RabbitMQ与.net core(三) fanout类型Exchange 与 消息的过期时间 与 队列的存活时间

时间：2024-01-22 18:26:01

上一篇我们讲了关于direct类型的Exchange，这一片我们来了解一下fanout类型的Exchange。

1.Exchange的fanout类型

fanout类型的Exchange的特点是会把消息发送给与之绑定的所有Queue中，我们来测试一下。代码如下

using RabbitMQ.Client;
using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace RabbitMQConsole
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
            factory.HostName = "39.**.**.**";
            factory.Port = 5672;
            factory.VirtualHost = "/";
            factory.UserName = "root";
            factory.Password = "root";

            var exchange = "change3";
            var route = "route2";
            var queue3 = "queue3";
            var queue4 = "queue4";
            var queue5 = "queue5";

            using (var connection = factory.CreateConnection())
            {
                using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
                {
                    channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchange, type: "fanout", durable: true, autoDelete: false);
                    channel.QueueDeclare(queue3, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false);
                    channel.QueueBind(queue3, exchange, queue3);

                    channel.QueueDeclare(queue4, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false);
                    channel.QueueBind(queue4, exchange, queue4);

                    channel.QueueDeclare(queue5, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false);
                    channel.QueueBind(queue5, exchange, queue5);

                  
                    var props = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
                    props.Persistent = true;
                    channel.BasicPublish(exchange, route, true, props, Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("hello rabbit"));

                }
            }
        }
    }
}

运行代码，去可视化工具中查看一下

消费其中的一个

using RabbitMQ.Client;
using RabbitMQ.Client.Events;
using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;

namespace RabbitMQClient
{
    class Program
    {
        private static readonly ConnectionFactory rabbitMqFactory = new ConnectionFactory()
        {
            HostName = "39.**.**.**",
            Port = 5672,
            UserName = "root",
            Password = "root",
            VirtualHost = "/"
        };
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var exchange = "change3";
            var route = "route2";
            var queue = "queue3";


            using (IConnection conn = rabbitMqFactory.CreateConnection())
            using (IModel channel = conn.CreateModel())
            {
                channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchange, "fanout", durable: true, autoDelete: false);
                channel.QueueDeclare(queue, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false);
                channel.QueueBind(queue, exchange, route);

                channel.BasicQos(prefetchSize: 0, prefetchCount: 50, global: false);
                EventingBasicConsumer consumer = new EventingBasicConsumer(channel);
                consumer.Received += (model, ea) =>
                {
                    Byte[] body = ea.Body;
                    String message = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(body);
                    Console.WriteLine( message+Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
                    channel.BasicAck(deliveryTag: ea.DeliveryTag, multiple: false);
                };

                channel.BasicConsume(queue: queue, autoAck: false, consumer: consumer);
                Console.ReadLine();
            }
        }
    }
}

结果如下

大家可以依次消费其他两个Queue，这里就不演示了

2.消息的过期时间

我们在发送一些消息的时候，有时希望给消息设置一下过期时间，我们可以通过两种方式来设置

2.1设置队列的过期时间

using RabbitMQ.Client;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace RabbitMQConsole
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
            factory.HostName = "39.**.**.**";
            factory.Port = 5672;
            factory.VirtualHost = "/";
            factory.UserName = "root";
            factory.Password = "root";

            var exchange = "change4";
            var route = "route2";
            var queue7 = "queue7";

            using (var connection = factory.CreateConnection())
            {
                using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
                {
                    channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchange, type: "fanout", durable: true, autoDelete: false);
　　　　　　　　　　　　//队列过期时间，单位毫秒
                    channel.QueueDeclare(queue7, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false,arguments:new Dictionary<string, object> { { "x-message-ttl", 8000 } });
                    channel.QueueBind(queue7, exchange, queue7);

                    var props = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
                    props.Persistent = true;
                    channel.BasicPublish(exchange, route, true, props, Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("hello rabbit"));

                }
            }
        }
    }
}

这样过8秒去Queue就看不到该消息了

2.2设置message的过期时间

using RabbitMQ.Client;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace RabbitMQConsole
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
            factory.HostName = "39.**.**.**";
            factory.Port = 5672;
            factory.VirtualHost = "/";
            factory.UserName = "root";
            factory.Password = "root";

            var exchange = "change4";
            var route = "route2";
            var queue7 = "queue7";

            using (var connection = factory.CreateConnection())
            {
                using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
                {
                    channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchange, type: "fanout", durable: true, autoDelete: false);
                    channel.QueueDeclare(queue7, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false,arguments:new Dictionary<string, object> { { "x-message-ttl", 8000 } });
                    channel.QueueBind(queue7, exchange, queue7);

                    var props = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
　　　　　　　　　　　　//message过期时间，单位毫秒
                    props.Expiration = "30000";
                    props.Persistent = true;
                    channel.BasicPublish(exchange, route, true, props, Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("hello rabbit"));

                }
            }
        }
    }
}

我们发现还是8秒就过期了，说明如果同时设置了队列与消息的过期时间，则按照队列的时间过期。我们把队列的过期时间去掉重新试一下。

using RabbitMQ.Client;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace RabbitMQConsole
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
            factory.HostName = "39.**.**.**";
            factory.Port = 5672;
            factory.VirtualHost = "/";
            factory.UserName = "root";
            factory.Password = "root";

            var exchange = "change4";
            var route = "route2";
            var queue7 = "queue7";

            using (var connection = factory.CreateConnection())
            {
                using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
                {
                    channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchange, type: "fanout", durable: true, autoDelete: false);
                    channel.QueueDeclare(queue7, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false);
                    channel.QueueBind(queue7, exchange, queue7);

                    var props = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
                    props.Expiration = "30000";
                    props.Persistent = true;
                    channel.BasicPublish(exchange, route, true, props, Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("hello rabbit"));

                }
            }
        }
    }
}

3.队列生存时间

我们还可以设置一个队列的生存时间

using RabbitMQ.Client;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace RabbitMQConsole
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
            factory.HostName = "39.**.**.**";
            factory.Port = 5672;
            factory.VirtualHost = "/";
            factory.UserName = "root";
            factory.Password = "root";

            var exchange = "change4";
            var route = "route2";
            var queue8 = "queue8";

            using (var connection = factory.CreateConnection())
            {
                using (var channel = connection.CreateModel())
                {
                    channel.ExchangeDeclare(exchange, type: "fanout", durable: true, autoDelete: false);
                    channel.QueueDeclare(queue8, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false,arguments: new Dictionary<string, object> {
                        { "x-expires",10000} //设置当前队列的过期时间为10000毫秒
                    });
                    channel.QueueBind(queue8, exchange, queue8);

                    var props = channel.CreateBasicProperties();
                    props.Persistent = true;
                    channel.BasicPublish(exchange, route, true, props, Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("hello rabbit"));

                }
            }
        }
    }
}

这样10秒后队列就消失了

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