Android studio快速开发ORMLite

时间:2024-03-21 10:21:03

前言

android开发中,免不了使用数据库,使用第三方开源框架,能够极大的提高我们的开发效率

本文使用ORMLite数据库,开发工具使用Android studio

一、环境变量配置

 1.使用jar包,分别下载ormlite-android-5.0.jar和ormlite-core-5.0.jar(去下载),放到libs目录下;

  2.使用gradle,如下图

Android studio快速开发ORMLite

二、项目目录说明

Android studio快速开发ORMLite


--bean:bean包下为实体类,每一个实体对应一个数据库表,如User.java对应数据库的tb_user表,bean下有几个实体类就有几个数据库表

--db:db包下为数据库操作封装,DatabseHelper是一个单利模式,对外只提供一个对象,地位相当于于数据库中的SQLiteOpenHelper,XXDao封装了对数据库的操作,如UserDao操作User表,增删改查

--utils:utils包下为日志输出工具

---AndroidTest:AndroidTest下对数据库进行测试用例分析

三、项目代码

3.1:编写Bean类

@DatabaseTable(tableName = "tb_article")
public class Article
{
   @DatabaseField(generatedId = true)
   private int id;
   @DatabaseField
   private String title;
   @DatabaseField(canBeNull = true, foreign = true, columnName = "user_id", foreignAutoRefresh = true)
   private User user;

   public int getId()
   {
      return id;
   }

   public void setId(int id)
   {
      this.id = id;
   }

   public String getTitle()
   {
      return title;
   }

   public void setTitle(String title)
   {
      this.title = title;
   }

   public User getUser()
   {
      return user;
   }

   public void setUser(User user)
   {
      this.user = user;
   }

   @Override
   public String toString()
   {
      return "Article [id=" + id + ", title=" + title + ", user=" + user
            + "]";
   }

}
首先在User类上添加@DatabaseTable(tableName = "tb_article"),标明这是数据库中的一张表,标明为tb_article

然后分别在属性上添加@DatabaseField(columnName = "name") ,columnName的值为该字段在数据中的列名

@DatabaseField(generatedId = true) ,generatedId 表示id为主键且自动生成


3.2: 编写Dao类

3.2.1 编写DatabaseHelper

public class DatabaseHelper extends OrmLiteSqliteOpenHelper {
    private static final String TABLE_NAME = "sqlite-test.db";

    private Map<String, Dao> daos = new HashMap<String, Dao>();

    private DatabaseHelper(Context context) {
        super(context, TABLE_NAME, null, 4);
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase database,
                         ConnectionSource connectionSource) {
        try {
            TableUtils.createTable(connectionSource, User.class);
            TableUtils.createTable(connectionSource, Article.class);
            TableUtils.createTable(connectionSource, Student.class);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase database,
                          ConnectionSource connectionSource, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
        try {
            TableUtils.dropTable(connectionSource, User.class, true);
            TableUtils.dropTable(connectionSource, Article.class, true);
            TableUtils.dropTable(connectionSource, Student.class, true);
            onCreate(database, connectionSource);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private static DatabaseHelper instance;

    /**
     * 单例获取该Helper
     *
     * @param context
     * @return
     */
    public static synchronized DatabaseHelper getHelper(Context context) {
        context = context.getApplicationContext();
        if (instance == null) {
            synchronized (DatabaseHelper.class) {
                if (instance == null)
                    instance = new DatabaseHelper(context);
            }
        }

        return instance;
    }

    public synchronized Dao getDao(Class clazz) throws SQLException {
        Dao dao = null;
        String className = clazz.getSimpleName();

        if (daos.containsKey(className)) {
            dao = daos.get(className);
        }
        if (dao == null) {
            dao = super.getDao(clazz);
            daos.put(className, dao);
        }
        return dao;
    }

    /**
     * 释放资源
     */
    @Override
    public void close() {
        super.close();

        for (String key : daos.keySet()) {
            Dao dao = daos.get(key);
            dao = null;
        }
    }

}

DatabaseHelper继承OrmLiteSqliteOpenHelper,其实就是间接继承了SQLiteOpenHelper

然后需要实现两个方法:

1、onCreate(SQLiteDatabase database,ConnectionSource connectionSource)

创建表,我们直接使用ormlite提供的TableUtils.createTable(connectionSource, User.class);进行创建~

2、onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase database, ConnectionSource connectionSource, int oldVersion, int newVersion)

更新表,使用ormlite提供的TableUtils.dropTable(connectionSource, User.class, true);进行删除操作~

删除完成后,别忘了,创建操作:onCreate(database, connectionSource);


3.2.2 编写XXDao

public class ArticleDao {
    private Dao<Article, Integer> articleDaoOpe;
    private DatabaseHelper helper;

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public ArticleDao(Context context) {
        try {
            helper = DatabaseHelper.getHelper(context);
            articleDaoOpe = helper.getDao(Article.class);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 添加一个Article
     *
     * @param article
     */
    public void add(Article article) {
        try {
            articleDaoOpe.create(article);
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 通过Id得到一个Article
     *
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public Article getArticleWithUser(int id) {
        Article article = null;
        try {
            article = articleDaoOpe.queryForId(id);
            helper.getDao(User.class).refresh(article.getUser());

        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return article;
    }

    /**
     * 通过Id得到一篇文章
     *
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    public Article get(int id) {
        Article article = null;
        try {
            article = articleDaoOpe.queryForId(id);

        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return article;
    }

    /**
     * 通过UserId获取所有的文章
     *
     * @param userId
     * @return
     */
    public List<Article> listByUserId(int userId) {
        try {
            return articleDaoOpe.queryBuilder().where().eq("user_id", userId)
                    .query();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }
}
此类处理Bean对应的事件,如增删改查等

四、对数据库进行单元测试

Android studio快速开发ORMLite

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