看到这个标题,相信不少人会感到疑惑,回忆你们自己的场景会发现,在spring的项目中很少有使用多线程处理任务的,没错,大多数时候我们都是使用spring mvc开发的web项目,默认的controller,service,dao组件的作用域都是单实例,无状态,然后被并发多线程调用,那么如果我想使用多线程处理任务,该如何做呢?
比如如下场景:
使用spring-boot开发一个监控的项目,每个被监控的业务(可能是一个数据库表或者是一个pid进程)都会单独运行在一个线程中,有自己配置的参数,总结起来就是:
(1)多实例(多个业务,每个业务相互隔离互不影响)
(2)有状态(每个业务,都有自己的配置参数)
如果是非spring-boot项目,实现起来可能会相对简单点,直接new多线程启动,然后传入不同的参数类即可,在spring的项目中,由于bean对象是spring容器管理的,你直接new出来的对象是没法使用的,就算你能new成功,但是bean里面依赖的其他组件比如dao,是没法初始化的,因为你饶过了spring,默认的spring初始化一个类时,其相关依赖的组件都会被初始化,但是自己new出来的类,是不具备这种功能的,所以我们需要通过spring来获取我们自己的线程类,那么如何通过spring获取类实例呢,需要定义如下的一个类来获取springcontext上下文:
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/**
* created by administrator on 2016/8/18.
* 设置sping的上下文
*/
@component
public class applicationcontextprovider implements applicationcontextaware {
private static applicationcontext context;
private applicationcontextprovider(){}
@override
public void setapplicationcontext(applicationcontext applicationcontext) throws beansexception {
context = applicationcontext;
}
public static <t> t getbean(string name, class <t> aclass){
return context.getbean(name,aclass);
}
}
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然后定义我们的自己的线程类,注意此类是原型作用域,不能是默认的单例:
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@component ( "mtask" )
@scope ( "prototype" )
public class moniotrtask extends thread {
final static logger logger= loggerfactory.getlogger(moniotrtask. class );
//参数封装
private monitor monitor;
public void setmonitor(monitor monitor) {
this .monitor = monitor;
}
@resource (name = "greaterdaoimpl" )
private ruledao greaterdaoimpl;
@override
public void run() {
logger.info( "线程:" +thread.currentthread().getname()+ "运行中....." );
}
}
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写个测试例子,测试下使用springcontext获取bean,查看是否是多实例:
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/**
* created by administrator on 2016/8/18.
*/
@runwith (springjunit4classrunner. class )
@springboottest (classes =applicationmain. class )
public class spingcontexttest {
@test
public void show() throws exception{
moniotrtask m1= applicationcontextprovider.getbean( "mtask" , moniotrtask. class );
moniotrtask m2=applicationcontextprovider.getbean( "mtask" , moniotrtask. class );
moniotrtask m3=applicationcontextprovider.getbean( "mtask" , moniotrtask. class );
system.out.println(m1+ " => " +m1.greaterdaoimpl);
system.out.println(m2+ " => " +m2.greaterdaoimpl);
system.out.println(m3+ " => " +m3.greaterdaoimpl);
}
}
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运行结果如下:
[ info ] [2016-08-25 17:36:34] com.test.tools.spingcontexttest [57] - started spingcontexttest in 2.902 seconds (jvm running for 4.196)
2016-08-25 17:36:34.842 info 8312 --- [ main] com.test.tools.spingcontexttest : started spingcontexttest in 2.902 seconds (jvm running for 4.196)
thread[thread-2,5,main] => com.xuele.bigdata.xalert.dao.rule.impl.greaterdaoimpl@285f38f6
thread[thread-3,5,main] => com.xuele.bigdata.xalert.dao.rule.impl.greaterdaoimpl@285f38f6
thread[thread-4,5,main] => com.xuele.bigdata.xalert.dao.rule.impl.greaterdaoimpl@285f38f6
可以看到我们的监控类是多实例的,它里面的dao是单实例的,这样以来我们就可以在spring中使用多线程处理我们的任务了。
如何启动我们的多线程任务类,可以专门定义一个组件类启动也可以在启动spring的main方法中启动,下面看下,如何定义组件启动:
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@component
public class starttask {
final static logger logger= loggerfactory.getlogger(starttask. class );
//定义在构造方法完毕后,执行这个初始化方法
@postconstruct
public void init(){
final list<monitor> list = parseruleutils.parserules();
logger.info( "监控任务的总task数:{}" ,list.size());
for ( int i= 0 ;i<list.size();i++) {
moniotrtask moniotrtask= applicationcontextprovider.getbean( "mtask" , moniotrtask. class );
moniotrtask.setmonitor(list.get(i));
moniotrtask.start();
logger.info( "第{}个监控task: {}启动 !" ,(i+ 1 ),list.get(i).getname());
}
}
}
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最后备忘下logback.xml,里面可以配置相对和绝对的日志文件路径:
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<!-- logback configuration. see http: //logback.qos.ch/manual/index.html -->
<configuration scan= "true" scanperiod= "10 seconds" >
<!-- simple file output -->
<appender name= "file" class = "ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.rollingfileappender" >
<!--<appender name= "stdout" class = "ch.qos.logback.core.consoleappender" >-->
<!-- encoder defaults to ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.patternlayoutencoder -->
<encoder>
<pattern>
[ %-5level] [%date{yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss}] %logger{ 96 } [%line] - %msg%n
</pattern>
<charset>utf- 8 </charset> <!-- 此处设置字符集 -->
</encoder>
<rollingpolicy class = "ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.timebasedrollingpolicy" >
<!-- rollover daily 配置日志所生成的目录以及生成文件名的规则,默认是相对路径 -->
<filenamepattern>logs/xalert-%d{yyyy-mm-dd}.%i.log</filenamepattern>
<!--<property name= "logdir" value= "e:/testlog" />-->
<!--绝对路径定义-->
<!--<filenamepattern>${logdir}/logs/xalert-%d{yyyy-mm-dd}.%i.log</filenamepattern>-->
<timebasedfilenamingandtriggeringpolicy
class = "ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.sizeandtimebasedfnatp" >
<!-- or whenever the file size reaches 64 mb -->
<maxfilesize> 64 mb</maxfilesize>
</timebasedfilenamingandtriggeringpolicy>
</rollingpolicy>
<filter class = "ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.thresholdfilter" >
<level>debug</level>
</filter>
<!-- safely log to the same file from multiple jvms. degrades performance! -->
<prudent> true </prudent>
</appender>
<!-- console output -->
<appender name= "stdout" class = "ch.qos.logback.core.consoleappender" >
<!-- encoder defaults to ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.patternlayoutencoder -->
<encoder>
<pattern>
[ %-5level] [%date{yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss}] %logger{ 96 } [%line] - %msg%n
</pattern>
<charset>utf- 8 </charset> <!-- 此处设置字符集 -->
</encoder>
<!-- only log level warn and above -->
<filter class = "ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.thresholdfilter" >
<level>info</level>
</filter>
</appender>
<!-- enable file and stdout appenders for all log messages.
by default , only log at level info and above. -->
<root level= "info" >
<appender-ref ref= "stdout" />
<appender-ref ref= "file" />
</root>
<!-- for loggers in the these namespaces, log at all levels. -->
<logger name= "pedestal" level= "all" />
<logger name= "hammock-cafe" level= "all" />
<logger name= "user" level= "all" />
<include resource= "org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/base.xml" />
<jmxconfigurator/>
</configuration>
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以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/qindongliang/p/5808145.html