Mybatis框架的动态SQL技术是一种根据特定条件动态拼装SQL语句的功能,它存在的意义是为了解决拼接SQL语句字符串时的痛点问题。
目录
1.if
2.where
3.trim
4.choose、when、otherwise
5.foreach
1.批量添加数据
2.批量删除数据
6.SQL片段
表:
实体类:
public class Emp {
private Integer empId;
private String empName;
private Integer age;
private String gender;
public Emp() {
}
public Emp(Integer empId, String empName, Integer age, String gender) {
this.empId = empId;
this.empName = empName;
this.age = age;
this.gender = gender;
}
public Integer getEmpId() {
return empId;
}
public void setEmpId(Integer empId) {
this.empId = empId;
}
public String getEmpName() {
return empName;
}
public void setEmpName(String empName) {
this.empName = empName;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Emp{" +
"empId=" + empId +
", empName='" + empName + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", gender='" + gender + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
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1.if
if
标签可通过
test
属性的表达式进行判断,若表达式的结果为
true
,则标签中的内容会执行;反之标签中的内容不会执行
<select resultType="com.atguigu.mybatis.pojo.Emp">
select * from t_emp where 1=1
<if test="empName!=null and empName!=''">
and emp_name=#{empName}
</if>
<if test="age!=null and age!=''">
and age=#{age}
</if>
<if test="gender!=null and gender!=''">
and gender=#{gender}
</if>
</select>
测试:
public void test6(){
SqlSessionUtils sqlSessionUtils = new SqlSessionUtils();
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();
EmpMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(EmpMapper.class);
Emp emp = new Emp(null,"张三",null,null);
List<Emp> list = mapper.getEmpByyCondition(emp);
System.out.println(list);
}
2.where
where和if一般结合使用:
- 若where标签中的if条件都不满足,则where标签没有任何功能,即不会添加where关键字
- 若where标签中的if条件满足,则where标签会自动添加where关键字,并将条件最前方多余的and去掉
注意:where标签不能去掉条件最后多余的and
<select resultType="com.atguigu.mybatis.pojo.Emp">
select * from t_emp
<where>
<if test="empName!=null and empName!=''">
and emp_name=#{empName}
</if>
<if test="age!=null and age!=''">
and age=#{age}
</if>
<if test="gender!=null and gender!=''">
and gender=#{gender}
</if>
</where>
</select>
1.若where标签中的if条件都不满足,则where标签没有任何功能
public void test6(){
SqlSessionUtils sqlSessionUtils = new SqlSessionUtils();
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();
EmpMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(EmpMapper.class);
Emp emp = new Emp(null,null,null,null);
List<Emp> list = mapper.getEmpByyCondition(emp);
System.out.println(list);
}
2.若where标签中的if条件满足,则where标签会自动添加where关键字,并将条件最前方多余的and去掉
public void test7(){
SqlSessionUtils sqlSessionUtils = new SqlSessionUtils();
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();
EmpMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(EmpMapper.class);
Emp emp = new Emp(null,null,20,null);
List<Emp> list = mapper.getEmpByyCondition(emp);
System.out.println(list);
}
3.trim
trim用于去掉或添加标签中的内容
常用属性:
- prefix:在trim标签中的内容的前面添加某些内容
- prefixOverrides:在trim标签中的内容的前面去掉某些内容
- suffix:在trim标签中的内容的后面添加某些内容
- suffixOverrides:在trim标签中的内容的后面去掉某些内容
<select resultType="com.atguigu.mybatis.pojo.Emp">
select * from t_emp
<trim prefix="where" suffixOverrides="and">
<if test="empName!=null and empName!=''">
emp_name=#{empName} and
</if>
<if test="age!=null and age!=''">
age=#{age}and
</if>
<if test="gender!=null and gender!=''">
gender=#{gender}
</if>
</trim>
</select>
4.choose、when、otherwise
choose、when、 otherwise相当于if...else if..else
<select resultType="com.atguigu.mybatis.pojo.Emp">
select * from t_emp
<where>
<choose>
<when test="empName!=null and empName!=''">emp_name=#{empName} </when>
<when test="age!=null and age!=''">ge=#{age} </when>
<when test="gender!=null and gender!=''"> gender=#{gender}</when>
</choose>
</where>
</select>
public void test7(){
SqlSessionUtils sqlSessionUtils = new SqlSessionUtils();
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();
EmpMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(EmpMapper.class);
Emp emp = new Emp(null,"张三",21,null);
List<Emp> list = mapper.getEmpByChoose(emp);
System.out.println(list);
}
when相当于else if 所以当前面有条件满足时,不会执行后面的when语句
5.foreach
-
collection: 需做foreach(遍历)的对象,作为入参时,list、array对象时,collection属性值分别默认用"list"、"array"代替,Map对象没有默认的属性值。但是,在作为入参时可以使用@Param(“keyName”)注解来设置自定义collection属性值,设置keyName后,list、array会失效;
-
item: 集合元素迭代时的别名称,该参数为必选项;
-
index: 在list、array中,index为元素的序号索引。但是在Map中,index为遍历元素的key值,该参数为可选项;
-
open: 遍历集合时的开始符号,通常与close=")"搭配使用。使用场景IN(),values()时,该参数为可选项;
-
separator: 元素之间的分隔符,类比在IN()的时候,separator=",",最终所有遍历的元素将会以设定的(,)逗号符号隔开,该参数为可选项;
-
close: 遍历集合时的结束符号,通常与open="("搭配使用,该参数为可选项;
1.批量添加数据
void insertEmps(@Param("emps") List<Emp> emps);
<insert >
insert into t_emp value
<foreach collection="emps" item="emp" separator=",">
(null,#{emp.empName},#{emp.age},#{emp.gender},null)
</foreach>
</insert>
public void test8(){
SqlSessionUtils sqlSessionUtils = new SqlSessionUtils();
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();
EmpMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(EmpMapper.class);
Emp emp1 = new Emp(null,"数据1",21,"女");
Emp emp2 = new Emp(null,"数据2",24,"男");
Emp emp3 = new Emp(null,"数据3",31,"女");
List<Emp> emps = Arrays.asList(emp1, emp2, emp3);
mapper.insertEmps(emps);
}
运行结果:
添加数据前:
添加数据后:
2.批量删除数据
void deleteByEmpIds(@Param("empIds") Integer[] empIds);
<delete >
delete from t_emp where emp_id in
<foreach collection="empIds" item="empId" separator="," open="(" close=")">
#{empId}
</foreach>
</delete>
public void test9(){
SqlSessionUtils sqlSessionUtils = new SqlSessionUtils();
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();
EmpMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(EmpMapper.class);
Integer empIds[]={6,7};
mapper.deleteByEmpIds(empIds);
}
方法2:
<delete >
delete from t_emp where
<foreach collection="empIds" item="empId" separator="or" >
emp_id=#{empId}
</foreach>
</delete>
6.SQL片段
sql片段,可以记录一段公共sql片段,在使用的地方通过include标签进行引
<sql > emp_id,emp_name,age,gender</sql>
<select resultType="com.atguigu.mybatis.pojo.Emp">
select <include ref></include> from t_emp
</select>
public void test10(){
SqlSessionUtils sqlSessionUtils = new SqlSessionUtils();
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();
EmpMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(EmpMapper.class);
List<Emp> emps = mapper.selectAll();
System.out.println(emps);
}