一、使用之前,我们先来掌握3个东西是用来干什么的。
npm: Nodejs下的包管理器。
webpack: 它主要的用途是通过CommonJS的语法把所有浏览器端需要发布的静态资源做相应的准备,比如资源的合并和打包。
vue-cli: 用户生成Vue工程模板。(帮你快速开始一个vue的项目,也就是给你一套vue的结构,包含基础的依赖库,只需要 npm install就可以安装)
开始:
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE0NTAxNzgxNi0xMDc4MTAyMTY3LnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
如图,下载8.9.3 LTS (推荐给绝大部分用户使用)
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE0NTIyODM5NC0xNjU5MzQyODA1LnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
双击安装
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE0NTMwNzMxNi0xMzUyMTA5MTExLnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
可以使用默认路径,本例子中自行修改为d:\nodejs
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE0NTMzMjgxNi0xMTA2MDUxMzM5LnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
一路点Next
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE0NTQ0MzA4Mi0xNjMzMDc5NDE1LnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
点Finish完成
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE0NTUyNjM2My0xMjk0MzQ2NDk1LnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE0NTUzNDE0NC0xNjg1Njc4MTMyLnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
打开CMD,检查是否正常
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE0NTY1NzA4Mi0xODI2NzE0ODA0LnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE0NTcyMzgwMS0xNTQ4NjcyMjUyLnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE0NTc0MDIyMi0xNjEzNzkzOTIyLnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
再看看另外2个目录,npm的本地仓库跑在系统盘c盘的用户目录了(没见到npm-cache是因为没有用过,一使用缓存目录就生成了),我们试图把这2个目录移动回到D:\nodejs
先如下图建立2个目录
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE0NTgxMTAxOS00MDcwOTIwMTgucG5n.png?w=700&webp=1)
然后运行以下2条命令
npm config set prefix "D:\nodejs\node_global"
npm config set cache "D:\nodejs\node_cache"
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE0NTg1NDM0Ny04MDg0MjAxNDIucG5n.png?w=700&webp=1)
如上图,我们再来关注一下npm的本地仓库,输入命令npm list -global
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE0NTkyNDA1MS0zNzIyNzkxMzcucG5n.png?w=700&webp=1)
输入命令npm config set registry=http://registry.npm.taobao.org 配置镜像站
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE0NTk1NjM0Ny0xNDQzODUwMTM4LnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
输入命令npm config list 显示所有配置信息,我们关注一个配置文件
C:\Users\Administrator\.npmrc
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MDAzNjU1MS0yMDUxMzcyNDczLnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
使用文本编辑器编辑它,可以看到刚才的配置信息
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MDA1OTQ3Mi05MTIwNjIxNTUucG5n.png?w=700&webp=1)
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MDExNTQ4OC0yNzU2MzQ1NzgucG5n.png?w=700&webp=1)
检查一下镜像站行不行命令1
npm config get registry
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MDIxMTg3OS02Mzg2MTA3MTQucG5n.png?w=700&webp=1)
检查一下镜像站行不行命令2
Npm info vue 看看能否获得vue的信息
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MDIzMzUzNS01Nzc5Mzc4MjgucG5n.png?w=700&webp=1)
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MDI0NjY5MS03MzkzNjg1NTcucG5n.png?w=700&webp=1)
注意,此时,默认的模块D:\nodejs\node_modules 目录
将会改变为D:\nodejs\node_global\node_modules 目录,
如果直接运行npm install等命令会报错的。
我们需要做1件事情:
1、增加环境变量NODE_PATH 内容是:D:\nodejs\node_global\node_modules
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MDQwMjg5NC0yMDg2NDQ4ODM2LnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
(注意,一下操作需要重新打开CMD让上面的环境变量生效)
一、测试NPM安装vue.js
命令:npm install vue -g
这里的-g是指安装到global全局目录去
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MDQyMDQ4OC0xMzMxOTc4NTM5LnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MDQ1ODUxOS0yMTMyMzAxMjUyLnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
二、测试NPM安装vue-router
命令:npm install vue-router -g
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MDUzODcwNy02NDA5OTg2NzIucG5n.png?w=700&webp=1)
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MDU0NDg3OS05MzgzNDc0ODcucG5n.png?w=700&webp=1)
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MDc0NDA1MS0xMDU4MTMyNTM3LnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
运行npm install vue-cli -g安装vue脚手架
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MDgwNTIzOC0zNDk3NDMzNjgucG5n.png?w=700&webp=1)
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MDgzNjcwNy0xOTI1OTE4MTEzLnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
编辑环境编辑path
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MDg1Mzg2My0xMTE3MjE1NjU3LnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
对path环境变量添加D:\nodejs\node_global
win10以下版本的,横向显示PATH的,注意添加到最后时,不要有分号【;】
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MDkyODMzMi0xMTc4OTY4MjQzLnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
重新打开CMD,并且测试vue是否使用正常
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MDk0OTA5Ny0xNjAwMTg5NDY4LnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
注意,vue-cli工具是内置了模板包括 webpack 和 webpack-simple,前者是比较复杂专业的项目,
他的配置并不全放在根目录下的 webpack.config.js 中。
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MTAzMzg0Ny0yMDc3MzE4MDMwLnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
初始化,安装依赖
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MTEyMTkxMC0xNzEwMTA5ODEwLnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
运行npm install安装依赖
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MTEzOTE3Ni0xMDc1Mzk2NjE3LnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
npm run dev
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MTIwNjUxOS00MzY0MjAwMTEucG5n.png?w=700&webp=1)
成功界面,提示打开地址http://localhost:8080
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MTI1NjEyOS0zMzM2NTg0MDcucG5n.png?w=700&webp=1)
自动打开浏览器http://localhost:8080/#/
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MTMxNDUwNC0xNDIyMzk2OTQzLnBuZw%3D%3D.png?w=700&webp=1)
npm run build
生成静态文件,打开dist文件夹下新生成的index.html文件
nmp下新建出来的vue01的目录描述:
![NPM安装步骤 NPM安装步骤](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9pbWFnZXMyMDE3LmNuYmxvZ3MuY29tL2Jsb2cvMTI4NzYxOS8yMDE3MTIvMTI4NzYxOS0yMDE3MTIxMjE1MTUyODMwMS01MzAwNzY4MDMucG5n.png?w=700&webp=1)