vim配置vimrc详解
一、vim/gvim 环境变量
1. vimrc的存放位置：
系统 vimrc 文件: "$VIM/vimrc"
用户 vimrc 文件: "$HOME/.vimrc"
用户 exrc 文件: "$HOME/.exrc"
系统 gvimrc 文件: "$VIM/gvimrc"
用户 gvimrc 文件: "$HOME/.gvimrc"
系统菜单文件: "$VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim"
$VIM 预设值: "/usr/share/vim"
2.windows下：(例如gvim 安装在D:/vim/)
$VIMRUNTIME : d:/vim/vim73
$VIM : d:/vim/
插件安装位置：
默认位置 ： $VIMRUNTIME
自定义插件目录： $VIM/vimfiles （如果没有vimfiles就新建一个，建议将插件安装在这）
1). 上面插件安装管理目录还不是很清晰，可以用vim的vundle插件，每个插件会安装在各自的文件夹中，而不是像上面那样混合在一起，比如Tagbar插件就会在vundle文件夹下自动生成tagbar文件夹保存tagbar插件。同时vimrc文件要稍作修改可以自行baidu ，google很简单。
2). 如果要使用vundle更新插件，还要安装git （当然也可以手动更新直接下载覆盖到 vundle/ 下对应插件文件夹里）
二、 vimrc文件内容：
"是否兼容VI，compatible为兼容，nocompatible为不完全兼容
"如果设置为compatible，则tab将不会变成空格
set nocompatible
source $VIMRUNTIME/vimrc_example.vim
source $VIMRUNTIME/mswin.vim
"设置鼠标运行模式为WINDOWS模式
behave mswin
" Multi-encoding setting, MUST BE IN THE BEGINNING OF .vimrc!
"
if has("multi_byte")
" When 'fileencodings' starts with 'ucs-bom', don't do this manually
"set bomb
set fileencodings=ucs-bom,utf-8,chinese,*,japan,korea,latin1
" CJK environment detection and corresponding setting
if v:lang =~ "^zh_CN"
" Simplified Chinese, on Unix euc-cn, on MS-Windows cp936
set encoding=chinese
set termencoding=chinese
if &fileencoding == ''
set fileencoding=chinese
endif
elseif v:lang =~ "^zh_TW"
" Traditional Chinese, on Unix euc-tw, on MS-Windows cp950
set encoding=*
set termencoding=*
if &fileencoding == ''
set fileencoding=*
endif
elseif v:lang =~ "^ja_JP"
" Japanese, on Unix euc-jp, on MS-Windows cp932
set encoding=japan
set termencoding=japan
if &fileencoding == ''
set fileencoding=japan
endif
elseif v:lang =~ "^ko"
" Korean on Unix euc-kr, on MS-Windows cp949
set encoding=korea
set termencoding=korea
if &fileencoding == ''
set fileencoding=korea
endif
endif
" Detect UTF-8 locale, and override CJK setting if needed
if v:lang =~ "utf8$" || v:lang =~ "UTF-8$"
set encoding=utf-8
endif
else
echoerr 'Sorry, this version of (g)Vim was not compiled with "multi_byte"'
endif
"解决菜单乱码
set encoding=utf-8
"fileencodings需要注意顺序，前面的字符集应该比后面的字符集大
set fileencodings=ucs-bom,utf-8,cp936,gb18030,big5,euc-jp,euc-kr,latin1
set langmenu=zh_CN.utf-8
set imcmdline
source $VIMRUNTIME/delmenu.vim
source $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim
"解决consle输出乱码
language messages zh_CN.utf-8
"自动检测文件类型并加载相应的设置，snipMate插件需要打开这个配置选项
filetype plugin indent on
"语法高亮
syntax on
"自动缩进
set autoindent
"设置 Backspace 和 Delete 的灵活程度，backspace=2 则没有任何限制
"设置在哪些模式下使用鼠标功能，mouse=a 表示所有模式
set mouse=a
set backspace=2
"不自动换行
set nowrap
"设置超过100字符自动换行
"set textwidth=100
"设置超过100列的字符带下划线
"au BufWinEnter * let w:m2=matchadd('Underlined', '\%>100v.\+', -1)
"syn match out80 /\%80v./ containedin=ALL
"hi out80 guifg=white guibg=red
"智能对齐方式
set smartindent
"一个tab是4个字符
set tabstop=4
"按一次tab前进4个字符
set softtabstop=4
"用空格代替tab
set expandtab
"设置自动缩进
set ai!
