C#操作XML通用方法汇总

时间:2022-05-25 04:17:40

 在.net的项目开发中,经常会对XML文件进行操作,由于XML文件可以实现跨平台传输,较多的应用在数据传输中,特总结以下几种常用的XML操作方法:

1.创建XML文档:

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/// <summary>
/// 创建XML文档
/// </summary>
/// <param name="name">根节点名称</param>
/// <param name="type">根节点的一个属性值</param>
/// <returns>XmlDocument对象</returns> 
public static XmlDocument CreateXmlDocument(string name, string type)
{
 XmlDocument doc;
 try
 {
  doc = new XmlDocument();
  doc.LoadXml("<" + name + "/>");
  var rootEle = doc.DocumentElement;
  rootEle?.SetAttribute("type", type);
 }
 catch (Exception er)
 {
  throw new Exception(er.ToString());
 }
 return doc;
}

2.读取XML文档中的数据:

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/// <summary>
/// 读取数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">路径</param>
/// <param name="node">节点</param>
/// <param name="attribute">属性名,非空时返回该属性值,否则返回串联值</param>
/// <returns>string</returns>
public static string Read(string path, string node, string attribute)
{
 var value = "";
 try
 {
  var doc = new XmlDocument();
  doc.Load(path);
  var xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
  if (xn != null && xn.Attributes != null)
   value = (attribute.Equals("") ? xn.InnerText : xn.Attributes[attribute].Value);
 }
 catch (Exception er)
 {
  throw new Exception(er.ToString());
 }
 return value;
}

3.对XML文档插入数据:

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/// <summary>
/// 插入数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">路径</param>
/// <param name="node">节点</param>
/// <param name="element">元素名,非空时插入新元素,否则在该元素中插入属性</param>
/// <param name="attribute">属性名,非空时插入该元素属性值,否则插入元素值</param>
/// <param name="value">值</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static void Insert(string path, string node, string element, string attribute, string value)
{
 try
 {
  var doc = new XmlDocument();
  doc.Load(path);
  var xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
  if (element.Equals(""))
  {
   if (!attribute.Equals(""))
   {
    var xe = (XmlElement)xn;
    xe?.SetAttribute(attribute, value);
    //xe?.SetAttribute(attribute, value);
   }
  }
  else
  {
   var xe = doc.CreateElement(element);
   if (attribute.Equals(""))
    xe.InnerText = value;
   else
    xe.SetAttribute(attribute, value);
   xn?.AppendChild(xe);
  }
  doc.Save(path);
 }
 catch (Exception er)
 {
  throw new Exception(er.ToString());
 }
}

4.修改XML文档中的数据:

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/// <summary>
/// 修改数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">路径</param>
/// <param name="node">节点</param>
/// <param name="attribute">属性名,非空时修改该节点属性值,否则修改节点值</param>
/// <param name="value">值</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static void Update(string path, string node, string attribute, string value)
{
 try
 {
  var doc = new XmlDocument();
  doc.Load(path);
  var xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
  var xe = (XmlElement)xn;
  if (attribute.Equals(""))
  {
   if (xe != null) xe.InnerText = value;
  }
  else
  {
   xe?.SetAttribute(attribute, value);
  }
  doc.Save(path);
 }
 catch (Exception er)
 {
  throw new Exception(er.ToString());
 }
}

5.删除XML文档中数据:

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/// <summary>
/// 删除数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">路径</param>
/// <param name="node">节点</param>
/// <param name="attribute">属性名,非空时删除该节点属性值,否则删除节点值</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static void Delete(string path, string node, string attribute)
{
 try
 {
  var doc = new XmlDocument();
  doc.Load(path);
  var xn = doc.SelectSingleNode(node);
  var xe = (XmlElement)xn;
  if (attribute.Equals(""))
  {
   xn?.ParentNode?.RemoveChild(xn);
  }
  else
  {
   xe?.RemoveAttribute(attribute);
  }
  doc.Save(path);
 }
 catch (Exception er)
 {
  throw new Exception(er.ToString());
 }
}

6.读取XML文档中指定节点数据:

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/// <summary>
/// 获得xml文件中指定节点的节点数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
/// <param name="nodeName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string GetNodeInfoByNodeName(string path, string nodeName)
{
 var xmlString = string.Empty;
 try
 {
  var xml = new XmlDocument();
  xml.Load(path);
  var root = xml.DocumentElement;
  if (root == null) return xmlString;
  var node = root.SelectSingleNode("//" + nodeName);
  if (node != null)
  {
   xmlString = node.InnerText;
  }
 }
 catch (Exception er)
 {
  throw new Exception(er.ToString());
 }
 return xmlString;
}

7.获取XML指定节点的属性:

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/// <summary>
/// 功能:读取指定节点的指定属性值 
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
/// <param name="strNode">节点名称</param>
/// <param name="strAttribute">此节点的属性</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetXmlNodeAttributeValue(string path, string strNode, string strAttribute)
{
 var strReturn = "";
 try
 {
  var xml = new XmlDocument();
  xml.Load(path);
  //根据指定路径获取节点
  var xmlNode = xml.SelectSingleNode(strNode);
  if (xmlNode != null)
  {
   //获取节点的属性,并循环取出需要的属性值
   var xmlAttr = xmlNode.Attributes;
   if (xmlAttr == null) return strReturn;
   for (var i = 0; i < xmlAttr.Count; i++)
   {
    if (xmlAttr.Item(i).Name != strAttribute) continue;
    strReturn = xmlAttr.Item(i).Value;
    break;
   }
  }
 }
 catch (XmlException xmle)
 {
  throw new Exception(xmle.Message);
 }
 return strReturn;
}

