FastAPI框架
该框架的速度(天然支持异步)比一般的django和flask要快N多倍,号称可以比肩Go
使用该框架需要保证你的python解释器版本是3.6及以上
Ps:django3.X版本也支持异步,但是它的异步功能并没有真正的实现,还有很多bug
安装
pip3 install fastapi
pip3 install unicorn
基本使用
from fastapi import FastAPI
app = FastAPI()
@app.get('/') # 点get就支持get请求
def read_root():
return {"hello":'world'}
if __name__ == '__main__':
import uvicorn
uvicorn.run(app,host='127.0.0.1',port=8080)
模版渲染
fastapi本身是没有模版渲染功能的,需要你借助于第三方的模版工具
该框架默认情况下也是借助于jinja2来做模版渲染
安装jinja2
pip3 install jinja2
基本使用
from starlette.requests import Request
from fastapi import FastAPI
from starlette.templating import Jinja2Templates
app = FastAPI()
# 挂在模版文件夹
tmp = Jinja2Templates(directory='templates')
@app.get('/')
async def get_tmp(request:Request): # async加了就支持异步
return tmp.TemplateResponse('index.html',
{'request':request, # 一定要返回request
'args':'hello world' # 额外的参数可有可无
}
)
@app.get('/{item_id}/') # url后缀
async def get_item(request:Request,item_id):
return tmp.TemplateResponse('index.html',
{'request':request,
'kw':item_id
})
if __name__ == '__main__':
import uvicorn
uvicorn.run(app,host='127.0.0.1',port=8080)
form表单数据交互
基本数据
from starlette.requests import Request
from fastapi import FastAPI,Form
from starlette.templating import Jinja2Templates
app = FastAPI()
tmp = Jinja2Templates(directory='templates')
@app.get('/') # 接受get请求
async def get_user(request:Request):
return tmp.TemplateResponse('form.html',{'request':request})
@app.post('/user/') # 接受post请求
async def get_user(request:Request,
username:str=Form(...), # 直接去请求体里面获取username键对应的值并自动转化成字符串类型
pwd:int=Form(...) # 直接去请求体里面获取pwd键对应的值并自动转化成整型
):
print(username,type(username))
print(pwd,type(pwd))
return tmp.TemplateResponse('form.html',{
'request':request,
'username':username,
'pwd':pwd
})
if __name__ == '__main__':
import uvicorn
uvicorn.run(app,host='127.0.0.1',port=8080)
文件交互
from starlette.requests import Request
from fastapi import FastAPI, Form, File, UploadFile
from starlette.templating import Jinja2Templates
from typing import List
app = FastAPI()
tmp = Jinja2Templates(directory='templates')
@app.get('/') # 接受get请求
async def get_file(request: Request):
return tmp.TemplateResponse('file.html', {'request': request})
# 单个文件
@app.post('/file/') # 接受post请求
async def get_user(request: Request,
file: bytes = File(...),
file_obj: UploadFile = File(...),
info: str = Form(...)
):
return tmp.TemplateResponse('index.html', {
'request': request,
'file_size': len(file),
'file_name': file_obj.filename,
'info':info,
'file_content_type':file_obj.content_type
})
# 多个文件
@app.post('/files/')
async def get_files(request:Request,
files_list:List[bytes] = File(...), # [文件1的二进制数据,文件2的二进制数据]
files_obj_list:List[UploadFile]=File(...) # [file_obj1,file_obj2,....]
):
return tmp.TemplateResponse('index.html',
{'request':request,
'file_sizes':[len(file) for file in files_list],
'file_names':[file_obj.filename for file_obj in files_obj_list]
}
)
if __name__ == '__main__':
import uvicorn
uvicorn.run(app, host='127.0.0.1', port=8080)
静态文件配置
from starlette.staticfiles import StaticFiles
# 挂载静态文件夹
app.mount('/static',StaticFiles(directory='static'),name='static')
# 前端
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ url_for('static',path='/css/111.css') }}">
<script src="{{ url_for('static',path='/js/111.js') }}"></script>