UETool是饿了么推出一款开源库,已经出来一段时间了,用来帮助设计师,程序员,测试人员来在APP上修改View的各项参数。使用起来也很方便,但它只能在自己项目里引入依赖来使用,也就是说用它只能查看自己APP的布局位置信息。如果可以用它来查看手机上安装的任意APP,那是不是很酷呢?我们今天的目标就是:扩展UETool让它成为一个SuperUETool。先说下我们超级工具**VirtualUETool**,无需修改其他应用apk,无需反编译apk,无需手机Root,即拿即用,在Github已开源,欢迎star、fork哈~说了这么多,我们先看下效果吧:
接下来,我们来聊聊实现思路以及实现过程中遇到的问题,重点在于思路和想法的扩展,希望给你也有新的启发。
先说下本文的行文思路:
一、UETool工作原理梳理
二、VirtualUETool框架的实现思路梳理
我们这里的介绍重点在于UETool以及对其的改造,对VirtualApp实现插件化功能就不做过多阐述了哈
好了,那我们开始吧。
一、UETool工作原理梳理
UETool
的基本使用就不说了,看下官方文档就很清楚了,基本使用在当前页面调用下UETool.showUETMenu
这个方法就可以了。既然我们要开始改造UETool
,
那我们接下来的重点就聊聊这个东西它的内部实现是什么样的,也方便我们后续的修改嘛。
首先从UETool.showUETMenu
往下看UETool.showMenu
private boolean showMenu(int y) {
//检查开启悬浮窗权限
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
if (!Settings.canDrawOverlays(Application.getApplicationContext())) {
requestPermission(Application.getApplicationContext());
Toast.makeText(Application.getApplicationContext(), "After grant this permission, re-enable UETool", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
return false;
}
}
//启动UETool悬浮窗
if (uetMenu == null) {
uetMenu = new UETMenu(Application.getApplicationContext(), y);
}
uetMenu.show();
return true;
}
这里主要是申请悬浮窗权限,就不说了。后面下看UETMenu
的构造方法,这个UETMenu
是一个继承了LinearLayout
的普通布局控件,构造方法中主要是初始化UI相关,看下关键部分:UETMenu
构造方法中
public class UETMenu extends LinearLayout
...
subMenus.add(new UETSubMenu.SubMenu(resources.getString(R.string.uet_catch_view), R.drawable.uet_edit_attr, new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//查看view属性
open(TransparentActivity.Type.TYPE_EDIT_ATTR);
}
}));
subMenus.add(new UETSubMenu.SubMenu(resources.getString(R.string.uet_relative_location), R.drawable.uet_relative_position,
new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//查看view布局位置
open(TransparentActivity.Type.TYPE_RELATIVE_POSITION);
}
}));
subMenus.add(new UETSubMenu.SubMenu(resources.getString(R.string.uet_grid), R.drawable.uet_show_gridding,
new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//显示网格栅栏,方便查看控件是否对齐
open(TransparentActivity.Type.TYPE_SHOW_GRIDDING);
}
}));
...
