C - 将结构的固定大小向量转换为动态分配

In the following ANSI C code, how could I convert the vector conns[] from fixed-size into dynamically allocated (i.e., perhaps by using malloc() and free() functions)?

在下面的ANSI C代码中，我如何将vector conns []从fixed-size转换为动态分配（即，可能通过使用malloc（）和free（）函数）？

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "libpq-fe.h"

#define MAX_DATABASES 20

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    PGconn *conns[MAX_DATABASES]; // fixed-size vector
    int i, ndbs;

    ndbs = 3; // this value may vary

    memset(conns, 0, sizeof(conns));

    // instantiate connections
    for (i = 0; i < ndbs; i++) {
        conns[i] = PQconnectdb("dbname=template1");
    }

    // release connections
    for (i = 0; i < ndbs; i++) {
        fprintf(stdout, "%d) %p\n", i + 1, conns[i]);
        if (conns[i])
            PQfinish(conns[i]);
        conns[i] = NULL;
    }

    return 0;
}

The PGconn type is actually a typedef struct imported from /src/interfaces/libpq/libpq-fe.h:

PGconn类型实际上是从/src/interfaces/libpq/libpq-fe.h导入的typedef结构：

typedef struct pg_conn PGconn;

The pg_conn is a struct found in /src/interfaces/libpq/libpq-int.h:

pg_conn是/src/interfaces/libpq/libpq-int.h中的结构：

struct pg_conn
{
    char *pghost;
    char *pghostaddr;
    char *pgport;
    char *pgunixsocket;
    ...
};

The code above works successfully, despite being fixed-size. It can be compiled with the following instruction (PostgreSQL sources needed):

上面的代码成功运行，尽管是固定大小的。它可以使用以下指令编译（需要PostgreSQL源代码）：

gcc -I/usr/src/postgresql-9.3/src/interfaces/libpq -I/usr/src/postgresql-9.3/src/include pqc.c -L/usr/src/postgresql-9.3/src/interfaces/libpq -lpq -lpthread -o pqc

2 个解决方案

#1

You can do it like this

你可以这样做

PGconn **connections;
size_t number_of_connections;

number_of_connections = 10; // Do not exceed max_connections 
                            // from postgresql.conf 
                            // (default 100)
connections = malloc(number_of_connections * sizeof(*connections));
if (connections == NULL)
    return -1; // Allocation error, cannot continue
for (size_t i = 0 ; i < number_of_connections ; ++i)
    connections[i] = PQconnectdb("dbname=template1");
// Do whatever you want with connections, and free
for (size_t i = 0 ; i < number_of_connections ; ++i)
    PQfinish(connections[i]);
free(connections);

You don't need to set all the pointers to NULL, they will automatically be set if PQconnectdb() fails, so you can check that before trying to use the connection.

您不需要将所有指针都设置为NULL，如果PQconnectdb（）失败，它们将自动设置，因此您可以在尝试使用连接之前检查它们。

#2

You don't have to change much, just use calloc:

你不必改变太多，只需使用calloc：

PGconn** conns = calloc(MAX_DATABASES, sizeof(PGConn *));

and then remember to free(conns) in the end.

然后记得最后释放（conns）。

You don't need memset() as calloc() will already initialize the array with 0s.

你不需要memset（），因为calloc（）已经用0s初始化数组。

#1