"缩进的字符个数
set cindent shiftwidth=4
"set autoindent shiftwidth=2
"设置折叠模式
set foldcolumn=4
"光标遇到折叠，折叠就打开
"set foldopen=all
"移开折叠时自动关闭折叠
"set foldclose=all
"zf zo zc zd zr zm zR zM zn zi zN
"依缩进折叠
" manual 手工定义折叠
" indent 更多的缩进表示更高级别的折叠
" expr 用表达式来定义折叠
" syntax 用语法高亮来定义折叠
" diff 对没有更改的文本进行折叠
" marker 对文中的标志折叠
set foldmethod=syntax
"启动时不要自动折叠代码
set foldlevel=100
"依标记折叠
set foldmethod=marker
"显示行号
set number
"打开光标的行列位置显示功能
set ruler
"显示中文引号
set ambiwidth=double
"行高亮
set cursorline
"列高亮，与函数列表有冲突
set cursorcolumn
"设置命令行的高度
set cmdheight=2
"高亮搜索的关键字
set hlsearch
"搜索忽略大小写
set ignorecase
"设置命令历史行数
set history=100
"启动的时候不显示那个援助索马里儿童的提示
"set shortmess=atI
"不要闪烁
"set novisualbell
"显示TAB健
set list
set listchars=tab:>-,trail:-
"高亮字符，让其不受100列限制
":highlight OverLength ctermbg=red ctermfg=white guibg=grey guifg=white
":match OverLength '\%101v.*'
"设置VIM状态栏
set laststatus=2 "显示状态栏(默认值为1, 无法显示状态栏)
set statusline=
set statusline+=%2*%-3.3n%0*\ " buffer number
set statusline+=%f\ " file name
set statusline+=%h%1*%m%r%w%0* " flag
set statusline+=[
if v:version >= 600
set statusline+=%{strlen(&ft)?&ft:'none'}, " filetype
set statusline+=%{&fileencoding}, " encoding
endif
set statusline+=%{&fileformat}] " file format
set statusline+=%= " right align
"set statusline+=%2*0x%-8B\ " current char
set statusline+=0x%-8B\ " current char
set statusline+=%-14.(%l,%c%V%)\ %<%P " offset
if filereadable(expand("$VIM/vimfiles/plugin/vimbuddy.vim"))
set statusline+=\ %{VimBuddy()} " vim buddy
endif
"状态行颜色
"highlight StatusLine guifg=SlateBlue guibg=Yellow
"highlight StatusLineNC guifg=Gray guibg=White
"设置路径,多个路径用逗号分隔
set path=.,"E:/Web/htdocs",,
"去掉有关vi一致性模式，避免以前版本的一些bug和局限
set nocp
"增强模式中的命令行自动完成操作
set wildmenu
"执行 Vim 缺省提供的 .vimrc 文件的示例，包含了打开语法加亮显示等最常用的功能
source $VIMRUNTIME/vimrc_example.vim
"缺省不产生备份文件
set nobackup
"在输入括号时光标会短暂地跳到与之相匹配的括号处，不影响输入
set showmatch
"正确地处理中文字符的折行和拼接
set formatoptions+=mM
"设定文件浏览器目录为当前目录
set bsdir=buffer
"自动切换当前目录为当前文件所在的目录
set autochdir
"自动重新加载外部修改内容
"set autoread
"使PHP识别EOT字符串
hi link phpheredoc string
"允许在有未保存的修改时切换缓冲区
set hidden
"选中一段文字并全文搜索这段文字
vmap <silent> ,/ y/<C-R>=escape(@", '\\/.*$^~[]')<CR><CR>
vmap <silent> ,? y?<C-R>=escape(@", '\\/.*$^~[]')<CR><CR>
"进入当前编辑的文件的目录
autocmd BufEnter * exec "cd %:p:h"
"保存文件的格式顺序
set fileformats=dos,unix
"配色（更多的配色见colors目录和http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~maverick/VimColorSchemeTest/index-c.html）
