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实例：
1.项目结构
2.pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>org.spring</groupId>
<artifactId>Spring-AOP-API</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Spring-AOP-API Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties>
<spring.version>4.3.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties> <dependencies>
<!-- junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring Core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies> <build>
<finalName>Spring-AOP-API</finalName>
</build>
</project>
3.BizLogic.java
package org.spring.aop.api;
public interface BizLogic {
String save();
String saveEx();
}
4.BizLogicImpl.java
package org.spring.aop.api;
public class BizLogicImpl implements BizLogic {
public String save() {
System.out.println("BizLogicImpl:BizLogicImpl save.");
return "BizLogicImpl save";
}
public String saveEx() {
System.out.println("BizLogicImpl:BizLogicImpl save.");
throw new RuntimeException();
}
}
5.CustomBeforeAdvice
package org.spring.aop.api;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice;
public class CustomBeforeAdvice implements MethodBeforeAdvice {
public void before(Method method, Object[] args, Object target) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("CustomBeforeAdvice:" + method.getName() + " " +
target.getClass().getName());
}
}
6.CustomAfterReturnAdvice.java
package org.spring.aop.api;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.springframework.aop.AfterReturningAdvice;
public class CustomAfterReturnAdvice implements AfterReturningAdvice {
public void afterReturning(Object returnValue, Method method, Object[] args, Object target)
throws Throwable {
System.out.println("CustomAfterReturnAdvice:" + method.getName() + " "
+ target.getClass().getName() + " " + returnValue);
}
}
7.CustomThrowsAdvice.java
package org.spring.aop.api;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.springframework.aop.ThrowsAdvice;
public class CustomThrowsAdvice implements ThrowsAdvice {
public void afterThrowing(Exception ex) throws Throwable {
System.out.println("CustomThrowsAdvice afterThrowing 1");
}
public void afterThrowing(Method method, Object[] args, Object target, Exception ex)
throws Throwable {
System.out.println("CustomThrowsAdvice afterThrowing 2:" + method.getName() + " "
+ target.getClass().getName());
}
}
8.CustomMethodInterceptor.java
package org.spring.aop.api; import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation; public class CustomMethodInterceptor implements MethodInterceptor { public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable { System.out.println("CustomMethodInterceptor 1:" + invocation.getMethod().getName()
+ " " + invocation.getStaticPart().getClass().getName());
Object obj = invocation.proceed();
System.out.println("CustomMethodInterceptor 2:" + obj);
return obj; } }
9.Lockable.java
package org.spring.aop.api.introduction; /**
* 接口
*
*/
public interface Lockable { void lock(); void unlock(); boolean locked(); }
10.LockMixin.java
package org.spring.aop.api.introduction; import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation;
import org.springframework.aop.support.DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor; /**
* 实现类
*
*/
public class LockMixin extends DelegatingIntroductionInterceptor implements Lockable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private boolean locked; public void lock() { this.locked = true; } public void unlock() { this.locked = false; } public boolean locked() { return this.locked; } /**
* 被锁定后不能使用setter方法改变值
*/
@Override
public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable { if(locked && invocation.getMethod().getName().indexOf("set") == 0){
throw new RuntimeException();
}
return super.invoke(invocation); } }