这里添加进悬浮窗点击展开的三部分,分别是查看view属性、查看view布局位置、显示网格栅栏这三个部分。OK,继续往下,就到了uetMenu.show()
这里,
public void show() {
try {
windowManager.addView(this, getWindowLayoutParams());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
就是往WindowManager
中添加了UETMenu
这个ViewGroup
。接下来我们关注的重点来了,当点击各个功能按钮后统一都调用了open
方法,往下走。
private void open(@TransparentActivity.Type int type) {
Activity currentTopActivity = Util.getCurrentActivity();
if (currentTopActivity == null) {
return;
} else if (currentTopActivity.getClass() == TransparentActivity.class) {
currentTopActivity.finish();
return;
}
//启动透明activity
Intent intent = new Intent(currentTopActivity, TransparentActivity.class);
intent.putExtra(TransparentActivity.EXTRA_TYPE, type);
currentTopActivity.startActivity(intent);
currentTopActivity.overridePendingTransition(0, 0);
UETool.getInstance().setTargetActivity(currentTopActivity);
}
这里启动了一个透明的Activity
,用于显示我们显示绘制布局信息和响应我们的手指点击,看重点
TransparentActivity.java
switch (type) {
case TYPE_EDIT_ATTR:
EditAttrLayout editAttrLayout = new EditAttrLayout(this);
editAttrLayout.setOnDragListener(new EditAttrLayout.OnDragListener() {
@Override
public void showOffset(String offsetContent) {
board.updateInfo(offsetContent);
}
});
vContainer.addView(editAttrLayout);
break;
case TYPE_RELATIVE_POSITION:
vContainer.addView(new RelativePositionLayout(this));
break;
case TYPE_SHOW_GRIDDING:
vContainer.addView(new GriddingLayout(this));
board.updateInfo("LINE_INTERVAL: " + DimenUtil.px2dip(GriddingLayout.LINE_INTERVAL, true));
break;
default:
Toast.makeText(this, getString(R.string.uet_coming_soon), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
finish();
break;
}
这里我们看到不同的功能在界面添加了不同的Layout
,那接下来就分别分析下咯。EditAttrLayout
和RelativePositionLayout
都继承自CollectViewsLayout
,先来看下它们的爸爸~
@Override
protected void onAttachedToWindow() {
super.onAttachedToWindow();
try {
Activity targetActivity = UETool.getInstance().getTargetActivity();
WindowManager windowManager = targetActivity.getWindowManager();
Field mGlobalField = Class.forName("android.view.WindowManagerImpl").getDeclaredField("mGlobal");
mGlobalField.setAccessible(true);
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT <= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
Field mViewsField = Class.forName("android.view.WindowManagerGlobal").getDeclaredField("mViews");
mViewsField.setAccessible(true);
List<View> views = (List<View>) mViewsField.get(mGlobalField.get(windowManager));
for (int i = views.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
View targetView = getTargetDecorView(targetActivity, views.get(i));
if (targetView != null) {
//获取当前显示的view
traverse(targetView);
break;
}
}
} else {
Field mRootsField = Class.forName("android.view.WindowManagerGlobal").getDeclaredField("mRoots");
mRootsField.setAccessible(true);
List viewRootImpls;
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {
viewRootImpls = (List) mRootsField.get(mGlobalField.get(windowManager));
} else {
viewRootImpls = Arrays.asList((Object[]) mRootsField.get(mGlobalField.get(windowManager)));
}
for (int i = viewRootImpls.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
Class clazz = Class.forName("android.view.ViewRootImpl");
Object object = viewRootImpls.get(i);
Field mWindowAttributesField = clazz.getDeclaredField("mWindowAttributes");
mWindowAttributesField.setAccessible(true);
Field mViewField = clazz.getDeclaredField("mView");
mViewField.setAccessible(true);
View decorView = (View) mViewField.get(object);
WindowManager.LayoutParams layoutParams = (WindowManager.LayoutParams) mWindowAttributesField.get(object);
if (layoutParams.getTitle().toString().contains(targetActivity.getClass().getName())
|| getTargetDecorView(targetActivity, decorView) != null) {
traverse(decorView);
break;
}
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//递归遍历界面所有view并添加进elements集合中
private void traverse(View view) {
//如果在过滤的列表中,忽略
if (UETool.getInstance().getFilterClasses().contains(view.getClass().getName())) return;
//如果View不显示 忽略
if (view.getAlpha() == 0 || view.getVisibility() != View.VISIBLE) return;
//如果view tag == DESABLE_UETOOL 忽略
if (getResources().getString(R.string.uet_disable).equals(view.getTag())) return;
