原文地址:http://xinzhiwen198941-163-com.iteye.com/blog/1008150
在linux下遍历某一目录下内容LINUX下历遍目录的方法一般是这样的
打开目录->读取->关闭目录相关函数是opendir -> readdir -> closedir,其原型如下:
#include <dirent.h>
DIR *opendir(const char *dirname);
struct dirent *readdir(DIR *dirp);
int closedir(DIR *dirp);
简单列举一例:
#include<dirent.h>
struct dirent* ent = NULL;
DIR *pDir;
if( (pDir=opendir("/home/test")) == NULL)
{
printf("open dir %s failed\n", pszBaseDir);
return false;
}
while( (ent=readdir(pDir)) != NULL )
{
printf("the ent->d_reclen is%d the ent->d_type is%d the ent->d_name is%s\n", ent->d_reclen, ent->d_type, ent->d_name);
}
closedir(pDir);
其中有一很关键的结构体dirent:
代码
On Linux, the dirent structure is defined as follows: struct dirent { ino_t d_ino; /* inode number */ off_t d_off; /* offset to the next dirent */ unsigned short d_reclen; /* length of this record */ unsigned char d_type; /* type of file */ char d_name[256]; /* filename */};其中inode表示存放的是该文件的结点数目(具体可了解linux下的文件系统),d_off 是文件在目录中的编移,这两个基本很少用。
d_type表示档案类型:
view sourceprint?01 enum
02 {
03 DT_UNKNOWN = 0,
04 # define DT_UNKNOWN DT_UNKNOWN
05 DT_FIFO = 1,
06 # define DT_FIFO DT_FIFO
07 DT_CHR = 2,
08 # define DT_CHR DT_CHR
09 DT_DIR = 4,
10 # define DT_DIR DT_DIR
11 DT_BLK = 6,
12 # define DT_BLK DT_BLK
13 DT_REG = 8,
14 # define DT_REG DT_REG
15 DT_LNK = 10,
16 # define DT_LNK DT_LNK
17 DT_SOCK = 12,
18 # define DT_SOCK DT_SOCK
19 DT_WHT = 14
20 # define DT_WHT DT_WHT
21 };
d_reclen认为是纪录的长度,计算方式应该是4(d_ino)+4(d_off)+2(d_reclen)+1(d_type)+1(补齐位)+4N(d_name会自动补齐:1.jpg为8,12.jpg也为8,1234.jpg也为8,12345.jpg则为12);所以一般d_reclen是20和24(其中.和..是16)。
d_name表示文件名,如test.jpg