monit介绍和配置

1.介绍

monit监控和管理进程、程序、文件、目录和Unix系统的文件的工具。可以进行自动维护和修理，在错误的情况下执行有意义的因果关系的行动。比如，某个进程没有运行启动它；没有响应重启它；占用太多资源停止该进程等等。也可以用来监控文件、目录或系统文件的变化，如时间戳的改变，检验和的改变或大小的改变

2.安装：(需先装epel源)

yum install monit -y

3.配置

3.1 monit 的配置文件monit.conf

set daemon  30   监控检查的时间间隔

set logfile syslog   默认日志为syslog，还可以设置为自定义路径下的文件

set pidfile /var/run/monit.pid  设置pid文件的位置

set idfile /var/.monit.id  设置监控项目唯一ID的文件位置  默认在$HOME/.monit.id

set statefile /var/.monit.state    默认存储每个周期内monitorinig 状态的文件

set mailserver   mail.bar.baz    主的邮件服务器

backup.bar.baz port 10025    备的邮件服务器

mailserver 支持格式为：

SET MAILSERVER <hostname|ip-address [PORT number] [USERNAME string] [PASSWORD string] [using SSLAUTO|SSLV2|SSLV3|TLSV1|TLSV11|TLSV12] [CERTMD5 checksum]>, ...

                [with TIMEOUT X SECONDS]

                [using HOSTNAME hostname]

    set eventqueue         #默认当邮件服务器不可用时使用eventqueue存储报警事件

         basedir /var/monit  

         slots 100            #限制队列大小

set mail-format {     设置邮件告警的格式

from: monit@$HOST

subject: monit alert --  $EVENT $SERVICE

message: $EVENT Service $SERVICE

Date:        $DATE

Action:      $ACTION

Host:        $HOST

Description: $DESCRIPTION

Your faithful employee,

Monit

}

set alert [e-mail]   设置接收告警的邮箱

以上是全局的配置，具体的services监控语法后面会介绍

3.2  进程监控

在 /etc/monit.d/下创建 nginx ，，并重启monit。内容如下

check process nginx with pidfile /usr/local/xywy/nginx/run/nginx.pid
start program = "/usr/local/xywy/nginx/sbin/nginx" with timeout 30 seconds
stop program = "/usr/local/xywy/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop"

3.3 监控文件

在/etc/monit.d/下创建monit_test ,并重启monit，内容如下

check file monit.conf path /etc/monit.conf
group system
if changed sha1 checksum
then exec "/usr/local/bin/monit -c /etc/monit.conf reload"

 

3.4  监控文件设备

 

check device VAR_LOG with path /var/log
if space usage > 85% then alert

check filesystem tmpfs with path /var
if space usage > 80% then alert

下面是配置综合案例

check process sshd with pidfile /var/run/sshd.pid
   start program  "/etc/init.d/sshd start"
   stop program  "/etc/init.d/sshd stop"
   if failed port 22 protocol ssh then restart
   if 5 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout

check process mysql with pidfile /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
   group database
   start program = "/etc/init.d/mysqld start"
   stop program = "/etc/init.d/mysqld stop"
   if failed host 127.0.0.1 port 3306 then restart
   if 5 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout

 check process nginx with pidfile /var/run/nginx.pid
    start program = "/etc/init.d/nginx start"
    stop program  = "/etc/init.d/nginx stop"
    if failed host www.vpsee.com port 80 protocol http
       then restart

 check process php_cgi with pidfile /var/run/php_cgi.pid
    start program = "/etc/init.d/php_cgi start"
    stop program  = "/etc/init.d/php_cgi stop"
    if failed host 127.0.0.1 port 9000 then restart
    if 5 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout

check process apache with pidfile /var/run/httpd.pid
   group www
   start program = "/etc/init.d/httpd start"
   stop program  = "/etc/init.d/httpd stop"
   if failed host www.vpsee.com port 8080 protocol http
      then restart
   if cpu is greater than 80% for 2 cycles then alert
   if cpu > 80% for 5 cycles then restart
   if totalmem > 512 MB for 5 cycles then restart
   if children > 200 then restart
   if loadavg(5min) greater than 10 for 8 cycles then stop
   if 3 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout

 

3.5 monit命令使用

-c  指定配置文件

-d  后台运行

-l    指定logfile

-p  指定pid file

-s  指定statefile

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