elements.add(new Element(view));
if (view instanceof ViewGroup) {
ViewGroup parent = (ViewGroup) view;
for (int i = 0; i < parent.getChildCount(); i++) {
traverse(parent.getChildAt(i));
}
}
}
在onAttachedToWindow
方法中查找到当前界面显示的View并且递归遍历子View,添加至elements
集合中,每个Element
中保存由当前View的位置信息和其父级Element
。
继续看EditAttrLayout
,这个控件用于显示当前View属性内容,主要看下这里:
//当点击某个控件位置时 会调用 triggerActionUp
class ShowMode implements IMode {
@Override
public void triggerActionUp(final MotionEvent event) {
final Element element = getTargetElement(event.getX(), event.getY());
if (element != null) {
targetElement = element;
invalidate();
if (dialog == null) {
dialog = new AttrsDialog(getContext());
dialog.setAttrDialogCallback(new AttrsDialog.AttrDialogCallback() {
@Override
public void enableMove() {
mode = new MoveMode();
dialog.dismiss();
}
@Override
public void showValidViews(int position, boolean isChecked) {
int positionStart = position + 1;
if (isChecked) {
dialog.notifyValidViewItemInserted(positionStart, getTargetElements(lastX, lastY), targetElement);
} else {
dialog.notifyItemRangeRemoved(positionStart);
}
}
@Override
public void selectView(Element element) {
targetElement = element;
dialog.dismiss();
dialog.show(targetElement);
}
});
dialog.setOnDismissListener(new DialogInterface.OnDismissListener() {
@Override
public void onDismiss(DialogInterface dialog) {
if (targetElement != null) {
targetElement.reset();
invalidate();
}
}
});
}
dialog.show(targetElement);
}
}
}
//当移动某个控件位置时 会调用 triggerActionMove 方法
class MoveMode implements IMode {
@Override
public void triggerActionMove(MotionEvent event) {
if (targetElement != null) {
boolean changed = false;
View view = targetElement.getView();
float diffX = event.getX() - lastX;
if (Math.abs(diffX) >= moveUnit) {
view.setTranslationX(view.getTranslationX() + diffX);
lastX = event.getX();
changed = true;
}
float diffY = event.getY() - lastY;
if (Math.abs(diffY) >= moveUnit) {
view.setTranslationY(view.getTranslationY() + diffY);
lastY = event.getY();
changed = true;
}
if (changed) {
targetElement.reset();
invalidate();
}
}
}
}
这里抽象出公共的行为,不同行为操作单独处理实现,代码很简洁。从上面可以看到,在点击控件的时候,有一个AttrsDialog
弹窗显示,也就是我们看到的显示控件实现的dialog,瞅瞅瞅瞅~
重点看下列表的adapter实现:
public void notifyDataSetChanged(Element element) {
items.clear();
for (String attrsProvider : UETool.getInstance().getAttrsProvider()) {
try {
IAttrs attrs = (IAttrs) Class.forName(attrsProvider).newInstance();
items.addAll(attrs.getAttrs(element));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
当adapter的notifyDataSetChanged
方法执行时,会从UETool.getInstance().getAttrsProvider()
这里来拿我们希望支持的属性,框架默认支持了一部分基础属性,我们也可以通过UETool.putAttrsProviderClass(String customizeClassName)
来添加自定义支持的属性。先看下默认支持的怎么处理的:
private Set<String> attrsProviderSet = new LinkedHashSet<String>() {
{
add(UETCore.class.getName());
}
};
UETCore.java
@Override
public List<Item> getAttrs(Element element) {
List<Item> items = new ArrayList<>();
View view = element.getView();
items.add(new SwitchItem("Move", element, SwitchItem.Type.TYPE_MOVE));
items.add(new SwitchItem("ValidViews", element, SwitchItem.Type.TYPE_SHOW_VALID_VIEWS));
IAttrs iAttrs = AttrsManager.createAttrs(view);
if (iAttrs != null) {
items.addAll(iAttrs.getAttrs(element));
}
items.add(new TitleItem("COMMON"));
items.add(new TextItem("Class", view.getClass().getName()));
items.add(new TextItem("Id", Util.getResId(view)));
items.add(new TextItem("ResName", Util.getResourceName(view.getId())));
items.add(new TextItem("Clickable", Boolean.toString(view.isClickable()).toUpperCase()));
items.add(new TextItem("Focused", Boolean.toString(view.isFocused()).toUpperCase()));
items.add(new AddMinusEditItem("Width(dp)", element, EditTextItem.Type.TYPE_WIDTH, px2dip(view.getWidth())));
items.add(new AddMinusEditItem("Height(dp)", element, EditTextItem.Type.TYPE_HEIGHT, px2dip(view.getHeight())));
items.add(new TextItem("Alpha", String.valueOf(view.getAlpha())));
Object background = Util.getBackground(view);
if (background instanceof String) {
items.add(new TextItem("Background", (String) background));
} else if (background instanceof Bitmap) {
items.add(new BitmapItem("Background", (Bitmap) background));
}
