1、下载mysql 服务器和客户端
sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client
其中过程会让输入用户名和密码
2、启动mysql服务
sudo service mysql start
在启动服务的时候，老是出现启动失败
* Starting MySQL database server mysqld [fail]
进入数据库时出现，连接有问题
mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
ERROR (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)
网上对于这个问题的答案层出不穷，在这里学会了看服务日志，error.log
zhaopei@DESKTOP-4SBBGG9:~$ cd /var/log/mysql/
2017-07-20T08:28:59.628936Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysql/error.log'.
2017-07-20T08:29:00.523171Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
2017-07-20T08:29:00.849139Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
2017-07-20T08:29:00.849668Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)
2017-07-20T08:29:01.374628Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2017-07-20T08:29:01.445353Z 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.7.18-0ubuntu0.16.04.1) starting as process 424 ...
2017-07-20T08:29:03.377758Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: PUNCH HOLE support available
2017-07-20T08:29:03.377869Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2017-07-20T08:29:03.377913Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Uses event mutexes
2017-07-20T08:29:03.377955Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: GCC builtin __atomic_thread_fence() is used for memory barrier
2017-07-20T08:29:03.377990Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.8
2017-07-20T08:29:03.378022Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2017-07-20T08:29:03.843214Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Number of pools: 1
2017-07-20T08:29:04.209355Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2017-07-20T08:29:04.319753Z 0 [ERROR] InnoDB: Linux Native AIO interface is not supported on this platform. Please check your OS documentation and install appropriate binary of InnoDB.
2017-07-20T08:29:04.321070Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: You can disable Linux Native AIO by setting innodb_use_native_aio = 0 in my.cnf
2017-07-20T08:29:04.321134Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Linux Native AIO disabled.
2017-07-20T08:29:04.362427Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, total size = 128M, instances = 1, chunk size = 128M
2017-07-20T08:29:04.509850Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2017-07-20T08:29:04.722843Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: page_cleaner coordinator priority: -20
2017-07-20T08:29:04.916626Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2017-07-20T08:29:06.327288Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Creating shared tablespace for temporary tables
2017-07-20T08:29:06.354940Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file './ibtmp1' size to 12 MB. Physically writing the file full; Please wait ...
2017-07-20T08:29:06.620314Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: File './ibtmp1' size is now 12 MB.
2017-07-20T08:29:06.634545Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 96 redo rollback segment(s) found. 96 redo rollback segment(s) are active.
2017-07-20T08:29:06.636112Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 32 non-redo rollback segment(s) are active.
2017-07-20T08:29:06.647838Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2017-07-20T08:29:06.720627Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2017-07-20T08:29:06.786791Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: 5.7.18 started; log sequence number 2536366
2017-07-20T08:29:06.792654Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Loading buffer pool(s) from /var/lib/mysql/ib_buffer_pool
2017-07-20T08:29:07.079595Z 0 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
2017-07-20T08:29:08.155498Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 170720 16:29:08
2017-07-20T08:29:08.589818Z 0 [Warning] Failed to set up SSL because of the following SSL library error: SSL context is not usable without certificate and private key
2017-07-20T08:29:08.590045Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '127.0.0.1'; port: 3306
2017-07-20T08:29:08.590235Z 0 [Note] - '127.0.0.1' resolves to '127.0.0.1';
2017-07-20T08:29:08.590341Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '127.0.0.1'.
2017-07-20T08:29:08.590433Z 0 [ERROR] Can't start server: Bind on TCP/IP port: Permission denied
2017-07-20T08:29:08.590489Z 0 [ERROR] Do you already have another mysqld server running on port: 3306 ?
2017-07-20T08:29:08.590549Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting 2017-07-20T08:29:08.590607Z 0 [Note] Binlog end
2017-07-20T08:29:08.605607Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'ngram'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.605739Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'ARCHIVE'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.605780Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'BLACKHOLE'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.619022Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'partition'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.619153Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MyISAM'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.620655Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MRG_MYISAM'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.620778Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'CSV'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.620846Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.620942Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_VIRTUAL'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.620998Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_DATAFILES'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621047Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLESPACES'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621096Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN_COLS'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621141Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FOREIGN'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621186Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_FIELDS'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621227Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_COLUMNS'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621272Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_INDEXES'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621315Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLESTATS'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621355Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_SYS_TABLES'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621402Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_INDEX_TABLE'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621448Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_INDEX_CACHE'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621494Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_CONFIG'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621542Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_BEING_DELETED'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621588Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_DELETED'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621635Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_FT_DEFAULT_STOPWORD'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621684Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_METRICS'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621730Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_TEMP_TABLE_INFO'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621777Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_POOL_STATS'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621826Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE_LRU'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621871Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_BUFFER_PAGE'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621916Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX_RESET'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.621960Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_PER_INDEX'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.622005Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMPMEM_RESET'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.622048Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMPMEM'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.622084Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP_RESET'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.622128Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_CMP'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.622172Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_LOCK_WAITS'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.622215Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_LOCKS'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.622259Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'INNODB_TRX'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.622303Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'InnoDB'
2017-07-20T08:29:08.644637Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2017-07-20T08:29:08.645453Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2017-07-20T08:29:08.745799Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Dumping buffer pool(s) to /var/lib/mysql/ib_buffer_pool
2017-07-20T08:29:08.748425Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) dump completed at 170720 16:29:08
2017-07-20T08:29:09.428215Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 2536394
2017-07-20T08:29:09.430927Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Removed temporary tablespace data file: "ibtmp1"
2017-07-20T08:29:09.431083Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'MEMORY'
2017-07-20T08:29:09.431244Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'sha256_password'
2017-07-20T08:29:09.431298Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'mysql_native_password'
2017-07-20T08:29:09.431476Z 0 [Note] Shutting down plugin 'binlog'
2017-07-20T08:29:09.431935Z 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete
复制第一条error信息，gg发现一条信息跟我的日志文件问题一模一样，https://github.com/Microsoft/BashOnWindows/issues/2113
修改方式就是 更改mysql的端口
查看mysql的配置文件：
$ cat /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
更改端口3306位8060，保存发现readonly, 没权限更改
只需要在编辑的时候，加个权限即可， sudo
至此，mysql服务可以启动
分析：因为在win里已经安装了mysql，开机时自动打开3306端口。