RabbitMQ消息中间件（九）：Spring基础框架整合RabbitMQ

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一、生产者Module

（1）pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>rabbitmq-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>net.xiaof</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>spring-rabbitmq-producers</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

（2）rabbitmq.properties

rabbitmq.host=192.168.116.161
rabbitmq.port=5672
rabbitmq.username=xiao
rabbitmq.password=xiao
rabbitmq.virtual-host=/myhost

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（3）spring-rabbitmq-producer.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">
    <!--加载配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:rabbitmq.properties"/>

    <!-- 定义rabbitmq connectionFactory -->
    <rabbit:connection-factory  host="${rabbitmq.host}"
                               port="${rabbitmq.port}"
                               username="${rabbitmq.username}"
                               password="${rabbitmq.password}"
                               virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"/>
    <!--定义管理交换机、队列-->
    <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>

    <!--定义持久化队列，不存在则自动创建；不绑定到交换机则绑定到默认交换机
    默认交换机类型为direct，名字为：""，路由键为队列的名称
    -->
    <!--
        id：bean的名称
        name：queue的名称
        auto-declare:自动创建
        auto-delete:自动删除。 最后一个消费者和该队列断开连接后，自动删除队列
        exclusive:是否独占
        durable：是否持久化
    -->

    <rabbit:queue  name="spring_queue" auto-declare="true"/>

    <!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~广播；所有队列都能收到消息~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
    <!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建-->
    <rabbit:queue  name="spring_fanout_queue_1" auto-declare="true"/>

    <!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建-->
    <rabbit:queue  name="spring_fanout_queue_2" auto-declare="true"/>

    <!--定义广播类型交换机；并绑定上述两个队列-->
    <rabbit:fanout-exchange  name="spring_fanout_exchange" auto-declare="true">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_1"/>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_2"/>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:fanout-exchange>

    <!--<rabbit:direct-exchange name="aa" >
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <!–direct 类型的交换机绑定队列  key ：路由key  queue：队列名称–>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring_queue" key="xxx"></rabbit:binding>
        </rabbit:bindings>

    </rabbit:direct-exchange>-->

    <!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~通配符；*匹配一个单词，#匹配多个单词 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
    <!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建-->
    <rabbit:queue  name="spring_topic_queue_star" auto-declare="true"/>
    <!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建-->
    <rabbit:queue  name="spring_topic_queue_well" auto-declare="true"/>
    <!--定义广播交换机中的持久化队列，不存在则自动创建-->
    <rabbit:queue  name="spring_topic_queue_well2" auto-declare="true"/>

    <rabbit:topic-exchange  name="spring_topic_exchange" auto-declare="true">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding pattern="taobao.*" queue="spring_topic_queue_star"/>
            <rabbit:binding pattern="taobao.#" queue="spring_topic_queue_well"/>
            <rabbit:binding pattern="jd.#" queue="spring_topic_queue_well2"/>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:topic-exchange>

    <!--定义rabbitTemplate对象操作可以在代码中方便发送消息-->
    <rabbit:template  connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>

</beans>

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（4）生产者测试类

package net.xiaof;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

/**
 * @author zhangxh
 * @Description: 生产者测试类
 * @date 2020-12-16
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring-rabbitmq-producer.xml")
public class ProducerTest {

    //1.注入 RabbitTemplate
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;


    @Test
    public void testHelloWorld(){
        //2.测试发送普通消息
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_queue","helloworld spring....");
    }


    /**
     * 测试发送fanout类型消息（routingKey为空）
     */
    @Test
    public void testFanout(){
        //2.发送消息
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_fanout_exchange","","spring fanout....");
    }


    /**
     * 测试发送topic类型消息
     */
    @Test
    public void testTopics(){
        //2.发送消息
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange","taobao.com","spring topic....");
    }

}

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二、消费者Module

（1）pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>rabbitmq-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>net.xiaof</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>spring-rabbitmq-consumers</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.8.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

（2）rabbitmq.properties

rabbitmq.host=192.168.116.161
rabbitmq.port=5672
rabbitmq.username=xiao
rabbitmq.password=xiao
rabbitmq.virtual-host=/myhost

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（3）spring-rabbitmq-consumer.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">
    <!--加载配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:rabbitmq.properties"/>

    <!-- 定义rabbitmq connectionFactory -->
    <rabbit:connection-factory  host="${rabbitmq.host}"
                               port="${rabbitmq.port}"
                               username="${rabbitmq.username}"
                               password="${rabbitmq.password}"
                               virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"/>

    <bean  class="net.xiaof.rabbitmq.listener.SpringQueueListener"/>
    <!--<bean  class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.FanoutListener1"/>
    <bean  class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.FanoutListener2"/>
    <bean  class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.TopicListenerStar"/>
    <bean  class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.TopicListenerWell"/>
    <bean  class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.TopicListenerWell2"/>
-->
    <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" auto-declare="true">
        <rabbit:listener ref="springQueueListener" queue-names="spring_queue"/>
        <!-- <rabbit:listener ref="fanoutListener1" queue-names="spring_fanout_queue_1"/>
         <rabbit:listener ref="fanoutListener2" queue-names="spring_fanout_queue_2"/>
         <rabbit:listener ref="topicListenerStar" queue-names="spring_topic_queue_star"/>
         <rabbit:listener ref="topicListenerWell" queue-names="spring_topic_queue_well"/>
         <rabbit:listener ref="topicListenerWell2" queue-names="spring_topic_queue_well2"/>-->
    </rabbit:listener-container>
</beans>

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（4）监听器（打印消息）类

package net.xiaof.rabbitmq.listener;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageListener;

/**
 * @author zhangxh
 * @Description: 消费者端的监听器
 * @date 2020-12-16
 */
public class SpringQueueListener implements MessageListener {

    @Override
    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        //打印消息
        System.out.println(new String(message.getBody()));
    }

}

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（5）消费者测试类

package net.xiaof;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

/**
 * @author zhangxh
 * @Description: 消费者测试类
 * @date 2020-12-16
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring-rabbitmq-consumer.xml")
public class ConsumerTest {

    /**
     * 使用死循环让消费者启动等待
     * 监听生产者打印消息类：net.xiaof.rabbitmq.listener.SpringQueueListener
     */
    @Test
    public void test1(){
        boolean flag = true;
        while (true){
            //死循环
        }
    }
}

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三、测试

注意： 这里第一次需要先启动生产者类，队列的声明(创建)，已经交给生产者，启动后，所声明队列会注册在RabbitMq的虚拟主机中，消费者只需要从指定的队列中消费消息即可。

如果第一次先启动消费者，会报异常：找不到要消费的队列。

（1）启动消费者测试类

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（2）启动生产者类生产消息，可以在消费者端看到控制台输出：

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