matlab创建GUI
方法1:使用GUIDE菜单式操作
在matlab中输入guide，可以打开guide创建GUI的图形界面，按菜单操作即可
注：matlab未来版本可能会取消掉这种方式
方法2:编写代码创建GUI
下面是一个简单的以代码方式创建GUI的例子，其中关键的一些点包括
1. 创建一个figure object作为container
2. 通过`uicontrol`创建container内的控件，通过`\'Callback\'`属性关联回调函数
3. 回调函数参数一般是由两部分组成`(source,eventdata,handles)`，分别表示引起回调产生的控件的handle和(点击)事件的数据
function simple_gui2
% SIMPLE_GUI2 Select a data set from the pop-up menu, then
% click one of the plot-type push buttons. Clicking the button
% plots the selected data in the axes.
% Create and then hide the UI as it is being constructed.
f = figure(\'Visible\',\'off\',\'Position\',[360,200,450,285]);
% Construct the components.
hsurf = uicontrol(\'Style\',\'pushbutton\',\'String\',\'Surf\',...
\'Position\',[315,220,70,25],...
\'Callback\',{@surfbutton_Callback});
hmesh = uicontrol(\'Style\',\'pushbutton\',...
\'String\',\'Mesh\',\'Position\',[315,180,70,25],...
\'Callback\',@meshbutton_Callback);
hcontour = uicontrol(\'Style\',\'pushbutton\',...
\'String\',\'Contour\',\'Position\',[315,135,70,25],...
\'Callback\',@contourbutton_Callback);
htext = uicontrol(\'Style\',\'text\',\'String\',\'Select Data\',...
\'Position\',[325,90,60,15]);
hpopup = uicontrol(\'Style\',\'popupmenu\',...
\'String\',{\'Peaks\',\'Membrane\',\'Sinc\'},...
\'Position\',[300,50,100,25],...
\'Callback\',@popup_menu_Callback);
ha = axes(\'Units\',\'pixels\',\'Position\',[50,60,200,185]);
align([hsurf,hmesh,hcontour,htext,hpopup],\'Center\',\'None\');
% Initialize the UI.
% Change units to normalized so components resize automatically.
f.Units = \'normalized\';
ha.Units = \'normalized\';
hsurf.Units = \'normalized\';
hmesh.Units = \'normalized\';
hcontour.Units = \'normalized\';
htext.Units = \'normalized\';
hpopup.Units = \'normalized\';
% Generate the data to plot.
peaks_data = peaks(35);
membrane_data = membrane;
[x,y] = meshgrid(-8:.5:8);
r = sqrt(x.^2+y.^2) + eps;
sinc_data = sin(r)./r;
% Create a plot in the axes.
current_data = peaks_data;
surf(current_data);
% Assign a name to appear in the window title.
f.Name = \'Simple GUI\';
% Move the window to the center of the screen.
movegui(f,\'center\')
% Make the UI visible.
f.Visible = \'on\';
% Pop-up menu callback. Read the pop-up menu Value property to
% determine which item is currently displayed and make it the
% current data. This callback automatically has access to
% current_data because this function is nested at a lower level.
function popup_menu_Callback(source,eventdata)
% Determine the selected data set.
str = source.String;
val = source.Value;
% Set current data to the selected data set.
switch str{val};
case \'Peaks\' % User selects Peaks.
current_data = peaks_data;
case \'Membrane\' % User selects Membrane.
current_data = membrane_data;
case \'Sinc\' % User selects Sinc.
current_data = sinc_data;
end
end
% Push button callbacks. Each callback plots current_data in the
% specified plot type.
function surfbutton_Callback(source,eventdata)
% Display surf plot of the currently selected data.
surf(current_data);
end
function meshbutton_Callback(source,eventdata)
% Display mesh plot of the currently selected data.
mesh(current_data);
end
function contourbutton_Callback(source,eventdata)
% Display contour plot of the currently selected data.
contour(current_data);
end
end
GUI展示
方法3:利用AppDesigner
和方法一的Guide类似
总结
我们有三种不同方式在matlab中创建简单的GUI程序，其中比较推荐的是使用编程的方式。GUI编程的主要思想是面向对象编程，每个对象有自己的方法和属性，我们可以通过对象的句柄操作该对象，在GUI编程中还往往用到事件(比如点击事件)和回调函数，某一事件发生时，GUI内部调用相应的回调函数，从而展示新的输入，达到交互式的效果，当然在更复杂的GUI系统中还需要更多精细的设计
