1.数组遍历方法总结
array = (1..10).to_a
length = array.length
length.times do t
print "#{array[t]} "
end
puts "n"
length = array.length-1
for i in 0..length do
print "#{array[i]} "
end
puts "n"
for i in array do
print "#{i} "
end
puts "n"
array.each{x print x," "}
puts "n"
length = array.length
i = 0
while i< length do
print "#{array[i]} "
i = i+1
end
puts "n"
length = array.length
i = 0
until i==length do
print "#{array[i]} "
i += 1
end
puts "n"
array.each_index do i
print "#{array[i]} "
2.Ruby连接数据库
- mysql
require 'mysql'
begin
db = Mysql.init
db.options(Mysql::SET_CHARSET_NAME, 'utf8')
db = Mysql.real_connect("127.0.0.1", "root", "123456", "test", 3306)
db.query("SET NAMES utf8")
db.query("drop table if exists tb_test")
db.query("create table tb_test (id int,
text LONGTEXT) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8")
db.query("insert into tb_test (id, text) values (
1,'first line'),(2,'second line')")
printf "%d rows were inserted\n",db.affected_rows
rslt = db.query("select text from tb_test")
while row = rslt.fetch_row do
puts row[0]
end
rescue Mysql::Error => e
puts "Error code: #{e.errno}"
puts "Error message: #{e.error}"
puts "Error SQLSTATE: #{e.sqlstate}" if e.respond_to?("sqlstate")
ensure
db.close if db
end
- redis
#!/bin/ruby
require 'redis'
def writeToFile(file,content)
fp = File.new(file,"a+")
if fp
fp.syswrite(content)
else
puts "..."
end
end
def connect(host)
redis = Redis.new(:host => host,:port => 6379)
redis.info.keys.each do |key|
puts "#{key}:\t"+redis.info["#{key}"]
end
end
connect("1.1.1.1")
- sqlite3
require 'sqlite3'
db = SQLite3::Database.new('test.db')
db.execute("create table test(
ID integet not null,
Username varchar(20) null,
Password varchar(64) null)")
db.execute("insert into test(ID.Username,Password)
values('0','admin','admin')")
db.execute("select * from test")
db.execute("update test set password='12345' where id=0")
3.Ruby socket
- 服务端：
require 'socket'
server = TCPServer.open('0.0.0.0', 8080)
loop do
Thread.start(server.accept) do |client|
begin
while true
puts "#{client.to_i} online"
data = client.read()
throw "empty" if data.empty?
#puts data.length
puts data
end
rescue Exception => e
puts "#{client.to_i} offline"
end
end
end
- 客户端：
require 'socket'
hostname = '127.0.0.1'
port = 8080
buf = 'test'
s = TCPSocket.open(hostname, port)
s.write buf
sleep(1)
s.close
4.ruby gem 文档服务
rubygems.org上的gem文档访问起来太慢了，其实gem本身就自带doc的功能
安装gem的时候会默认安装相应gem的doc，如果不想占用空间安装doc，则gem install XXX --no-doc 即可。
使用下列命令可以启动gem自带的文档：
gem server --port 1234
然后访问http://localhost:1234就可以查看相关的gem文档。
5.ruby改变控制台输出内容的颜色
puts "\033[1m前景色\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[30mBlack (30)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[31mRed (31)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[32mGreen (32)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[33mYellow (33)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[34mBlue (34)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[35mMagenta (35)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[36mCyan (36)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[37mWhite (37)\033[0m\n"
puts ''
puts "\033[1m背景色\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[40m\033[37mBlack (40), White Text\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[41mRed (41)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[42mGreen (42)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[43mYellow (43)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[44mBlue (44)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[45mMagenta (45)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[46mCyan (46)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[47mWhite (47)\033[0m\n"
puts ''
puts "\033[1m其他\033[0m\n"
puts " Reset (0)"
puts " \033[1mBold (1)\033[0m\n"
puts " \033[4mUnderlined (4)\033[0m\n"
6.一些比较特别的包
Ruby json gem
https://rubygems.global.ssl.fastly.net/gems/json-1.8.3.gem
树莓派wiringpi gpio包
http://pi.gadgetoid.com/article/wiringpi-as-a-ruby-gem
7.安装rvm的正确姿势
参考自:http://rvm.io/rvm/install
首先添加gpg公钥:
gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3
安装稳定版本的rvm
curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --ruby
8.解决kali2.0中RVM不能编译ruby-2.3.3
- 错误详情：
ruby-2.3.3 - #compiling.......................................................................-
Error running '__rvm_make -j4',
showing last 15 lines of /usr/local/rvm/log/1488041042_ruby-2.3.3/make.log
exts.mk:210: recipe for target 'ext/openssl/all' failed
make[1]: *** [ext/openssl/all] Error 2
make[1]: *** Waiting for unfinished jobs....
installing default nkf libraries
compiling objspace_dump.c
linking shared-object json/ext/generator.so
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-2.3.3/ext/json/generator'
linking shared-object objspace.so
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-2.3.3/ext/objspace'
linking shared-object nkf.so
make[2]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-2.3.3/ext/nkf'
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/rvm/src/ruby-2.3.3'
uncommon.mk:203: recipe for target 'build-ext' failed
make: *** [build-ext] Error 2
++ return 2
There has been an error while running make. Halting the installation.
查看/usr/local/rvm/log/1488041042_ruby-2.3.3/make.log发现是openssl版本过老导致的。
- 解决：
第一步：先安装用于rvm的openssl：
rvm pkg install openssl
第二步：编译安装ruby，指定openssl目录（我的是/usr/local/rvm/usr/）
rvm install ruby-2.3.3 --with-openssl-dir=/usr/local/rvm/usr/
9.设置Gems默认源为ruby-china
现在没有淘宝源了，只有ruby-china源
gem sources --add https://gems.ruby-china.org/ --remove https://rubygems.org/
设置Bundler默认源为ruby-china：
bundle config mirror.https://rubygems.org https://gems.ruby-china.org
这样修改以后，即使Gemfile中指定了Source，也会用国内的源。