摘要
上篇文章介绍了如何为ftp添加虚拟用户，本篇将继续实践如何上传，下载文件。
上传
使用xftp客户端上传文件，如图所示
此时上传状态报错，查看详情
从错误看出是应为无法创建文件造成的。那么我们就要修改ftp服务器的配置了。
授权
chmod 755 /opt/test_ftp // 给予文件夹的操作权限
一般创建一个ftp 用户，作为管理员只希望它只能访问其自己的所属目录的，是不会让他选择其他目录的。
设置ftp用户的权限
在安装好ftp时，在 /etc/vsftpd目录下可以看到vsftpd的配置文件vsftpd.conf
进入目录
cd /etc/vsftpd
查看列表
ls
编辑配置文件
vi vsftpd.conf
将用户(一般指虚拟用户)限制在自家目录
修改配置文件中,这样用户就只能访问自己家的目录了:
chroot_local_user=yes
重启ftp
service vsftpd restart
使用xftp客户端，进行尝试。
ftp配置文件
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf # # The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file # loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable. # Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults. # # READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options. # Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd\'s # capabilities. # # Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out). anonymous_enable=YES # # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in. local_enable=YES # # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command. write_enable=YES # # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022, # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd\'s) local_umask=022 # # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user. anon_upload_enable=YES # # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create # new directories. anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES # # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they # go into a certain directory. dirmessage_enable=YES # # The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file. # This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter xferlog_enable=YES # # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data). connect_from_port_20=YES # # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not # recommended! #chown_uploads=YES #chown_username=whoever # # The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES # WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log #xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog # # Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files. # NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file xferlog_std_format=YES # # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session. idle_session_timeout=600 # # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection. data_connection_timeout=120 # # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user. #nopriv_user=ftpsecure # # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it, # however, may confuse older FTP clients. #async_abor_enable=YES # # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII # mangling on files when in ASCII mode. # Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service # attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd # predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the # raw file. # ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol. ascii_upload_enable=YES ascii_download_enable=YES # # You may fully customise the login banner string: ftpd_banner=Welcome to Ftp service. # # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks. #deny_email_enable=YES # (default follows) #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails # # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of # users to NOT chroot(). chroot_local_user=YES chroot_list_enable=YES # (default follows) chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list # # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it. #ls_recurse_enable=YES # # When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and # listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction # with the listen_ipv6 directive. listen=YES # # This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6 # sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files. # Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !! #listen_ipv6=YES pam_service_name=vsftpd userlist_enable=YES anon_other_write_enable=YES tcp_wrappers=YES anon_root=/opt/test_ftp guest_enable=YES guest_username=wolfyftp virtual_use_local_privs=YES
设置权限
使用命令
getsebool -a|grep ftp
getsebool，列出所有selinux bool数值清单列表与内容。
allow_ftpd_anon_write --> on
allow_ftpd_full_access --> off
开启 anon_write 和full_access
setsebool allow_ftpd_anon_write 1
etsebool allow_ftpd_full_access 1
重启ftp服务
service vsftpd restart
测试
在本地使用xftp客户端进行上传，下载，删除，重命名，操作。如图
总结
设置权限，感觉只需配置文件中配置对了，然后将full_access 设置为1 就可以了。