Pytorch: 利用预训练的残差网络ResNet50进行图像特征提取，并可视化特征图&热图-2.图像特征提取和可视化分析

import cv2
import time
import os
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import torch
from torch import nn
import torchvision.models as models
import torchvision.transforms as transforms
import numpy as np

imgname = 'bottle_broken_large.png' 
savepath='vis_resnet50/features_bottle'
if not os.path.isdir(savepath):
    os.makedirs(savepath)

def draw_features(width,height,x,savename):
    tic = time.time()
    fig = plt.figure(figsize=(16, 16))
    fig.subplots_adjust(left=0.05, right=0.95, bottom=0.05, top=0.95, wspace=0.05, hspace=0.05)
    for i in range(width*height):
        plt.subplot(height, width, i + 1)
        plt.axis('off')
        img = x[0, i, :, :]
        pmin = np.min(img)
        pmax = np.max(img)
        img = ((img - pmin) / (pmax - pmin + 0.000001))*255  #float在[0，1]之间，转换成0-255
        img=img.astype(np.uint8)  #转成unit8
        img=cv2.applyColorMap(img, cv2.COLORMAP_JET) #生成heat map
        img = img[:, :, ::-1]#注意cv2（BGR）和matplotlib(RGB)通道是相反的
        plt.imshow(img)
        print("{}/{}".format(i,width*height))
    fig.savefig(savename, dpi=100)
    fig.clf()
    plt.close()
    print("time:{}".format(time.time()-tic))


class ft_net(nn.Module):

    def __init__(self):
        super(ft_net, self).__init__()
        model_ft = models.resnet50(pretrained=True)
        self.model = model_ft

    def forward(self, x):
        if True: # draw features or not
            x = self.model.conv1(x)
            draw_features(8, 8, x.cpu().numpy(),"{}/f1_conv1.png".format(savepath))

            x = self.model.bn1(x)
            draw_features(8, 8, x.cpu().numpy(),"{}/f2_bn1.png".format(savepath))

            x = self.model.relu(x)
            draw_features(8, 8, x.cpu().numpy(), "{}/f3_relu.png".format(savepath))

            x = self.model.maxpool(x)
            draw_features(8, 8, x.cpu().numpy(), "{}/f4_maxpool.png".format(savepath))

            x = self.model.layer1(x)
            draw_features(16, 16, x.cpu().numpy(), "{}/f5_layer1.png".format(savepath))

            x = self.model.layer2(x)
            draw_features(16, 32, x.cpu().numpy(), "{}/f6_layer2.png".format(savepath))

            x = self.model.layer3(x)
            draw_features(32, 32, x.cpu().numpy(), "{}/f7_layer3.png".format(savepath))

            x = self.model.layer4(x)
            draw_features(32, 32, x.cpu().numpy()[:, 0:1024, :, :], "{}/f8_layer4_1.png".format(savepath))
            draw_features(32, 32, x.cpu().numpy()[:, 1024:2048, :, :], "{}/f8_layer4_2.png".format(savepath))

            x = self.model.avgpool(x)
            plt.plot(np.linspace(1, 2048, 2048), x.cpu().numpy()[0, :, 0, 0])
            plt.savefig("{}/f9_avgpool.png".format(savepath))
            plt.clf()
            plt.close()

            x = x.view(x.size(0), -1)
            x = self.model.fc(x)
            plt.plot(np.linspace(1, 1000, 1000), x.cpu().numpy()[0, :])
            plt.savefig("{}/f10_fc.png".format(savepath))
            plt.clf()
            plt.close()
        else :
            x = self.model.conv1(x)
            x = self.model.bn1(x)
            x = self.model.relu(x)
            x = self.model.maxpool(x)
            x = self.model.layer1(x)
            x = self.model.layer2(x)
            x = self.model.layer3(x)
            x = self.model.layer4(x)
            x = self.model.avgpool(x)
            x = x.view(x.size(0), -1)
            x = self.model.fc(x)

        return x


model = ft_net().cuda()

# pretrained_dict = resnet50.state_dict()
# pretrained_dict = {k: v for k, v in pretrained_dict.items() if k in model_dict}
# model_dict.update(pretrained_dict)
# net.load_state_dict(model_dict)
model.eval()
img = cv2.imread(imgname)
img = cv2.resize(img, (288, 288))
img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
transform = transforms.Compose(
    [transforms.ToTensor(),
     transforms.Normalize((0.5, 0.5, 0.5), (0.5, 0.5, 0.5))])
img = transform(img).cuda()
img = img.unsqueeze(0)

with torch.no_grad():
    start = time.time()
    out = model(img)
    print("total time:{}".format(time.time()-start))
    result = out.cpu().numpy()
    # ind=np.argmax(out.cpu().numpy())
    ind = np.argsort(result, axis=1)
    for i in range(5):
        print("predict:top {} = cls {} : score {}".format(i+1,ind[0,1000-i-1],result[0,1000-i-1]))
    print("done")

可视化结果：