"colorscheme peacock_light
colorscheme peacock_desert
"设置字体
if has("gui")
if has("win32")
"启动时会弹出字体选择框，如果取消，则采用系统默认字体
"set guifont=*
"Windows默认使用的字体，字体较粗
"set guifont=Fixedsys
"中文显示变形，字体较粗
"set guifont=Monospace:h9
"中文显示变形，字体较细
"set guifont=Consolas:h9
"中文显示变形，字体较细
"set guifont=Lucida\ Console:h9
"中文显示变形，字体较细
set guifont=Monaco:h9
"中文显示变形，字体较细
"set guifont=Andale\ Mono:h10
"中文显示变形，字体较细
"set guifont=Bitstream\ Vera\ Sans\ Mono:h9
"需要运行修改版的gvim才能识别
"set guifont=YaHei\ Consolas\ Hybrid:h9
"如果guifontwide采用中文字体，汉字将自动使用guifontwide，英文自动使用guifont
set guifontwide=YaHei\ Consolas\ Hybrid:h9
else
set guifont=SimSun:h10
endif
"set columns=128 lines=36
endif
"启动后最大化
au GUIEnter * simalt ~x
"置粘贴模式，这样粘贴过来的程序代码就不会错位了。
"set paste
"设置帮助信息
set helplang=cn
"自动保存session和viminfo
"缺省的sessionoptions选项包括：blank,buffers,curdir,folds,help,options,tabpages,winsize
"也就是会话文件会恢复当前编辑环境的空窗口、所有的缓冲区、当前目录、折叠(fold)相关的信息、帮助窗口、所有的选项和映射、所有的标签页(tab)、窗口大小
"set sessionoptions-=curdir
"au VimLeave * mksession! $VIMRUNTIME/Session.vim
"au VimLeave * wviminfo! $VIMRUNTIME/_viminfo
"source $VIMRUNTIME/Session.vim
"rviminfo $VIMRUNTIME/_viminfo
"记录上次关闭的文件及状态
set viminfo='10,\"100,:20,%,n$VIMRUNTIME/_viminfo
au BufReadPost * if line("'\"") > 0|if line("'\"") <= line("$")|exe("norm '\"")|else|exe "norm $"|endif|endif
"设置插件SuperTab
"设置按下<Tab>后默认的补全方式, 默认是<C-P>,
"现在改为<C-X><C-O>. 关于<C-P>的补全方式,
"还有其他的补全方式, 可以看看下面的一些帮助:
":help ins-completion
":help compl-omni
let g:SuperTabRetainCompletionType=2
"0 - 不记录上次的补全方式
"1 - 记住上次的补全方式,直到用其他的补全命令改变它
"2 - 记住上次的补全方式,直到按ESC退出插入模式为止
let g:SuperTabDefaultCompletionType="<C-X><C-O>"
set diffexpr=MyDiff()
function! MyDiff()
let opt = '-a --binary '
if &diffopt =~ 'icase' | let opt = opt . '-i ' | endif
if &diffopt =~ 'iwhite' | let opt = opt . '-b ' | endif
let arg1 = v:fname_in
if arg1 =~ ' ' | let arg1 = '"' . arg1 . '"' | endif
let arg2 = v:fname_new
if arg2 =~ ' ' | let arg2 = '"' . arg2 . '"' | endif
let arg3 = v:fname_out
if arg3 =~ ' ' | let arg3 = '"' . arg3 . '"' | endif
let eq = ''
if $VIMRUNTIME =~ ' '
if &sh =~ '\<cmd'
let cmd = '""' . $VIMRUNTIME . '\diff"'
let eq = '"'
else
let cmd = substitute($VIMRUNTIME, ' ', '" ', '') . '\diff"'
endif
else
let cmd = $VIMRUNTIME . '\diff'
endif
silent execute '!' . cmd . ' ' . opt . arg1 . ' ' . arg2 . ' > ' . arg3 . eq
endfunction
"phpDocumentor
"this includes the script and maps the combination <ctrl> + p
"to the doc functions.
