Linux中MySQL测试环境搭建主主集群

时间：2024-04-10 10:46:56

MySQL测试环境搭建主主集群

主机参数调调整

vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
#查看是否SELINUX=disabled
#禁用firewalld
service firewalld stop
架构 IP hostname
主1数据库 192.168.206.3 zhou
主2数据库 192.168.206.4 bin

主1数据库安装

# 进入目录
cd /opt

# 下载安装包
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

# 解压
tar -xvf mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

# 拷贝到/usr/local
mv /opt/mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local

# 进入/usr/local
cd /usr/local

# 修改名称为mysql-8.0.20
mv mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql-8.0.20

# 创建存放数据文件夹
mkdir /usr/local/mysql-8.0.20/data

# 创建用户及用户组
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql

# 授权
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql-8.0.20

# 初始化数据库(记录临时密码)
cd /usr/local/mysql-8.0.20/

./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --lower-case-table-names=1 --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-8.0.20/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql-8.0.20/data/ --initialize ;

# 配置my.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf

# 清空，使用下面内容
// 文件内容开始
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql-8.0.20
datadir=/usr/local/mysql-8.0.20/data
character-set-server=utf8
lower-case-table-names=1
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password

server-id = 1                                                
log-bin=mysql-bin                                        
auto_increment_increment=2
auto_increment_offset=1
replicate-do-db=test_db


// 文件内容结束

# 建立Mysql服务
cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql
chkconfig --add mysql

# 检查服务是否生效
chkconfig --list mysql

# 启动、停止、重启
service mysql start
service mysql stop
service mysql restart

# 创建软连接
ln -s /usr/local/mysql-8.0.20/bin/mysql /usr/bin 

# 登录（使用临时密码）
mysql -uroot -p

# 修改密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';

# 退出，使用新密码登录
quit
mysql -uroot -p

# 修改root权限，增加远程连接
use mysql
update user set host ='%' where user='root';
alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '123456';
flush privileges;

# 退出
quit

主2数据库安装

和主1数据库安装一致，但配置文件内容不同

# 配置my.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf

# 清空，使用下面内容
// 文件内容开始

[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql-8.0.20
datadir=/usr/local/mysql-8.0.20/data
character-set-server=utf8
lower-case-table-names=1
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password

server-id = 2 
log-bin=mysql-bin
auto_increment_increment=2
auto_increment_offset=2
replicate-do-db=test_db


// 文件内容结束

# 主数据库服务器测试从数据库
mysql -uroot -p -h192.168.206.4 -P3306

# 从数据库服务器测试主数据库
mysql -uroot -p -h192.168.206.3 -P3306

设置主从架构

把主1这台设置为主库

#登录数据库
mysql -uroot -p
#创建复制用户
#这里设置的用户名是：zhou,密码 123456
create user 'zhou'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '123456';      
#创建用户 mysql8.0中密码需要填写mysql_native_password
grant replication slave on *.* to 'zhou'@'%';                         
#分配权限
flush privileges;    
#刷新权限

#查看主1的状态
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 |     2037 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

设置主2为从库

mysql -uroot -p

#在主2上执行同步语句

change master to master_host='192.168.206.3',master_user='zhou',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',master_log_pos=2037;


# 开始同步
start slave;

# 若出现错误，则停止同步，重置后再次启动
stop slave;
reset slave;
start slave;

# 查询Slave状态
show slave status\G

#出现yes则成功
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.206.4
                  Master_User: bin
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 4968
               Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 324
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: test_db

测试

# 在主数据库创建数据库test
create database test_db;

# 从数据库查看
show databases;

# 在主数据库创建表
use test_db;
create table t_user(id int, name varchar(20));

# 插入数据
insert into t_user values(1, 'C3Stones');

# 在从数据库查看
use test_db;
select * from t_user;

# 其他删改查操作请自行测试

把主2这台设置为主库

mysql -uroot -p

#先对主2上进行授权
create user 'bin'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '123456';      
#创建用户 mysql.80中密码需要填写mysql_native_password
grant replication slave on *.* to 'bin'@'%';                         
#分配权限
flush privileges;    

#查看主2的状态
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 |     4968 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

把主1这台设置为从库

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.206.4', master_user='bin', master_password='123456', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003', master_log_pos=4968;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 8 warnings (0.01 sec)


#启动同步
start slave;

# 若出现错误，则停止同步，重置后再次启动
stop slave;
reset slave;
start slave;

# 查询Slave状态
show slave status\G

测试

# 插入数据
use test_db;
insert into t_user values(2, 'tones');

# 在从数据库查看
use test_db;
select * from t_user;

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