生产环境案例(三)
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1q5YwJMTcZLcS5OQ0iOu44A
提取码：8gdi
复制这段内容后打开百度网盘手机App，操作更方便哦
1. Zabbix生产环境监测案例概述
1.1 项目规划
主机分组
- 交换机
- Nginx
- Tomcat
- MySQL
- Apache
- PHP-fpm
- redis
- memcache
监控对象识别：
- 使用SNMP监控交换
- 使用IPMI监控服务器硬件
- 使用Agent监控服务器
- 使用JMX监控JAVA
- 监控MySQL
- 监控Web状态
- 监控Nginx状态
- 监控Apache状态
- 监控Tomcat状态
1.2 SNMP监控流程
- 交换机上开启snmp
- 在zabbix上添加监控（设置SNMP interfaces）
- 关联监控模版
1.3 IPMI
建议使用自定义item监控服务器硬件，在本地执行ipmitool命令来获取数据
可以在本地执行ipmitool命令获取数据（命令需要安装）
1.4 JMX（使用Zabbix Java Gateway代理）
用来获取java数据，本次的实战内容
1.5 实战监控Nginx，Apache，MySQL，PHP-fpm
今天的实战内容，请同学们注意总结过程
1.6 Zabbix的Web监测
今天的实战内容，请同学们注意总结过程
2. Zabbix监控MySQL数据库操作实战
我们需要部署一个MySQL服务和一个zabbix-agentd客户端
2.1 Zabbix-Agen端编写监控脚本
在nginx服务器（192.168.200.90）上安装一个MySQL
下面是监控mysql状态的一个shell脚本，内容如下：
[root@Zabbix-Agen /]# mkdir -p /server/scripts
[root@Zabbix-Agen /]# cd /server/scripts/
[root@Zabbix-Agen scripts]# cat check_mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
# author:Mr.yang
MySQL_USER="root"
MySQL_PWD="971108"
MySQL_HOST="127.0.0.1"
MySQL_PORT="3306"
MySQL_CONN="/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u${MySQL_USER} -h${MySQL_HOST} -P${MySQL_PORT} -p${MySQL_PWD}"
if [ $# -ne "1" ];then
echo "arg error!"
fi
case $1 in
Uptime)
result=`${MySQL_CONN} status | cut -f2 -d":" | cut -f1 -d "T"`
echo $result
;;
Com_update)
result=`${MySQL_CONN} extended-status | grep -w "Com_update" | cut -d"|" -f3`
echo $result
;;
Slow_querles)
result=`${MySQL_CONN} status | cut -f5 -d":" | cut -f1 -d"O"`
echo $result
;;
Com_select)
result=`${MySQL_CONN} extended-status | grep -w "Com_select" | cut -d "|" -f3`
echo $result
;;
Com_rollback)
result=`${MySQL_CONN} extended-status | grep -w "Com_rollback" | cut -d"|" -f3`
echo $result
;;
Questions)
result=`${MySQL_CONN} status | cut -f4 -d":" | cut -f1 -d"S"`
echo $result
;;
Com_insert)
result=`${MySQL_CONN} extended-status | grep -w "Com_insert" | cut -d"|" -f3`
echo $result
;;
Com_delete)
result=`${MySQL_CONN} extended-status | grep -w "Com_delete" | cut -d"|" -f3`
echo $result
;;
Com_commit)
result=`${MySQL_CONN} extended-status | grep -w "Com_commit" | cut -d"|" -f3`
echo $result
;;
Bytes_sent)
result=`${MySQL_CONN} extended-status | grep -w "Bytes_sent" | cut -d"|" -f3`
echo $result
;;
Bytes_received)
result=`${MySQL_CONN} extended-status | grep -w "Bytes_received" | cut -d"|" -f3`
echo $result
;;
Com_begin)
result=`${MySQL_CONN} extended-status | grep -w "Com_begin" | cut -d"|" -f3`
echo $result
;;
*)
echo "Usage:$0(Uptime|Com_update|Slow_querles|Com_rollback|Questions|Com_insert|Com_delete|Com_commit|Bytes_sent|Bytes_received|Com_begin)"
;;
esac
2.2 在zabbix-agent端创建自定义键值配置文件
#创建mysql.status的键值
[root@Zabbix-Agen scripts]# chmod +x check_mysql.sh
[root@Zabbix-Agen scripts]# chown zabbix.zabbix check_mysql.sh
[root@Zabbix-Agen scripts]# cd /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/
#删除旧键值模版
[root@Zabbix-Agen zabbix_agentd.d]# ls
userparameter_mysql.conf
[root@Zabbix-Agen zabbix_agentd.d]# rm -rf userparameter_mysql.conf
#创建mysql.ping和mysql.version的键值
[root@Zabbix-Agen zabbix_agentd.d]# cat mysql_status.conf
UserParameter=mysql.status[*],/server/scripts/check_mysql.sh $1
UserParameter=mysql.ping,/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p971108 ping | grep -c alive
UserParameter=mysql.version,/usr/local/bin/mysql -V
#重启zabbix-agentd服务
[root@Zabbix-Agen zabbix_agentd.d]# /etc/init.d/zabbix-agent restart
Shutting down Zabbix agent: [ OK ]
Starting Zabbix agent: [ OK ]
2.3 在zabbix-server端测试键值
[root@Zabbix-Server /]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.90 -p 10050 -k "mysql.status[Uptime]"
855
[root@Zabbix-Server /]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.90 -p 10050 -k "mysql.status[Com_commit]"
0