items.add(new AddMinusEditItem("PaddingLeft(dp)", element, EditTextItem.Type.TYPE_PADDING_LEFT, px2dip(view.getPaddingLeft())));
items.add(new AddMinusEditItem("PaddingRight(dp)", element, EditTextItem.Type.TYPE_PADDING_RIGHT, px2dip(view.getPaddingRight())));
items.add(new AddMinusEditItem("PaddingTop(dp)", element, EditTextItem.Type.TYPE_PADDING_TOP, px2dip(view.getPaddingTop())));
items.add(new AddMinusEditItem("PaddingBottom(dp)", element, EditTextItem.Type.TYPE_PADDING_BOTTOM, px2dip(view.getPaddingBottom())));
return items;
}
static class AttrsManager {
public static IAttrs createAttrs(View view) {
if (view instanceof TextView) {
return new UETTextView();
} else if (view instanceof ImageView) {
return new UETImageView();
}
return null;
}
}
到这里基本就清楚了,将我们支持的控件属性逐一添加进来,用instanceof
判断具体的控件后取出相应控件属性显示,后面的处理就比较简单了。
再看RelativePositionLayout
,主要就是再手指点击后查找当前位置View,并在当前View的Canvas上绘制标记线:
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
switch (event.getAction()) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
final Element element = getTargetElement(event.getX(), event.getY());
if (element != null) {
relativeElements[searchCount % elementsNum] = element;
searchCount++;
invalidate();
}
break;
}
return true;
}
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
super.onDraw(canvas);
boolean doubleNotNull = true;
for (Element element : relativeElements) {
if (element != null) {
Rect rect = element.getRect();
canvas.drawLine(0, rect.top, screenWidth, rect.top, dashLinePaint);
canvas.drawLine(0, rect.bottom, screenWidth, rect.bottom, dashLinePaint);
canvas.drawLine(rect.left, 0, rect.left, screenHeight, dashLinePaint);
canvas.drawLine(rect.right, 0, rect.right, screenHeight, dashLinePaint);
canvas.drawRect(rect, areaPaint);
} else {
doubleNotNull = false;
}
}
if (doubleNotNull) {
Rect firstRect = relativeElements[searchCount % elementsNum].getRect();
Rect secondRect = relativeElements[(searchCount - 1) % elementsNum].getRect();
if (secondRect.top > firstRect.bottom) {
int x = secondRect.left + secondRect.width() / 2;
drawLineWithText(canvas, x, firstRect.bottom, x, secondRect.top);
}
if (firstRect.top > secondRect.bottom) {
int x = secondRect.left + secondRect.width() / 2;
drawLineWithText(canvas, x, secondRect.bottom, x, firstRect.top);
}
if (secondRect.left > firstRect.right) {
int y = secondRect.top + secondRect.height() / 2;
drawLineWithText(canvas, secondRect.left, y, firstRect.right, y);
}
if (firstRect.left > secondRect.right) {
int y = secondRect.top + secondRect.height() / 2;
drawLineWithText(canvas, secondRect.right, y, firstRect.left, y);
}
drawNestedAreaLine(canvas, firstRect, secondRect);
drawNestedAreaLine(canvas, secondRect, firstRect);
}
}
重点在于getTargetElement
方法查找到当前点击的子View:
protected Element getTargetElement(float x, float y) {
Element target = null;
for (int i = elements.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
final Element element = elements.get(i);
if (element.getRect().contains((int) x, (int) y)) {
//如果父控件超出屏幕不显示 跳过
if (isParentNotVisible(element.getParentElement())) {
continue;
}
if (element != childElement) {
childElement = element;
parentElement = element;
} else if (parentElement != null) {
parentElement = parentElement.getParentElement();
}
target = parentElement;
break;
}
}
if (target == null) {
Toast.makeText(getContext(), String.format("could not found view in (%1$.0f , %2$.0f), please select view again", x, y), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
return target;
}
最后的GriddingLayout
是用来展示栅格化布局的,方便查看控件是否对齐,这个就很简单了,看下:
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
super.onDraw(canvas);
int startX = 0;
while (startX < screenWidth) {
//画竖线
canvas.drawLine(startX, 0, startX, screenHeight, paint);
startX = startX + LINE_INTERVAL;
}
int startY = 0;
while (startY < screenHeight) {
//画横线
canvas.drawLine(0, startY, screenWidth, startY, paint);
startY = startY + LINE_INTERVAL;
}
}
呼~~终于把整个流程梳理完了,UETool
的原理流程梳理完了,那我们要开始改造了。
###二、UETool框架的实现思路梳理
我们的目标是在任何已安装的app中可以像UETool
一样查看布局属性来使用。从正常思路来想的话,这基本是不可能的,除非我们反编译apk,将UETool的代码编译后插入重打包,或者使用Xposed的框架来hook。理论上讲我们也只能从这里想办法了,但有个很致命的问题就是,前者我们必须要反编译代码,后者又必须要手机root。而且一个apk反编译一次,我们仅仅是想看下布局属性,能不能简单点?操作的方式简单点?