source $VIM\vimfiles\plugin\php-doc.vim
imap <A-/> <ESC>:call PhpDocSingle()<CR>i
nmap <A-/> :call PhpDocSingle()<CR>
vmap <A-/> :call PhpDocRange()<CR>
"You can obtain the completion dictionary file from:
"http://cvs.php.net/viewvc.cgi/phpdoc/funclist.txt
set dictionary+=$VIM\vimfiles\syntax\function.txt
"Use the dictionary completion
set complete-=k complete+=k
"Alt + -> 打开下一个文件
map <M-right> <ESC>:bn<RETURN>
"Alt + <- 打开上一个文件
map <M-left> <ESC>:bp<RETURN>
"使用TAB键自动完成
"This function determines, wether we are on
"the start of the line text(then tab indents)
"or if we want to try auto completion
function! InsertTabWrapper()
let col=col('.')-1
if !col || getline('.')[col-1] !~ '\k'
return "\<TAB>"
else
return "\<C-N>"
endif
endfunction
"使用SuperTab之后，就可以关闭该设置了
"inoremap <TAB> <C-R>=InsertTabWrapper()<CR>
"平台判断
function! GetSystem()
if (has("win32") || has("win95") || has("win64") || has("win16"))
return "windows"
elseif has("unix")
return "linux"
elseif has("mac")
return "mac"
endif
endfunction
"取得光标处的匹配
function! GetPatternAtCursor(pat)
let col = col('.') - 1
let line = getline('.')
let ebeg = -1
let cont = match(line, a:pat, 0)
while (ebeg >= 0 || (0 <= cont) && (cont <= col))
let contn = matchend(line, a:pat, cont)
if (cont <= col) && (col < contn)
let ebeg = match(line, a:pat, cont)
let elen = contn - ebeg
break
else
let cont = match(line, a:pat, contn)
endif
endwh
if ebeg >= 0
return strpart(line, ebeg, elen)
else
return ""
endif
endfunction
"打开链接
function! OpenUrl()
let s:url = GetPatternAtCursor('\v(https?://|ftp://|file:/{3}|www\.)((\w|-)+\.)+(\w|-)+(:\d+)?(/(\w|[~@#$%^&+=/.?-])+)?')