[root@Zabbix-Server /]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.90 -p 10050 -k "mysql.status[Bytes_sent]"
8926
[root@Zabbix-Server /]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.90 -p 10050 -k "mysql.status[Bytes_received]"
667
[root@Zabbix-Server /]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.90 -p 10050 -k "mysql.ping"
1
[root@Zabbix-Server /]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.90 -p 10050 -k "mysql.version"
/usr/local/bin/mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.5.32, for linux2.6 (x86_64) using readline 5.1
2.4 在zabbix-server端Web前台引入zabbix监控MySQL的模版
zabbix自带监控MySQL的模版，我们只需要将模版引入到主机即可
配置-->主机-->选择主机-->模板，然后将MySQL模版连接到此主机即可
从图中可以发现模版里的键值都是我们之前已经定义好了的键值。
3.Zabbix监控Apache、Nginx操作实战
3.1 实战监控Apache
3.1.1 安装依赖软件包
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ make cmake unzip tree
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# rpm -qa gcc gcc-c++ make cmake unzip tree
gcc-c++-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64
tree-1.5.3-2.el6.x86_64
make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64
gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64
cmake-2.6.4-5.el6.x86_64
unzip-6.0-1.el6.x86_64
3.1.2 源码编译构建apache服务
#为了避免冲突，若系统中已经安装httpd服务，务必删除
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# rpm -q httpd
package httpd is not installed
#源码构建apache
[root@Zabbix-Apache yuanmabao]# pwd
/root/yuanmabao
[root@Zabbix-Apache yuanmabao]# tar xf httpd-2.2.17.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
[root@Zabbix-Apache yuanmabao]# cd /usr/src/httpd-2.2.17/
[root@Zabbix-Apache httpd-2.2.17]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/httpd --enable-so --enable-rewrite --enable-charset-lite --enable-cgi && make && make install
#以下省略。。。
[root@Zabbix-Apache httpd-2.2.17]# cd /usr/local/httpd/
[root@Zabbix-Apache httpd]# ls
bin build cgi-bin conf error htdocs icons include lib logs man manual modules
[root@Zabbix-Apache httpd]# ln -s /usr/local/httpd/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
[root@Zabbix-Apache httpd]# cp /usr/local/httpd/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd
[root@Zabbix-Apache httpd]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/httpd
[root@Zabbix-Apache httpd]# cd /usr/local/httpd/htdocs/
[root@Zabbix-Apache htdocs]# echo "`hostname -I` I am apache" > index.html
[root@Zabbix-Apache htdocs]# cat index.html
192.168.200.91 I am apache
[root@Zabbix-Apache htdocs]# cd /usr/local/httpd/conf
[root@Zabbix-Apache conf]# awk '/#ServerName/{print NR,$0}' httpd.conf
97 #ServerName www.example.com:80
[root@Zabbix-Apache conf]# sed -i -e '97 s/#//;s/example/yunjisuan/' httpd.conf
[root@Zabbix-Apache conf]# sed -n '97p' httpd.conf
ServerName www.yunjisuan.com:80
[root@Zabbix-Apache conf]# /etc/init.d/httpd start
[root@Zabbix-Apache conf]# netstat -antup | grep httpd
tcp 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 53295/httpd
[root@Zabbix-Apache conf]# echo "`hostname -I` www.yunjisuan.com" >> /etc/hosts
[root@Zabbix-Apache conf]# tail -1 /etc/hosts
192.168.200.91 www.yunjisuan.com
[root@Zabbix-Apache conf]# curl www.yunjisuan.com
192.168.200.91 I am apache
3.1.3 开启apache状态页
要打开apache的ServerStatus页面，需要在httpd.conf文件最下边加入代码段
[root@Zabbix-Apache conf]# pwd
/usr/local/httpd/conf
[root@Zabbix-Apache conf]# tail -7 /usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
ExtendedStatus On
<location /server-status>
SetHandler server-status
Order Deny,Allow
Deny from all
Allow from 127.0.0.1
</location>
#最后，重启动apache即可
[root@Zabbix-Apache conf]# /etc/init.d/httpd restart
3.1.4 下载apache zabbix模版并解压
#从如下地址下载apache zabbix模版：
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# wget https://github.com/lorf/zapache/archive/master.zip
#解压zip格式压缩文件