11.LockMixinAdvisor.java
package org.spring.aop.api.introduction; import org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultIntroductionAdvisor; /**
* Introduction，在不改变代码的情况下，添加一个父类
*
*/
public class LockMixinAdvisor extends DefaultIntroductionAdvisor { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; public LockMixinAdvisor() { super(new LockMixin(), Lockable.class); } }
12.Spring-aop-api.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <!-- Before advice
-一个简单的通知类型
-只是进方法之前被调用，不需要MethodInvocation对象
-前置通知可以在连接点执行之前插入自定义行为，但不能改变返回值
-->
<bean id="customBeforeAdvice" class="org.spring.aop.api.CustomBeforeAdvice"/> <!-- Throws advice
-如果连接点抛出异常，throws advice在连接点返回后被调用
-如果throws-advice的方法抛出异常，那么它将覆盖原有异常
-接口org.springframework.aop.ThrowsAdvice不包含任何方法，仅仅是一个声明，实现类需要实现类似下面的方法
-void afterThrowing([Method, args, target], ThrowableSubclass)
-->
<bean id="customThrowsAdvice" class="org.spring.aop.api.CustomThrowsAdvice"/> <!-- After Returning advice
-后置通知必须实现org.springframework.aop.AfterReturningAdvice几口
-可以访问返回值(但不能进行修改)、被调用的方法、方法的参数和目标
-如果抛出异常，将会抛出拦截器链，替代返回值
-->
<bean id="customAfterReturnAdvice" class="org.spring.aop.api.CustomAfterReturnAdvice"/> <!-- Interception around advice
-Spring的切入点模型使得切入点可以独立与advice重用，以针对不同的advice可以使用相同的切入点
-->
<bean id="customMethodInterceptor" class="org.spring.aop.api.CustomMethodInterceptor"/> <!-- Introduction advice
-Spring把引入通知作为一种特殊的拦截通知
-需要IntroductionAdvisor和IntroductionInterceptor
-仅适用于类，不能和任何切入点一起使用
-实例：如果调用lock()方法，希望所有的setter方法抛出LockedException异常。
-代码：Lockalbe.java LockMixin.java LockMixinAdvisor.java
-->
<!-- Advisor API
-Advisor是仅包含一个切入点表达式关联的单个通知的方面
-除了introductions，advisor可以用于任何通知
-org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultIntroductionAdvisor是最常用的advisor类，
它可以与MethodInterceptor，BeforeAdvice或者ThrowsAdvice一起使用
-它可以混合在Spring同一个AOP代理的advisor和advice
--> <!-- 当使用方式三时，屏蔽该bean的定义 -->
<!-- <bean id="bizLogicImplTarget" class="org.spring.aop.api.BizLogicImpl"/> --> <!-- ###########################方式一：使用pointcutBean开始############################# -->
<!-- 根据方法名匹配切入点pointcut -->
<!-- <bean id="pointcutBean" class="org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcut">
<property name="mappedNames">成员变量，匹配的方法名集合
<list>
<value>sa*</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean> <bean id="defaultAdvisor" class="org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor">
<property name="advice" ref="customBeforeAdvice"/>接入点通知，若非接入点，则该通知不生效
<property name="pointcut" ref="pointcutBean"/>接入点
</bean> --> <!-- ProxyFactoryBean
-创建Spring AOP代理的基本方法是使用org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean
-这可以完全控制切入点和通知(advice)以及它们的顺序
-ProxyFactoryBean实现里getObject()方法创建一个AOP代理包装一个目标对象
-使用ProxyFactoryBean或者其它IOC相关类来创建AOP代理的最重要的好处是通知和切入点也可以由IOC来管理
-被代理类没有实现任何接口，使用CGLIB代理，否则JDK代理
-通过设置proxyTargetClass为true，可强制使用CGLIB
-如果目标类实现了一个(或者多个)接口，那么创建代理的类型将依赖ProxyFactoryBean的配置
-如果ProxyFactoryBean的proxyInterfaces属性设置为一个或多个全限定接口名，基于JDK的代理将被创建
-如果ProxyFactoryBean的proxyInterfaces属性没有被设置，但是目标类实现了一个(或者更多)接口，那么proxyInterfaces
将自动检测到这个目标类已经实现了至少一个接口，创建一个基于JDK的代理
-->
<!-- <bean id="bizLogicImpl" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="target">为该类创建代理，由ProxyFactoryBean自己去判断是否实现了接口
<ref bean="bizLogicImplTarget"/>
</property>
<property name="interceptorNames">执行该代理的时候执行的interceptor
<list>
<value>defaultAdvisor</value>
<value>customAfterReturnAdvice</value>
<value>customMethodInterceptor</value>
<value>customThrowsAdvice</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean> -->
<!-- ###############################方式一结束######################################### -->
<!-- ############################方式二：使用pointcutBean开始############################ -->
<!-- <bean id="bizLogicImpl" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="proxyInterfaces">直接指定接口
<value>org.spring.aop.api.BizLogic</value>
