计算机图形学 课程实验报告
实验名称 真实感图形绘制
一、实验目的
1.掌握光照模型的编程应用
2.能够编程模拟实现简单的太阳系
1. 用不同的着色和光照参数绘制茶壶：
i. 线框模型的茶壶
ii. 没有光照的固定颜色的茶壶
iii. 只有环境光，采用单一颜色的茶壶
iv. 只有环境光和漫反射光，采用Gouraud插值着色的茶壶
v. 有环境光、漫反射光和镜面高光，采用Gouraud插值着色的茶壶
vi. 有环境光、漫反射光和镜面高光，采用Phone插值着色的茶壶
2. 模拟简单的太阳系，太阳在中心，地球每365天绕太阳转一周，月球每年绕地球转12周。另外，地球每天24个小时绕它自己的轴旋转。
二、实验环境
1.codeblocks-17.12
2.Windows10 SDK 10.0.17134.0
三、实验内容
1茶壶绘制
1.1问题重述
用不同的着色和光照参数绘制茶壶：
i. 线框模型的茶壶
ii. 没有光照的固定颜色的茶壶
iii. 只有环境光，采用单一颜色的茶壶
iv. 只有环境光和漫反射光，采用Gouraud插值着色的茶壶
v. 有环境光、漫反射光和镜面高光，采用Gouraud插值着色的茶壶
vi. 有环境光、漫反射光和镜面高光，采用Phone插值着色的茶壶
2.2实验结果
i. 线框模型的茶壶
ii. 没有光照的固定颜色的茶壶
iii. 只有环境光，采用单一颜色的茶壶
iv. 只有环境光和漫反射光，采用Gouraud插值着色的茶壶
v. 有环境光、漫反射光和镜面高光，采用Gouraud插值着色的茶壶
vi. 有环境光、漫反射光和镜面高光，采用Phone插值着色的茶壶
2.模拟太阳系
2.1问题重述
模拟简单的太阳系，太阳在中心，地球每365天绕太阳转一周，月球每年绕地球转12周。另外，地球每天24个小时绕它自己的轴旋转。
2.2运行结果
三、源代码
1.
#include<windows.h>
#include <GL/glut.h>
#include <stdio.h>
GLfloat d = 0.1;
GLfloat translateX = 0, translateY = 0;
int halfLength = 20;
GLfloat ratio;
class Point{
public:
GLfloat x, y, z;
Point(GLfloat x = 0.0, GLfloat y = 0.0, GLfloat z = 0.0){
this->x = x;
this->y = y;
this->z = z;
}
};
typedef Point Color;
int renderMode = 1;
GLfloat light_position[]={1.0,1.0,1.0,0.0};
GLfloat blackColor[]={0.0,0.0,0.0,1.0};
GLfloat greyColor[] = {0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 1.0};
GLfloat whiteColor[]={1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0};
GLfloat redColor[]={1.0,0.0,0.0,1.0};
GLfloat no_mat[] ={0.0,0.0,0.0,1.0};
GLfloat mat_ambient[] = {0.7,0.7,0.7,1.0};
GLfloat mat_diffuse[] = {0.1,0.5,0.8,1.0};
GLfloat mat_specular[] = {1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0};
GLfloat no_shininess[] = {0.0};
GLfloat low_shininess[] = {5.0};
GLfloat high_shininess[] = {100.0};
void init(){
glClearColor(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
//远光源照射
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,light_position);
//启用光照
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);
//局部光源照射
// GLfloat light_position1[] = {2.0,0.0,3.0,1.0};
// glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1,GL_POSITION,light_position1);
// glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
// glEnable(GL_LIGHT1);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
}
void drawCoord(){
glColor3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
glBegin(GL_LINES);
glVertex2f(-halfLength, 0.0);
glVertex2f(halfLength, 0.0);
glVertex2f(0.0, -halfLength);
glVertex2f(0.0, halfLength);
glEnd();
}
void changeSize(GLsizei w, GLsizei h){
glViewport(0.0, 0.0, w, h);
if(h == 0)
h = 1;
ratio = (GLfloat)w / (GLfloat)h;
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
if(w < h)
glOrtho(-halfLength, halfLength, -halfLength / ratio, halfLength /ratio, -halfLength, halfLength);
// glFrustum(-halfLength, halfLength, -halfLength / ratio, halfLength /ratio, -10 * halfLength, 0.0);
else
glOrtho(-halfLength * ratio, halfLength * ratio, -halfLength, halfLength, -halfLength, halfLength);
// glFrustum(-halfLength * ratio, halfLength * ratio, -halfLength, halfLength, -10 * halfLength, 0.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
}
void renderScene(){
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glLoadIdentity();
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
switch (renderMode){
case 1:
case 2:
glDisable(GL_LIGHTING);
break;
case 3:
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT, mat_ambient);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_DIFFUSE, no_mat);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_SPECULAR, no_mat);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_SHININESS, no_shininess);
// glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_DIFFUSE,whiteColor);
break;
case 4:
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT, mat_ambient);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_DIFFUSE, mat_diffuse);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_SPECULAR, no_mat);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_SHININESS, no_shininess);
// glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_SPECULAR,whiteColor);;
case 5:
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT, mat_ambient);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_DIFFUSE, mat_diffuse);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_SPECULAR, mat_specular);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_SHININESS, low_shininess);
break;
case 6:
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT, mat_ambient);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_DIFFUSE, mat_diffuse);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_SPECULAR, mat_specular);
glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_SHININESS, high_shininess);
default:;
}
glColor3f(1.0, 0, 0);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glTranslatef(0.0, 0.0, -5.0);
//glRotatef(15.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
printf("renderMode = %d\n", renderMode);
if(renderMode == 1)
glutWireTeapot(7.0);
else
glutSolidTeapot(7.0);
glFlush();
}
void keyboardFunc(unsigned char key, int x, int y){
switch(key){
case '1':
case '2':
case '3':
case '4':
case '5':
case '6':
renderMode = key - '0';
break;
case 'q':
exit(0);
default:;
}
glutPostRedisplay();
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB | GLUT_SINGLE);
glutInitWindowSize(500, 500);
glutCreateWindow("template");
init();
glutDisplayFunc(renderScene);
glutReshapeFunc(changeSize);
glutKeyboardFunc(keyboardFunc);
glutMainLoop();
return 0;
}
2.