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# unzip master
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# ls -d zapache-master/
zapache-master/
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# tree zapache-master/
zapache-master/
├── httpd-server-status.conf.sample
├── README.md
├── userparameter_zapache.conf.sample
├── zapache
├── zapache-template-active.xml
└── zapache-template.xml
0 directories, 6 files
- 此模版文件中包含了监控apache的脚本文件，zabbix的apache模版文件，还有客户端zabbix自定义传key文件。
- 首先将zapache放到需要监控的apache服务器上的/etc/zabbix/scripts目录下，如果没有scripts目录，自行创建一个即可。然后执行授权：
3.1.5 Zabbix-Apache端的agent安装
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# wget http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.2/rhel/6/x86_64/zabbix-agent-3.2.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# rpm -ivh zabbix-agent-3.2.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# cd /etc/zabbix/
[root@Zabbix-Apache zabbix]# cat -n zabbix_agentd.conf | sed -n '13p;32p;95p;103p;120p;136p;147p;265p;284p'
13 PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.pid
32 LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.log
95 Server=192.168.200.89 #这里要取消本地
103 ListenPort=10050
120 StartAgents=3
136 ServerActive=192.168.200.89:10051
147 Hostname=192.168.200.91
#这里要修改成自己的名字，比如：主机IP
265 Include=/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/
284 UnsafeUserParameters=1
[root@Zabbix-Apache /]# setenforce 0
[root@Zabbix-Apache /]# /etc/init.d/zabbix-agent start
Starting Zabbix agent: [ OK ]
[root@Zabbix-Apache /]# netstat -antup | grep zabbix_agent
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 53511/zabbix_agentd
tcp 0 0 :::10050 :::* LISTEN 53511/zabbix_agentd
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# cd zapache-master/
[root@Zabbix-Apache zapache-master]# cd ~
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# mkdir -p /etc/zabbix/scripts/
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# cp /root/zapache-master/zapache /etc/zabbix/scripts/
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# chmod 755 /etc/zabbix/scripts/zapache
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# ll -d /etc/zabbix/scripts/zapache
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 6110 Sep 21 22:48 /etc/zabbix/scripts/zapache
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# cd /etc/zabbix/scripts/
[root@Zabbix-Apache scripts]# ./zapache
zapache version: 1.5
usage:
./zapache [<url>] TotalAccesses - Check total accesses.
./zapache [<url>] TotalKBytes - Check total KBytes.
./zapache [<url>] CPULoad - Check CPU load.
./zapache [<url>] Uptime - Check uptime.
./zapache [<url>] ReqPerSec - Check requests per second.
./zapache [<url>] BytesPerSec - Check Bytes per second.
./zapache [<url>] BytesPerReq - Check Bytes per request.
./zapache [<url>] BusyWorkers - Check busy workers.
./zapache [<url>] IdleWorkers - Check idle workers.
./zapache [<url>] version - Version of this script.
./zapache [<url>] ping - Check if Apache is up.
./zapache [<url>] WaitingForConnection - Check Waiting for Connection processess.
./zapache [<url>] StartingUp - Check Starting Up processess.
./zapache [<url>] ReadingRequest - Check Reading Request processess.
./zapache [<url>] SendingReply - Check Sending Reply processess.
./zapache [<url>] KeepAlive - Check KeepAlive Processess.
./zapache [<url>] DNSLookup - Check DNSLookup Processess.
./zapache [<url>] ClosingConnection - Check Closing Connection Processess.
./zapache [<url>] Logging - Check Logging Processess.
./zapache [<url>] GracefullyFinishing - Check Gracefully Finishing Processess.
./zapache [<url>] IdleCleanupOfWorker - Check Idle Cleanup of Worker Processess.
./zapache [<url>] OpenSlotWithNoCurrentProcess - Check Open Slots with No Current Process.
