一、作业（练习）内容：
1、复习本次课程所讲的内容；
2、总结整理磁盘管理及文件系统管理中设计的各种命令的使用，并附注一定的示例；
3、创建一个10G的文件系统，类型为ext4，要求开机可自动挂载至/mydata目录
答：
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): n #创建新的分区
First cylinder (13321-15665, default 13321):
Using default value 13321
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (13321-15665, default 15665): +10G #大小10G
Command (m for help): w #保存并退出
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: 设备或资源忙.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
[root@localhost ~]# partx -a /dev/sda #刷新分区表
BLKPG: Device or resource busy
error adding partition 1
BLKPG: Device or resource busy
error adding partition 2
BLKPG: Device or resource busy
error adding partition 3
BLKPG: Device or resource busy
error adding partition 4
BLKPG: Device or resource busy
error adding partition 5
BLKPG: Device or resource busy
error adding partition 6
BLKPG: Device or resource busy
error adding partition 7
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda8 #格式化为ext4
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
文件系统标签=
操作系统:Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
655776 inodes, 2622603 blocks
131130 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2688548864
81 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8096 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 28 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mydata
[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/sda8 #查看磁盘uuid
/dev/sda8: UUID="3d8c6632-8881-4c72-81d4-1e64ad4265e5" TYPE="ext4"
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab #编辑fstab文件实现开启挂载，完毕
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Tue Aug 25 21:09:00 2015
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol02 / ext4 defaults 1 1
UUID=dbde3019-886c-4eb3-8a79-b15825f7f929 /boot ext4 defaults 1 2
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol00 /usr ext4 defaults 1 2
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol01 /var ext4 defaults 1 2
UUID=4bb4b88a-0a7c-42d7-8e28-d6eb5ce64bb8 swap swap defaults 0 0
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
UUID=3d8c6632-8881-4c72-81d4-1e64ad4265e5 /mydata ext4 defaults,acl 0 0
[root@localhost ~]# mount /mydata/
[root@localhost ~]# df -h #查看当前分区使用情况
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol02
39G 545M 37G 2% /
tmpfs 495M 72K 495M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 477M 37M 415M 9% /boot
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol00
9.8G 3.3G 6.0G 36% /usr
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol01
9.8G 214M 9.1G 3% /var
/dev/sda8 9.8G 23M 9.3G 1% /mydata
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