"echo s:url
if s:url == ""
echohl WarningMsg
echomsg '在光标处未发现URL！'
echohl None
else
if GetSystem() == "windows"
call system("explorer " . s:url)
else
call system("firefox " . s:url . " &")
endif
endif
unlet s:url
endfunction
nmap <C-LeftMouse> :call OpenUrl()<CR>
"放大字体
function <SID>FontSize_Enlarge()
if GetSystem() == "linux"
let pattern = '\<\d\+$'
elseif GetSystem() == "windows"
let pattern = ':h\zs\d\+\ze:'
endif
let fontsize = matchstr(&gfn, pattern)
let cmd = substitute(&gfn, pattern, string(fontsize + 1), 'g')
let &gfn=cmd
let fontsize = matchstr(&gfw, pattern)
let cmd = substitute(&gfw, pattern, string(fontsize + 1), 'g')
let &gfw=cmd
endfunction
nnoremap <A-+> :call <SID>FontSize_Enlarge()<CR>
"缩小字体
function <SID>FontSize_Reduce()
if GetSystem() == "linux"
let pattern = '\<\d\+$'
elseif GetSystem() == "windows"
let pattern = ':h\zs\d\+\ze:'
endif
let fontsize = matchstr(&gfn, pattern)
let cmd = substitute(&gfn, pattern, string(fontsize - 1), 'g')
let &gfn=cmd
let fontsize = matchstr(&gfw, pattern)
let cmd = substitute(&gfw, pattern, string(fontsize - 1), 'g')
let &gfw=cmd
endfunction
nnoremap <A--> :call <SID>FontSize_Reduce()<CR>
"html自动输入匹配标签，输入>之后自动完成匹配标签
au FileType xhtml,xml so ~/.vim/ftplugin/html_autoclosetag.vim
"能够漂亮的显示.NFO文件
function! SetFileEncodings(encodings)
let b:myfileencodingsbak=&fileencodings
let &fileencodings=a:encodings
endfunction
function! RestoreFileEncodings()
let &fileencodings=b:myfileencodingsbak
unlet b:myfileencodingsbak
endfunction
au BufReadPre *.nfo call SetFileEncodings('cp437')|set ambiwidth=single
au BufReadPost *.nfo call RestoreFileEncodings()
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" 设置lookupfile插件
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
let g:LookupFile_MinPatLength = 2 "最少输入2个字符才开始查找
let g:LookupFile_PreserveLastPattern = 0 "不保存上次查找的字符串
let g:LookupFile_PreservePatternHistory = 1 "保存查找历史
let g:LookupFile_AlwaysAcceptFirst = 1 "回车打开第一个匹配项目
let g:LookupFile_AllowNewFiles = 0 "不允许创建不存在的文件
if filereadable("./filenametags") "设置tag文件的名字
let g:LookupFile_TagExpr = '"./filenametags"'
endif
"映射LookupFile为,lf
nmap <silent> ,lf <Plug>LookupFile<CR>
"映射LUBufs为,lb
nmap <silent> ,lb :LUBufs<CR>
"映射LUWalk为,lw
nmap <silent> ,lw :LUWalk<CR>
"映射LUPath为,lp
nmap <silent> ,lp :LUPath<CR>
"F2处理行尾的空格以及文件尾部的多余空行
"Automatically remove trailing spaces when saving a file.
autocmd BufRead,BufWrite * if ! &bin | silent! %s/\s\+$//ge | endif
"Remove indenting on empty line
map <F2> :w<CR>:call CleanupBuffer(1)<CR>:noh<CR>
function! CleanupBuffer(keep)
" Skip binary files
if (&bin > 0)
return
endif
" Remove spaces and tabs from end of every line, if possible
silent! %s/\s\+$//ge
" Save current line number
let lnum = line(".")