- 接着将userparameter_zapache.conf.sample文件放到/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d目录下，并重命名为userparameter_zapache.conf文件,然后修改键值命令的路径。
- 最后，重启zabbix-agent服务
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# cd ~/zapache-master/
[root@Zabbix-Apache zapache-master]# mv userparameter_zapache.conf.sample /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/userparameter_zapache.conf
[root@Zabbix-Apache zapache-master]# cd /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/
[root@Zabbix-Apache zabbix_agentd.d]# tail -1 userparameter_zapache.conf
UserParameter=zapache[*],/etc/zabbix/scripts/zapache \$1
[root@Zabbix-Apache zabbix_agentd.d]# /etc/init.d/zabbix-agent restart
Shutting down Zabbix agent: [ OK ]
Starting Zabbix agent: [ OK ]
3.1.6 测试键值
我们发现脚本需要传递两个参数，即url和选项,然后我们在zabbix-server端进行键值测试
[root@Zabbix-Server ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.91 -p 10050 -k "zapache[127.0.0.1 TotalAccesses]"
0
[root@Zabbix-Server ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.91 -p 10050 -k "zapache[www.yunjisuan.com version]"
1.5
[root@Zabbix-Server ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.91 -p 10050 -k "zapache[www.yunjisuan.com ping]"
1
3.1.7 在zabbix-server的Web页面上监控apache
（1）创建一个监控apache的主机
（2）导入带有apache监控项的模版
zabbix默认并没有监控apache的监控项模版。我们需要将它导入到apache中。在之前解压出来的目录中，有待导入的web模版
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# tree zapache-master/
zapache-master/
├── httpd-server-status.conf.sample
├── README.md
├── zapache
├── zapache-template-active.xml #Web模版
└── zapache-template.xml #Web模版
0 directories, 5 files
我们将这两个.xml后缀的拷贝到windows上，然后从Web界面导入进去
导入以后Web端就有监控apache的监控项模版了
（3）将模版链接到apache主机
3.2 实战监控nginx
3.2.1用本地yum仓库安装依赖包
[root@Zabbix-Apache /]# yum install -y pcre-devel openssl-devel gcc gcc-c++ make
[root@yangwenbo /]# rpm -qa pcre-devel openssl-devel gcc gcc-c++ make
openssl-devel-1.0.1e-15.el6.x86_64
gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64
gcc-c++-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64
pcre-devel-7.8-6.el6.x86_64
make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64
3.2.2 安装Nginx
#源码编译Nginx
[root@Zabbix-Apache yuanmabao]# pwd
/yuanmabao
[root@Zabbix-Apache yuanmabao]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M www
[root@Zabbix-Apache yuanmabao]# tar xf nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
[root@Zabbix-Apache yuanmabao]# cd /usr/src/nginx-1.10.2/
[root@Zabbix-Apache nginx-1.10.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module && make && make install
##编译省略。。。
[root@Zabbix-Apache nginx-1.10.2]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/
#创建nginx配置文件模版
[root@Zabbix-Apache nginx-1.10.2]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@Zabbix-Apache conf]# cat nginx.conf
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root html;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
location = /nginx-status { #在nginx的配置文件中，添加status配置
stub_status on;
access_log off;
allow 127.0.0.1;
allow 192.168.200.89; #zabbix服务器地址一般是Zabbix_Server地址
deny all;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}
[root@Zabbix-Apache conf]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@Zabbix-Apache conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
[root@Zabbix-Apache conf]# netstat -antup | grep nginx
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1279/nginx
3.2.3访问设置好的nginx-status链接(之前已配好，这只是模版)
#在zabbix-server上通过如下方式获取nginx状态页面信息：
[root@Zabbix-Server ~]# curl 192.168.200.91/nginx-status
Active connections: 1
server accepts handled requests
15 15 15
Reading: 0 Writing: 1 Waiting: 0
nginx status详细说明如下：
Active connections：对后端发起的活动连接数；
accepts：nginx总共处理了多少个连接；
handled：nginx成功创建了几次握手；
requests：nginx总共处理了多少请求。
Reading：nginx读取客户端的header数；
Writing：nginx返回给客户端的header数；
Waiting：nginx请求处理完成，正在等待下一请求指令的连接
3.2.4 在Zabbix-Apache端编写nginx状态监控脚本
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# cd /etc/zabbix/scripts/
[root@Zabbix-Apache scripts]# cat nginx_status.sh
#!/bin/bash
# Set Variables
HOST="127.0.0.1"
PORT="80"
#Functions to return nginx stats
function active(){
/usr/bin/curl "http://$HOST:$PORT/nginx-status" 2>/dev/null | grep "Active" | awk '{print $NF}'
}
function reading(){
/usr/bin/curl "http://$HOST:$PORT/nginx-status" 2>/dev/null | grep "Reading" | awk '{print $2}'
}
function writing(){
/usr/bin/curl "http://$HOST:$PORT/nginx-status" 2>/dev/null | grep "Writing" | awk '{print $4}'
}
function accepts(){
/usr/bin/curl "http://$HOST:$PORT/nginx-status" 2>/dev/null | awk 'NR==3' | awk '{print $1}'