</property>
<property name="target">为该类创建代理,因为直接指定了接口，所以肯定是使用JDK代理
<ref bean="bizLogicImplTarget"/>
</property>
<property name="interceptorNames">执行该代理的时候执行的interceptor
<list>
<value>customBeforeAdvice</value>
<value>customAfterReturnAdvice</value>
<value>customMethodInterceptor</value>
<value>customThrowsAdvice</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean> -->
<!-- ###############################方式二结束######################################### -->
<!-- ##############################方式三：使用匿名内部Bean############################### -->
<bean id="bizLogicImpl" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="proxyInterfaces"><!-- 直接指定接口 -->
<value>org.spring.aop.api.BizLogic</value>
</property>
<property name="target"><!-- 上面可以直接使用bean id获取bean对象，此时该bean对象没有被代理，配置的advice不会被执行 -->
<bean class="org.spring.aop.api.BizLogicImpl"/>
</property>
<property name="interceptorNames"><!-- 执行该代理的时候执行的interceptor -->
<list>
<value>customBeforeAdvice</value>
<value>customAfterReturnAdvice</value>
<value>customMethodInterceptor</value>
<value>customThrowsAdvice</value>
</list>
<!-- 使用global advisors
-用*做通配，匹配所有拦截器加入通知链
此处只会执行customMethodInterceptor，因为只有该advice实现了Interceptor接口
-->
<!-- <list>
<value>custom*</value>
</list> -->
</property>
</bean>
<!-- ###############################方式三结束######################################### -->
<!-- ##############################方式四：简化的proxy定义############################### -->
<!-- 简化的proxy定义
-使用父子bean定义以及内部bean定义，可能会带来更清洁和更简洁的代理定义
-->
<!-- <bean id="baseProxyBean" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean"
lazy-init="true" abstract="true"/> <bean id="bizLogicImpl" parent="baseProxyBean">
<property name="proxyInterfaces">直接指定接口
<value>org.spring.aop.api.BizLogic</value>
</property>
<property name="target">上面可以直接使用bean id获取bean对象，此时该bean对象没有被代理，配置的advice不会被执行
<bean class="org.spring.aop.api.BizLogicImpl"/>
</property>
<property name="interceptorNames">执行该代理的时候执行的interceptor
<list>
<value>customBeforeAdvice</value>
<value>customAfterReturnAdvice</value>
<value>customMethodInterceptor</value>
<value>customThrowsAdvice</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean> -->
<!-- ###############################方式四结束######################################### --> </beans>
13.TestBase.java
package org.spring.aop.api.test; import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils; public class TestBase { private ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context;
private String springXmlPath; /**
* 无参构造器
*/
public TestBase() { } /**
* 含参构造器，初始化spring配置文件路径
*
* @param springXmlPath
* spring配置文件路径
*/
public TestBase(String springXmlPath) { this.springXmlPath = springXmlPath; } /**
* 初始化spring配置文件并加载到IOC容器中
*/
@Before
public void before() { if(StringUtils.isEmpty(springXmlPath)) {
springXmlPath = "classpath:spring-*.xml";
}
context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(springXmlPath.split("[,\\s]+"));
context.start(); } /**
* 销毁IOC容器
*/
@After
public void after() { if(context != null){
context.destroy();
} } /**
* 根据bean ID获取bean对象
*
* @param beanId
* bean ID
* @return
*/
public Object getBean(String beanId) { return context.getBean(beanId); } }
14.TestSpringAOPAPI.java
package org.spring.aop.api.test; import org.junit.Test;
import org.spring.aop.api.BizLogic; public class TestSpringAOPAPI extends TestBase { /**
* 通过构造器初始化spring配置文件
*/
public TestSpringAOPAPI() { super("classpath:spring-aop-api.xml"); } /**
* 测试正常方法
*/
@Test
public void testSave() { BizLogic logic = (BizLogic) super.getBean("bizLogicImpl");
logic.save(); } /**
* 测试存在异常的方法
*/
@Test
public void testsaveEx() { BizLogic logic = (BizLogic) super.getBean("bizLogicImpl");
logic.saveEx(); } }
15.效果预览
15.1 执行testSave方法
15.2 执行testsaveEx方法
说明：其他几种方式已在spring-aop-api.xml中注明，可自行测试。
参考：http://www.imooc.com/video/4597