" number of last line
let lastline = line("$")
let n = lastline
" while loop
while (1)
" content of last line
let line = getline(n)
" remove spaces and tab
if (!empty(line))
break
endif
let n = n - 1
endwhile
" Delete all empty lines at the end of file
let start = n+1+a:keep
if (start < lastline)
execute n+1+a:keep . "," . lastline . "d"
endif
" after clean spaces and tabs, jump back
exec "normal " . lnum . "G"
endfunction
"快速查找（插件grep插件，需要grep软件）
"nnoremap <silent> <F3> :Grep<CR>
"给n映射一个快捷键，习惯上喜欢用F3
nmap <F3> n
"给n映射一个快捷键，习惯上喜欢用F3
nmap <S-F3> N
"PHP语法检查
"map <F4> :!E:/Web/Server/PHP/php.exe -l %<CR>
function! CheckPHPSyntax()
setlocal makeprg=E:/Web/Server/PHP/php.exe\ -l\ -n\ -d\ html_errors=off
setlocal shellpipe=>
" Use error format for parsing PHP error output
setlocal errorformat=%m\ in\ %f\ on\ line\ %l
make %
endfunction
" Perform :PHP_CheckSyntax()
map <F4> :call CheckPHPSyntax()<CR>
"PHP代码美化
"map <C-A-F4> :!ZendCodeAnalyzer.exe %<CR>
"PHP代码通过Zend加密
function! ZendEncodePHP()
let currentfile=fnamemodify(bufname("%"), ":p")
let newfile=fnamemodify(bufname("%"), ":p:h") . "\\" . fnamemodify(bufname("%"), ":t:r") . ".zend." . fnamemodify(bufname("%"), ":e")
execute "!\"E:\\Web\\Tools\\ZendGuard\\bin\\zendenc.exe\"" . ' ' . currentfile . ' ' . newfile
endfunction
map <C-F4> :call ZendEncodePHP()<CR>
"使用IE预览网页
function! BrowseWebPage()
let filepath=substitute(getcwd()."\\".bufname("%"), 'E:\\Web\\htdocs\\', "http://localhost/", "g")
let filepath=substitute(filepath,"\\","\/","g")
silent execute "!\"explorer\""." ".filepath
endfunction
map <S-F4> :call BrowseWebPage()<CR>
"F6打开或关闭nerd_tree和taglist
"由于nerd_tree和taglist采用了trinity插件打开
"所以具体的设置以trinity.vim为准
nmap <F6> :TrinityToggleTagListAndNERDTree<CR>
"F7单独切换打开nerd_tree（nerd_tree插件）
let g:NERDChristmasTree = 1 "色彩显示
let g:NERDTreeShowHidden = 1 "显示隐藏文件
let g:NERDTreeWinPos = 'left' "窗口显示位置
let g:NERDTreeHighlightCursorline = 0 "高亮当前行
nmap <F7> :TrinityToggleNERDTree<CR>
"netrw设置（自带目录树插件）
let g:netrw_winsize=30
let g:netrw_liststyle=1
let g:netrw_timefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
nmap <silent> <C-F7> :Sexplore!<cr>
"Ctrl + F7打开project插件
nmap <silent> <A-F7> :Project<CR>
"F8单独切换打开taglist（taglist插件）
if GetSystem() == "windows" "设定Windows系统中ctags程序的位置
let g:Tlist_Ctags_Cmd = $VIMRUNTIME.'\ctags'
else
let g:Tlist_Ctags_Cmd = '/usr/bin/ctags'
endif
"let g:Tlist_Sort_Type = 'name' "以名称顺序排序，默认以位置顺序(order)
let g:Tlist_Show_One_File = 1 "不同时显示多个文件的tag，只显示当前文件的
let g:Tlist_Exit_OnlyWindow = 1 "如果taglist窗口是最后一个窗口，则退出vim
lef g:Tlist_File_Fold_Auto_Close = 1 "当光标不在编辑文件里面的时候全部折叠
let g:Tlist_Use_Right_Window = 1 "在右侧窗口中显示taglist窗口
let g:Tlist_Enable_Fold_Column = 1 "显示折叠边栏
nmap <F8> :TrinityToggleTagList<CR>
"F11查看打开的文件列表（bufexplorer插件）
let g:bufExplorerDefaultHelp = 1
let g:bufExplorerDetailedHelp = 0
nmap <F11> :BufExplorer <CR>
"F12生成/更新tags文件
set tags=tags;
set autochdir
function! UpdateTagsFile()
silent !ctags -R --fields=+ianS --extra=+q
endfunction
nmap <F12> :call UpdateTagsFile()<CR>
"Ctrl + F12删除tags文件
function! DeleteTagsFile()
"Linux下的删除方法
"silent !rm tags
"Windows下的删除方法
silent !del /F /Q tags
endfunction
nmap <C-F12> :call DeleteTagsFile()<CR>
"退出VIM之前删除tags文件
"au VimLeavePre * call DeleteTagsFile()
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