}
function handled(){
/usr/bin/curl "http://$HOST:$PORT/nginx-status" 2>/dev/null | awk 'NR==3' | awk '{print $2}'
}
function requests(){
/usr/bin/curl "http://$HOST:$PORT/nginx-status" 2>/dev/null | awk 'NR==3' | awk '{print $3}'
}
function ping(){
/sbin/pidof nginx | wc -l
}
# Run the requested function
$1
3.2.5 给脚本可执行权限并且授权
[root@Zabbix-Apache scripts]# chmod +x nginx_status.sh
[root@Zabbix-Apache scripts]# chown zabbix.zabbix nginx_status.sh
3.2.6 在zabbix-Apache端配置nginx键值配置文件
[root@Zabbix-Apache ~]# cd /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d
[root@Zabbix-Apache zabbix_agentd.d]# cat nginx.conf
UserParameter=nginx.active,/usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1:80/nginx-status" | grep "Active" | awk '{print $NF}'
UserParameter=nginx.status[*],/etc/zabbix/scripts/nginx_status.sh $1
[root@Zabbix-Apache zabbix_agentd.d]# /etc/init.d/zabbix-agent restart
Shutting down Zabbix agent: [ OK ]
Starting Zabbix agent: [ OK ]
3.2.7 在zabbix-server端测试键值
[root@Zabbix-Server ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.91 -k "nginx.status[reading]" -p 10050
0
[root@Zabbix-Server ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.91 -k "nginx.status[active]" -p 10050
1
[root@Zabbix-Server ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.91 -k "nginx.status[reading]" -p 10050
0
[root@Zabbix-Server ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.91 -k "nginx.status[writing]" -p 10050
1
[root@Zabbix-Server ~]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.91 -k "nginx.status[ping]" -p 10050
1
3.2.8 接下来我们需要在Web端导入nginx监控模版
3.2.9 异常调试
如果Zabbix图形界面一直没有获取到数据，可以通过在zabbix server上执行zabbix_get手动测试：
/usr/local/zabbix/bin/zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.91 -p 10050 -k "nginx.status[active]"
如果获取数据有问题，会给出相应提示，如果能够获取到数据，那就没问题了。
4.Zabbix监控Tomcat操作实战
zabbix监控tomcat，需要zabbix_server开启java poller，zabbix_java开启javaGateway，端口10052，Tomcat JMX开启12345端口，提供性能数据。
数据获取流程为：java poller<-->javaGateway:10052<-->Tomcat:12345
4.1 部署java环境jdk
4.1.1 jdk的解压安装
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat yuanmabao]# pwd
/root/yuanmabao
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat yuanmabao]# tar xf jdk-8u60-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat yuanmabao]# ln -s /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_60 /usr/local/jdk
4.1.2 配置java环境变量
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat yuanmabao]# sed -i.ori '$a export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk\nexport PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH\nexport CLASSPATH=.$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar' /etc/profile
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat yuanmabao]# tail -3 /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
4.1.3 让java环境变量立刻生效
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat yuanmabao]# source /etc/profile
4.1.4 检查java环境安装情况
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat yuanmabao]# source /etc/profile
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat yuanmabao]# which java
/usr/local/jdk/bin/java
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat yuanmabao]# java -version #出现以下信息表示部署成功
java version "1.8.0_60"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_60-b27)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.60-b23, mixed mode)
4.2 安装Tomcat
4.2.1 解压安装Tomcat
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat yuanmabao]# pwd
/root/yuanmabao
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat yuanmabao]# tar xf apache-tomcat-8.0.27.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat yuanmabao]# ln -s /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.0.27/ /usr/local/tomcat
4.2.2 配置Tomcat环境变量
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat yuanmabao]# echo 'export TOMCAT_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat' >> /etc/profile
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat yuanmabao]# source /etc/profile
4.2.3 对jdk及Tomcat安装目录递归授权root
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat yuanmabao]# chown -R root.root /usr/local/jdk/ /usr/local/tomcat/
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat yuanmabao]# ll -d /usr/local/jdk/ /usr/local/tomcat/
drwxr-xr-x. 8 root root 4096 Aug 5 2015 /usr/local/jdk/
drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 4096 Sep 22 01:56 /usr/local/tomcat/
4.2.4 检查环境变量配置情况
