都要输入密码，就比较烦了，尤其是在script里。不过，ssh有另一种用密钥对来验证的方
式。下面写出我生成密匙对的过程，供大家参考。
第一步：生成密匙对，我用的是rsa的密钥。使用命令 "ssh-keygen -t rsa"
[user1@rh user1]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/user1/.ssh/id_rsa): #回车即可
Created directory '/home/user1/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): #回车即可
Enter same passphrase again: #回车即可
Your identification has been saved in /home/user1/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/user1/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
e0:f0:3b:d3:0a:3d:da:42:01:6a:61:2f:6c:a0:c6:e7 user1@rh.test.com
[user1@rh user1]$
生成的过程中提示输入密钥对保存位置，直接回车，接受默认值就行了。接着会提示输入一
个不同于你的password的密码，直接回车，让它空着。当然，也可以输入一个。(我比较懒
，不想每次都要输入密码。) 这样，密钥对就生成完了。
其中公共密钥保存在 ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
私有密钥保存在 ~/.ssh/id_rsa
之后把这个密钥对中的公共密钥复制到你要访问的机器上去，并保存为
~/.ssh/authorized_keys.
[user1@rh user1]$ scp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub rh1:/home/user1/.ssh/authorized_keys
user1@rh1's password:
id_rsa.pub 100% 228 3.2MB/s 00:00
[user1@rh user1]$
之这样就大功告成了。之后你再用ssh scp sftp 之类的访问那台机器时，就不用输入密码
了，用在script上更是方便。
---第二种方式
[root@PC dandan]# ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): #这里直接回车即可
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): #这里直接回车即可
Enter same passphrase again: #这里直接回车即可
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
e4:9f:74:a1:c8:d6:6b:8d:de:fd:c7:ea:ef:73:dd:89 root@PC
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
| |
| |
| . . |
| + o . . |
| S + . |
| . o * |
| * . ..+|
| o . E o*|
| . ..+=B|
+-----------------+
[root@PC dandan]# ssh-copy-id 10.192.200.202 #这里输入你想不输入密码就能访问的IP
Address 10.192.200.202 maps to bogon, but this does not map back to the address - POSSIBLE BREAK-IN ATTEMPT!
root@10.192.200.202's password: #输入密码
Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh '10.192.200.202'", and check in:
.ssh/authorized_keys
to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting.
下次就可以不用输入密码，直接访问了：
[root@PC dandan]# ssh 10.192.200.202
Address 10.192.200.202 maps to bogon, but this does not map back to the address - POSSIBLE BREAK-IN ATTEMPT!
Last login: Fri May 6 17:34:26 2016 from 10.192.200.42