本文实例讲述了Python实现简单文本字符串处理的方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
对于一个文本字符串,可以使用Python的string.split()
方法将其切割。下面看看实际运行效果。
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mySent = 'This book is the best book on python!'
print mySent.split()
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输出:
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[ 'This' , 'book' , 'is' , 'the' , 'best' , 'book' , 'on' , 'python!' ]
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可以看到,切分的效果不错,但是标点符号也被当成了词,可以使用正则表达式来处理,其中分隔符是除单词、数字外的任意字符串。
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import re
reg = re. compile ( '\\W*' )
mySent = 'This book is the best book on python!'
listof = reg.split(mySent)
print listof
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输出为:
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[ 'This' , 'book' , 'is' , 'the' , 'best' , 'book' , 'on' , 'python' , '']
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现在得到了一系列词组成的词表,但是里面的空字符串需要去掉。
可以计算每个字符串的长度,只返回大于0的字符串。
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import re
reg = re. compile ( '\\W*' )
mySent = 'This book is the best book on python!'
listof = reg.split(mySent)
new_list = [tok for tok in listof if len (tok)> 0 ]
print new_list
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输出为:
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[ 'This' , 'book' , 'is' , 'the' , 'best' , 'book' , 'on' , 'python' ]
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最后,发现句子中的第一个字母是大写的。我们需要同一形式,把大写转化为小写。Python内嵌的方法,可以将字符串全部转化为小写(.lower()
)或大写(.upper()
)
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import re
reg = re. compile ( '\\W*' )
mySent = 'This book is the best book on python!'
listof = reg.split(mySent)
new_list = [tok.lower() for tok in listof if len (tok)> 0 ]
print new_list
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输出为:
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[ 'this' , 'book' , 'is' , 'the' , 'best' , 'book' , 'on' , 'python' ]
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下面来看一封完整的电子邮件:
内容
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Hi Peter,
With Jose out of town, do you want to
meet once in a while to keep things
going and do some interesting stuff?
Let me know
Eugene
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import re
reg = re. compile ( '\\W*' )
email = open ( 'email.txt' ).read()
list = reg.split(email)
new_txt = [tok.lower() for tok in list if len (tok)> 0 ]
print new_txt
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输出:
复制代码 代码如下:
['hi', 'peter', 'with', 'jose', 'out', 'of', 'town', 'do', 'you', 'want', 'to', 'meet', 'once', 'in', 'a', 'while', 'to', 'keep', 'things', 'going', 'and', 'do', 'some', 'interesting', 'stuff', 'let', 'me', 'know', 'eugene']
希望本文所述对大家Python程序设计有所帮助。
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/lovephysics/p/7238479.html