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat yuanmabao]# tail -4 /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export TOMCAT_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat
4.3 启动Tomcat
启动程序：/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh 关闭程序：/usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat yuanmabao]# cd
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat ~]# netstat -antup | grep java
tcp 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 1365/java
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005 :::* LISTEN 1365/java
tcp 0 0 :::8009 :::* LISTEN 1365/java
4.4 访问网站192.168.200.92:8080(注意要关闭防火墙)
4.5 Zabbix-Tomcat端的agent安装
[root@Zabbix-Tomcate ~]# wget http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/3.2/rhel/6/x86_64/zabbix-agent-3.2.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat ~]# rpm -ivh zabbix-agent-3.2.4-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat ~]# cd /etc/zabbix/
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat zabbix]# cat -n zabbix_agentd.conf | sed -n '13p;32p;95p;103p;120p;136p;147p;265p;284p'
13 PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.pid
32 LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.log
95 Server=192.168.200.89 #这里要取消本地
103 ListenPort=10050
120 StartAgents=3
136 ServerActive=192.168.200.89:10051
147 Hostname=192.168.200.92
#这里要修改成自己的名字，比如：主机IP
265 Include=/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/
284 UnsafeUserParameters=1
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat /]# setenforce 0
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat /]# /etc/init.d/zabbix-agent start
Starting Zabbix agent: [ OK ]
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat /]# netstat -antup | grep zabbix_agent
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 53511/zabbix_agentd
tcp 0 0 :::10050 :::* LISTEN 53511/zabbix_agentd
4.6 配置Tomcat JMX
#配置jmx，在需要监控的tomcat服务器上，编辑catalina.sh，加入如下配置
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat ~]# sed -n '249p' /usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh
CATALINA_OPTS="-server -Xms256m -Xmx512m -XX:PermSize=64M -XX:MaxPermSize=128m -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false -Djava.rmi.server.hostname=192.168.200.92 -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=12345"
这里需要注意，必须增加-Djava.rmi.server.hostname选项，并且后面的IP就是tomcat服务器的IP
4.7 重启Tomcat
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat ~]# netstat -antup | grep java
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.
[root@Zabbix-Tomcat ~]# netstat -antup | grep java
tcp 0 0 :::8080 :::* LISTEN 2135/java
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:8005 :::* LISTEN 2135/java
tcp 0 0 :::8009 :::* LISTEN 2135/java
4.8 在zabbix-server端编译zabbix，加入java支持
在zabbix server服务器上，编译安装zabbix-server，需要加上--enable-java，以支持jmx监控，如果之前的zabbix server没加此选项，那么需要重新编译安装，编译参数如下：
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix --with-mysql --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl --enable-server --enable-agent --enable-proxy --enable-java --with-libxml2
特别提示:在启用--enable-java编译zabbix之前，zabbix server服务器上需要安装JDK，并需要设置JAVA_HOME,以让系统能够识别到jdk的路径
4.8.1 在zabbix-server端安装JDK
(1) jdk的解压安装
[root@Zabbix-Server yuanmabao]# pwd
/root/yuanmabao
[root@Zabbix-Server yuanmabao]# tar xf jdk-8u60-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@Zabbix-Server yuanmabao]# ln -s /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_60/ /usr/local/jdk
(2) 配置java环境变量
[root@Zabbix-Server yuanmabao]# sed -i.ori '$a export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk\nexport PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH\nexport CLASSPATH=.$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar' /etc/profile
[root@Zabbix-Server yuanmabao]# tail -3 /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH
export CLASSPATH=.$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
(3) 让java环境变量立刻生效
[root@Zabbix-Server yuanmabao]# source /etc/profile
(4) 检查java环境安装情况
[root@Zabbix-Server yuanmabao]# which java
/usr/local/jdk/bin/java
[root@Zabbix-Server yuanmabao]# java -version #出现以下信息表示部署成功
java version "1.8.0_60"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_60-b27)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.60-b23, mixed mode)
4.8.2 重新编译zabbix-server服务器端
(1) 重新编译zabbix-server服务器端之前
[root@Zabbix-Server ~]# ll /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/
total 8596
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1165774 Sep 20 21:23 zabbix_agentd