基于这些情况,在这里我们用VirtualApp
来做底层框架,用于免root加载apk,在其加载apk运行后进行hook插入UETool
代码。关于VirtualApp
,这是一个开源的插件化方案。
VirtualApp在你的App内创建一个虚拟空间,你可以在虚拟空间内任意的安装、启动和卸载APK,这一切都与外部隔离,如同一个沙盒。运行在VA中的APK无需在外部安装,即VA支持免安装运行APK。
注意:作者明确指出,如果项目需要投入商业使用,请购买「商业版」。我们这里仅做技术学习使用哈~
我们在VirtualApp
启动apk之后的回调MyComponentDelegate
,它会回调一系列生命周期方法。
void beforeApplicationCreate(Application application);
void afterApplicationCreate(Application application);
void beforeActivityCreate(Activity activity);
void beforeActivityResume(Activity activity);
void beforeActivityPause(Activity activity);
void beforeActivityDestroy(Activity activity);
void afterActivityCreate(Activity activity);
void afterActivityResume(Activity activity);
void afterActivityPause(Activity activity);
void afterActivityDestroy(Activity activity);
void onSendBroadcast(Intent intent);
1.由于我们的UETool Menu是在Virtual进程中,而我们需要真正执行操作时是在每个apk进程中,如果在两个进程中进行消息传递?
进程间通信最简单的是通过广播BroadCastReceiver
来做,但由于Virtual
机制的原因,我们在apk进程内部回调中动态注册的广播无法收到
在外部进程的广播消息。这里切换了一下思路,通过使用FileObserver
来监听文件的变化来实现消息的传递,在apk进程内我们开启FileObserver
监听指定文件夹中文件变化,来执行对应的操作。
2.由于三方apk并没有加载UETool的资源res,也就是说通过R.layout、R.id、R.xx都会产生无法找到资源异常
这里操作是替换掉所有R文件相关操作,通过手动创建控件的方式处理。
3.由于三方apk并没有
TransparentActivity
在AndroidManifest.xml
中注册,启动Activity
会报异常
这里我移除了TransparentActivity
,不启动新Activity
,通过在当前布局中添加新布局的方式处理,规避Activity
注册问题。
View view = Util.getCurrentView(activity);
ViewGroup viewGroup = null;
if (view instanceof ViewGroup){
viewGroup = (ViewGroup) view;
}
if (viewGroup != null){
View viewWithTag = viewGroup.findViewWithTag(EXTRA_TYPE);
if (viewWithTag != null){
viewGroup.removeView(viewWithTag);
}
vContainer.setTag(EXTRA_TYPE);
vContainer.setFocusable(false);
vContainer.setFocusableInTouchMode(false);
viewGroup.addView(vContainer,new ViewGroup.LayoutParams(viewGroup.getWidth(),viewGroup.getHeight()));
}
至此,修改后的UETool
集成进VirtualApp
中,在我们拖入app启动后,就可在三方app中正常使用UETool
啦,至于用来做什么就取决于你的想象力了,比如设计师可以拿来参考优秀app的布局设计,前端工程师可以拿来参考其他app页面效果的实现方式,当然你也可以修改下账户显示余额吹吹牛…
感兴趣的小伙伴可以下载体验下哈,Github地址在这里:VirtualUETool。