8.设置XML文档中指定节点的属性:

 

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/// <summary>
 /// 功能:设置节点的属性值 
 /// </summary>
 /// <param name="path"></param>
 /// <param name="xmlNodePath">节点名称</param>
 /// <param name="xmlNodeAttribute">属性名称</param>
 /// <param name="xmlNodeAttributeValue">属性值</param>
 public void SetXmlNodeAttributeValue(string path, string xmlNodePath, string xmlNodeAttribute, string xmlNodeAttributeValue)
 {
  try
  {
   var xml = new XmlDocument();
   xml.Load(path);
   //可以批量为符合条件的节点的属性付值
   var xmlNode = xml.SelectNodes(xmlNodePath);
   if (xmlNode == null) return;
   foreach (var xmlAttr in from XmlNode xn in xmlNode select xn.Attributes)
   {
    if (xmlAttr == null) return;
    for (var i = 0; i < xmlAttr.Count; i++)
    {
     if (xmlAttr.Item(i).Name != xmlNodeAttribute) continue;
     xmlAttr.Item(i).Value = xmlNodeAttributeValue;
     break;
    }
   }
 
  }
  catch (XmlException xmle)
  {
   throw new Exception(xmle.Message);
  }
 }

9.读取XML文档指定节点的值:

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/// <summary>
/// 读取XML资源中的指定节点内容
/// </summary>
/// <param name="source">XML资源</param>
/// <param name="xmlType">XML资源类型:文件,字符串</param>
/// <param name="nodeName">节点名称</param>
/// <returns>节点内容</returns>
public static object GetNodeValue(string source, XmlType xmlType, string nodeName)
{
 var xd = new XmlDocument();
 if (xmlType == XmlType.File)
 {
  xd.Load(source);
 }
 else
 {
  xd.LoadXml(source);
 }
 var xe = xd.DocumentElement;
 XmlNode xn = null;
 if (xe != null)
 {
   xn= xe.SelectSingleNode("//" + nodeName);
  
 }
 return xn.InnerText;
}

10.更新XML文档指定节点的内容:

 

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  /// <summary>
  /// 更新XML文件中的指定节点内容
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="filePath">文件路径</param>
  /// <param name="nodeName">节点名称</param>
  /// <param name="nodeValue">更新内容</param>
  /// <returns>更新是否成功</returns>
  public static bool UpdateNode(string filePath, string nodeName, string nodeValue)
  {  
   try
   {
    bool flag;
    var xd = new XmlDocument();
    xd.Load(filePath);
    var xe = xd.DocumentElement;
    if (xe == null) return false;
    var xn = xe.SelectSingleNode("//" + nodeName);
    if (xn != null)
    {
     xn.InnerText = nodeValue;
     flag = true;
    }
    else
    {
     flag = false;
    }
    return flag;
   }
   catch (Exception ex)
   {
    throw new Exception(ex.Message);
   }
   
  }
复制代码
11.将对象转化为XML文件,并存入指定目录:
 
复制代码
  /// <summary>
  /// 将对象转化为xml,并写入指定路径的xml文件中
  /// </summary>
  /// <typeparam name="T">C#对象名</typeparam>
  /// <param name="item">对象实例</param>
  /// <param name="path">路径</param>
  /// <param name="jjdbh">标号</param>
  /// <param name="ends">结束符号(整个xml的路径类似如下:C:\xmltest\201111send.xml,其中path=C:\xmltest,jjdbh=201111,ends=send)</param>
  /// <returns></returns>
  public static string WriteXml<T>(T item, string path, string jjdbh, string ends)
  {
   if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ends))
   {
    //默认为发送
    ends = "send";
   }
   //控制写入文件的次数
   var i = 0;
   //获取当前对象的类型,也可以使用反射typeof(对象名)
   var serializer = new XmlSerializer(item.GetType());
   //xml的路径组合
   object[] obj = { path, "\\", jjdbh, ends, ".xml" };
   var xmlPath = string.Concat(obj);
   while (true)
   {
    try
    {
     //用filestream方式创建文件不会出现“文件正在占用中,用File.create”则不行
     var fs = System.IO.File.Create(xmlPath);
     fs.Close();
     TextWriter writer = new StreamWriter(xmlPath, false, Encoding.UTF8);
     var xml = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
     xml.Add(string.Empty, string.Empty);
     serializer.Serialize(writer, item, xml);
     writer.Flush();
     writer.Close();
     break;
    }
    catch (Exception)
    {
     if (i < 5)
     {
      i++;
      continue;
     }
     break;
    }
   }
   return SerializeToXmlStr<T>(item, true);
  }

12.向一个已经存在的父节点中插入一个子节点:

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/// <summary>
/// 向一个已经存在的父节点中插入一个子节点
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
/// <param name="parentNodePath">父节点</param>
/// <param name="childnodename">子节点名称</param>
public void AddChildNode(string path, string parentNodePath, string childnodename)
{
 try
 {
  var xml = new XmlDocument();
  xml.Load(path);
  var parentXmlNode = xml.SelectSingleNode(parentNodePath);
  XmlNode childXmlNode = xml.CreateElement(childnodename);
  if ((parentXmlNode) != null)
  {
   //如果此节点存在
   parentXmlNode.AppendChild(childXmlNode);
  }
  else
  {
   //如果不存在就放父节点添加
   GetXmlRoot(path).AppendChild(childXmlNode);
  }
 
 }
 catch (XmlException xmle)
 {
  throw new Exception(xmle.Message);
 }
}

以上的方法总结采用.net4.5版本和c#6.0语法,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。