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3668935 Sep 20 21:23 zabbix_proxy
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3962949 Sep 20 21:23 zabbix_server
(2) 开始重新编译zabbix-server服务器端
[root@Zabbix-Server ~]# /etc/init.d/zabbix_server stop
Shutting down zabbix_server: [ OK ]
[root@Zabbix-Server ~]# cd /usr/src/zabbix-3.2.4/
[root@Zabbix-Server zabbix-3.2.4]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix --with-mysql --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl --enable-server --enable-agent --enable-proxy --enable-java --with-libxml2 && make && make install
#以下省略。。。
(3) 重新编译zabbix-server服务器端之后
[root@Zabbix-Server zabbix-3.2.4]# cd /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/
[root@Zabbix-Server sbin]# ll
total 8600
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 1165774 Sep 22 03:38 zabbix_agentd
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 Sep 22 03:38 zabbix_java #多了一个目录
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3668935 Sep 22 03:38 zabbix_proxy
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3962949 Sep 22 03:38 zabbix_server
[root@Zabbix-Server sbin]# cd zabbix_java/
[root@Zabbix-Server zabbix_java]# ll
total 20
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 22 03:38 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 22 03:38 lib
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 791 Sep 22 03:38 settings.sh #java gateway配置脚本
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 545 Sep 22 03:38 shutdown.sh #停止java gateway服务
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 2025 Sep 22 03:38 startup.sh #启动java gateway服务
提示：java gateway服务的配置脚本settings.sh不需要修改任何配置。
4.8.3 启动java Gateway服务
[root@Zabbix-Server zabbix_java]# /usr/local/zabbix/sbin/zabbix_java/startup.sh
[root@Zabbix-Server zabbix_java]# netstat -antup | grep 10052
tcp 0 0 :::10052 :::* LISTEN 20838/java
4.9 修改zabbix server 配置
默认的情况下，zabbix server未启用
javaPollers，需要修改zabbix_server.conf的如下配置
#修改以下配置文件的内容
[root@Zabbix-Server zabbix_java]# cd /usr/local/zabbix/etc/
[root@Zabbix-Server etc]# cat -n zabbix_server.conf | sed -n '215p;223p;231p'
215 JavaGateway=127.0.0.1
223 JavaGatewayPort=10052
231 StartJavaPollers=5
4.10 重启zabbix_server服务并查看已打开的java poller进程
[root@Zabbix-Server zabbix_java]# /etc/init.d/zabbix_server start
Starting zabbix_server: [ OK ]
[root@Zabbix-Server zabbix_java]# netstat -antup | grep 10051
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10051 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 21053/zabbix_server
tcp 0 0 192.168.200.89:10051 192.168.200.91:52212 TIME_WAIT -
#查看已经打开的java poller进程
[root@Zabbix-Server zabbix_java]# ps -ef | grep "java poller" | grep -v grep
zabbix 21110 21053 0 03:55 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/sbin/zabbix_server: java poller #1 [got 0 values in 0.000012 sec, idle 5 sec]
zabbix 21117 21053 0 03:55 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/sbin/zabbix_server: java poller #2 [got 0 values in 0.000009 sec, idle 5 sec]
zabbix 21118 21053 0 03:55 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/sbin/zabbix_server: java poller #3 [got 0 values in 0.000005 sec, idle 5 sec]
zabbix 21119 21053 0 03:55 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/sbin/zabbix_server: java poller #4 [got 0 values in 0.000005 sec, idle 5 sec]
zabbix 21120 21053 0 03:55 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/sbin/zabbix_server: java poller #5 [got 0 values in 0.000009 sec, idle 5 sec]
4.11 Zabbix图形界面配置
4.11.1 创建一个主机利用JMX接口监控tomcat被监控端
4.11.2 导入zabbix监控tomcat的模版
因为Zabbix自带的Tomcat模版有兼容性问题，并不好用，因此，我们导入自己制作的监控项模版
4.11.3 最后我们关联模版即可
5.Zabbix监控PHP-FPM操作实战
php-fpm和nginx一样内建了一个状态页，对于想了解php-fpm的状态以及监控php-fpm非常有帮助
5.1 启用php-fpm状态功能
修改php-fpm配置文件，确保如下配置是打开状态：
pm.status_path = /status，具体操作如下
#在Zabbix-server端操作如下
[root@Zabbix-Server ~]# cd /usr/local/php/etc
[root@Zabbix-Server etc]# ls
pear.conf php-fpm.conf php-fpm.conf.default php.ini
[root@Zabbix-Server etc]# sed -n '360p' php-fpm.conf
pm.status_path = /status
#重启php-fpm服务
[root@Zabbix-Server etc]# netstat -antup | grep php-fpm
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1604/php-fpm
[root@Zabbix-Server etc]# pkill php-fpm
[root@Zabbix-Server etc]# netstat -antup | grep php-fpm
[root@Zabbix-Server etc]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm
[root@Zabbix-Server etc]# netstat -antup | grep php-fpm
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 23924/php-fpm
5.2 nginx配置php-fpm状态页面
在nginx配置文件nginx.conf里配置php状态页，操作如下
