setup_all() # create sqlalchemy table object as mapper object for the class
create_all() # take all table objcts and create real tables by issuing SQL statements on the databse.
Actor1 = Actor(name=u"lvliang")
scifi = Genre(name = u"Science-Fiction")
rscott = Director(name = u"Ridley Scott")
glucas = Director(name = u"George Lucas")
alien = Movie(title = u"Alien", year = 1979, director=rscott, genres=[scifi, Genre(name=u"Horror")], actor = [Actor1])
brunner = Movie(title = u"Blade Runner", year = 1982, director = rscott, genres=[scifi])
swars = Movie(title = u"Star Wars", year = 1977, director = glucas, genres=[scifi])
session.commit()
m1 = Movie.query.filter_by(title=u"Alien").one()
m2 = Movie.query.filter(Movie.year>1980).all()
m3 = Movie.query.filter(Movie.director.has(name = u"Ridley Scott")).all()
m4 = Movie.query.filter(Movie.director.has(Director.name.endswith(u"Scott"))).all()
m5 = Movie.query.filter(Movie.genres.any(name = u"Horror")).all()
print m1
print m2
print m3
print m4
print m5
d = Director.get_by(name = u"Ridley Scott") # Class.get_by(xxx) is a shortcut for Class.query.filter_by(xxx).first
q = Movie.query.filter_by(director = d) #get all movies directed by director d
m = q.filter_by(year = 1979).all()
print "Movie direct by %s in year 1979 are " %(d.name)
print m
movies = q.order_by(sqlalchemy.desc(Movie.year)).all()
print movies
fro m in movies:
m.delete()
session.commit()
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执行model.py，结果为：
查看数据库，结果为：
总结
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原文链接：http://blog.csdn.net/y2701310012/article/details/40480421