#include<windows.h>
#include <GL/glut.h>
#include <stdio.h>
GLfloat d = 0.1;
GLfloat translateX = 0, translateY = 0;
int halfLength = 70;
GLfloat ratio;
GLfloat sun2Earth = 40.0;
GLfloat earth2Moon = 10.0;
GLfloat earthAngle = 0.0, moonAngle = 0.0;
GLfloat sunSize = 15;
GLfloat earthSize = 5;
GLfloat moonSize = 2;
GLfloat sunColor[] = {1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0};
GLfloat earthColor[] = {0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0};
GLfloat moonColor[] = {1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0};
GLfloat whiteLight[] = {0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, 1.0f};
GLfloat sourceLight[] = {0.8f, 0.8f, 0.8f, 1.0f};
GLfloat lightPos[] = {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};
class Point{
public:
GLfloat x, y, z;
Point(GLfloat x = 0.0, GLfloat y = 0.0, GLfloat z = 0.0){
this->x = x;
this->y = y;
this->z = z;
}
};
typedef Point Color;
void init(){
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
glLightModelfv(GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, whiteLight);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, sourceLight);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, lightPos);
glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);
glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);
}
void drawCoord(){
glColor3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
glBegin(GL_LINES);
glVertex2f(-halfLength, 0.0);
glVertex2f(halfLength, 0.0);
glVertex2f(0.0, -halfLength);
glVertex2f(0.0, halfLength);
glEnd();
}
void changeSize(GLsizei w, GLsizei h){
glViewport(0.0, 0.0, w, h);
if(h == 0)
h = 1;
ratio = (GLfloat)w / (GLfloat)h;
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
if(w < h)
glOrtho(-halfLength, halfLength, -halfLength / ratio, halfLength /ratio, -halfLength, halfLength);
// glFrustum(-halfLength, halfLength, -halfLength / ratio, halfLength /ratio, -10 * halfLength, 0.0);
else
glOrtho(-halfLength * ratio, halfLength * ratio, -halfLength, halfLength, -halfLength, halfLength);
// glFrustum(-halfLength * ratio, halfLength * ratio, -halfLength, halfLength, -10 * halfLength, 0.0);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
}
void renderScene(){
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glLoadIdentity();
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glRotatef(80.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
// drawCoord();
glColor3fv(sunColor);
glDisable(GL_LIGHTING);
glutSolidSphere(sunSize, 50, 50);
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
glRotatef(earthAngle, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
glTranslatef(sun2Earth, 0.0, 0.0);
glColor3fv(earthColor);
glutSolidSphere(earthSize, 50, 50);
glRotatef(moonAngle, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
glTranslatef(earth2Moon, 0.0, 0.0);
glColor3fv(moonColor);
glutSolidSphere(moonSize, 50, 50);
glLoadIdentity();
earthAngle += d;
moonAngle += 12 * d;
glutSwapBuffers();
glutPostRedisplay();
}
void mySpecialKeyFunc(int key, int x, int y){
switch (key){
case GLUT_KEY_UP:
d += 0.01;
break;
case GLUT_KEY_DOWN:
d -= 0.01;
break;
default:;
}
}
void myKeyboardFunc(unsigned char key, int x, int y){
if(key == 'q'){
exit(0);
}
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_DEPTH);
glutInitWindowSize(500, 500);
glutCreateWindow("template");
init();
glutDisplayFunc(renderScene);
glutReshapeFunc(changeSize);
glutSpecialFunc(mySpecialKeyFunc);
glutKeyboardFunc(myKeyboardFunc);
glutMainLoop();
return 0;
}