[root@Zabbix-Server ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
[root@Zabbix-Server conf]# cat nginx.conf
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root html;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
location = /nginx-status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
location = /status { #添加此location
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $fastcgi_script_name;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}
#重启动nginx服务
[root@Zabbix-Server conf]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@Zabbix-Server conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
5.3 状态页浏览器访问测试
php-fpm状态页比较个性化的一个地方是它可以带参数，可以带的参数有json、xml、html，使用zabbix或者nagios监控可以考虑使用xml或者默认方式。
#具体含义说明如下
[root@Zabbix-Server conf]# curl 127.0.0.1/status
pool: www #fpm进程池名称，大多数为www
process manager: dynamic #进程管理方式（static，dynamic or nodemand.dynamic）
start time: 22/Sep/2018:05:49:09 +0800 #启动日期
start since: 557 #运行时长
accepted conn: 64 #当前FPM进程池接受的请求数
listen queue: 0 #请求等待队列，如果值不是0，那么要增加FPM的进程数
max listen queue: 0 #请求等待队列最高的数量
listen queue len: 128 #socket等待队列长度
idle processes: 1 #空闲进程数量
active processes: 1 #活跃进程数量
total processes: 2 #总进程数量
max active processes: 2 #最大的活跃进程数量（FPM启动开始算）
max children reached: 0 #达到最大子进程的次数，如果值不为0，那么需要调高最大进程数
slow requests: 0 #当启用了php-fpm的slow-log功能时，如果出现php-fpm慢请求这个计数器会增加，一般不当的MySQL查询会触发这个值
5.4 其他状态参数显示形式的数据（json，xml，html）
5.4.1 以xml的格式输出PHP-fpm状态页
[root@Zabbix-Server conf]# curl 127.0.0.1/status?xml
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<status>
<pool>www</pool>
<process-manager>dynamic</process-manager>
<start-time>1537566549</start-time>
<start-since>1131</start-since>
<accepted-conn>137</accepted-conn>
<listen-queue>0</listen-queue>
<max-listen-queue>0</max-listen-queue>
<listen-queue-len>128</listen-queue-len>
<idle-processes>2</idle-processes>
<active-processes>1</active-processes>
<total-processes>3</total-processes>
<max-active-processes>2</max-active-processes>
<max-children-reached>0</max-children-reached>
<slow-requests>0</slow-requests>
5.4.2 以json的格式输出PHP-fpm的状态页
[root@Zabbix-Server conf]# curl 127.0.0.1/status?json
{"pool":"www","process manager":"dynamic","start time":1537566549,"start since":1159,"accepted conn":140,"listen queue":0,"max listen queue":0,"listen queue len":128,"idle processes":2,"active processes":1,"total processes":3,"max active processes":2,"max children reach
5.4.3 以html的格式输出PHP-fpm的状态页
[root@Zabbix-Server conf]# curl 127.0.0.1/status?html
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head><title>PHP-FPM Status Page</title></head>
<body>
<table>
<tr><th>pool</th><td>www</td></tr>
<tr><th>process manager</th><td>dynamic</td></tr>
<tr><th>start time</th><td>22/Sep/2018:05:49:09 +0800</td></tr>
<tr><th>start since</th><td>1318</td></tr>
<tr><th>accepted conn</th><td>159</td></tr>
<tr><th>listen queue</th><td>0</td></tr>
<tr><th>max listen queue</th><td>0</td></tr>
<tr><th>listen queue len</th><td>128</td></tr>
<tr><th>idle processes</th><td>2</td></tr>
<tr><th>active processes</th><td>1</td></tr>
<tr><th>total processes</th><td>3</td></tr>
<tr><th>max active processes</th><td>2</td></tr>
<tr><th>max children reached</th><td>0</td></tr>
<tr><th>slow requests</th><td>0</td></tr>
</table>
5.5 在Zabbix-Server端修改agent配置
5.5.1 创建zabbix监控的agent端键值配置文件
[root@Zabbix-Server ~]# cd /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/
[root@Zabbix-Server zabbix_agentd.d]# cat userparameter_php-fpm.conf
UserParameter=php-fpm.status[*],/usr/bin/curl -s "http://127.0.0.1/status?xml" | grep "<$1>" | awk -F "[>|<]" '{print $$3}'
#这里需要注意在脚本里如果写成$3的话，脚本会认识是一个变量，因此我们需要用$$3
5.5.2 重启动agent客户端
[root@Zabbix-Server zabbix_agentd.d]# /etc/init.d/zabbix-agent restart
Shutting down Zabbix agent: [ OK ]
Starting Zabbix agent: [ OK ]
[root@Zabbix-Server zabbix_agentd.d]# netstat -antup | grep zabbix_agent
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 24658/zabbix_agentd
tcp 0 0 :::10050 :::* LISTEN 24658/zabbix_agentd
5.6 进行键值配置文件测试
[root@Zabbix-Server zabbix_agentd.d]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.89 -p 10050 -k "php-fpm.status[process-manager]"
dynamic
[root@Zabbix-Server zabbix_agentd.d]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.89 -p 10050 -k "php-fpm.status[start-since]"
2183
[root@Zabbix-Server zabbix_agentd.d]# zabbix_get -s 192.168.200.89 -p 10050 -k "php-fpm.status[active-processes]"
1
5.7 Zabbix图形界面导入我们的监控模版
6. Zabbix的Web监测功能
Zabbix的Web监测功能，没有任何依赖，不需要agent端，全部依赖于Server的主动监测
6.1 利用Web监测，监测Server端的nginx首页
6.2 查看监控结果
