基于 python django
前期准备
安装库:
如果pip 安装超时,可配置pip国内源下载,如下:
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pip install -i http: //mirrors .aliyun.com /pypi/simple/ --trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com <安装的库>
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pip install -i http: //mirrors .aliyun.com /pypi/simple/ --trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com django
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如果安装 django-haystack 失败,先安装 setuptools_scm .在安装 django-haystack.
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pip install setuptools_scm
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项目
创建项目demo:
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# django-admin startproject <项目名>
django - admin startproject find
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切入demo 终端操作,创建app:
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# python manage.py startapp <APP名>
python manage.py startapp searchshop
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在 settings.py 文件 中的 INSTALLED_APPS 配置 注入 刚才创建APP( 路径: find/find/settings.py):
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INSTALLED_APPS = [
...
'searchshop' ,
...
]
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在创建的APP中添加模型
models.py 文件添加如下(路径: find/searchshop/models.py):
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class Shopp(models.Model):
shop_name = models.TextField(max_length = 200 )
shop_price = models.IntegerField(default = 0 )
shop_dsc = models.CharField(max_length = 200 )
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在app 中admin.py文件注册模型:
admin.py 文件添加如下(路径: find/searchshop/admin.py):
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from .models import Shopp
admin.site.register(Shopp)
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执行命令,让模型生效(修改模型时,都要执行一次,这样模型才同步!!!):
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python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
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创建后台管理帐号
访问后台可操作模型数据:
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python manage.py createsuperuser
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运行:
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python manage.py runserver
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访问: http:127.0.0.1:8080/admin 登录刚才设置帐号,密码即可进入:
搭建站内搜索
配置 haystack
在 settings.py 文件 中的 INSTALLED_APPS 配置最底部 注入 haystack( 路径: find/find/settings.py):
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INSTALLED_APPS = [
...
'haystack'
]
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在app内,添加 search_indexes.py (目录:find/searchshop/search_indexes.py):
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from haystack import indexes
from .models import Shopp # 之前创建的模型
# 修改此处,类名为模型类的名称+Index,比如模型类为GoodsInfo,则这里类名为GoodsInfoIndex(其实可以随便写)
class ArticlePostIndex(indexes.SearchIndex, indexes.Indexable):
# text为索引字段
# document = True,这代表haystack和搜索引擎将使用此字段的内容作为索引进行检索
# use_template=True 指定根据表中的那些字段建立索引文件的说明放在一个文件中
text = indexes.CharField(document = True , use_template = True )
# 对那张表进行查询
def get_model( self ): # 重载get_model方法,必须要有!
# 返回这个model
return Shopp
# 建立索引的数据
def index_queryset( self , using = None ):
# 这个方法返回什么内容,最终就会对那些方法建立索引,这里是对所有字段建立索引
return self .get_model().objects. all ()
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生成检索索引
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python manage.py rebuild_index
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项目目录多出whoosh_index文件夹.
修改分词器
从 pyrhon 安装路径 ( \Lib\site-packages\haystack\backends\whoosh_backend.py) 复制一份到app中改名为 whoosh_cn_backend (find/searchshop/whoosh_cn_backend.py)
在顶部引用:
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from jieba.analyse import ChineseAnalyzer
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找到 (查找 StemmingAnalyzer ) 位置:
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schema_fields[field_class.index_fieldname] = TEXT(
stored = True ,
analyzer = StemmingAnalyzer(),
field_boost = field_class.boost,
sortable = True ,
)
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替换:
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schema_fields[field_class.index_fieldname] = TEXT(stored = True , analyzer = ChineseAnalyzer(),
field_boost = field_class.boost)
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在 INSTALLED_APPS(路径: find/find/settings.py) 配置后面 后面添加:
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HAYSTACK_CONNECTIONS = {
'default' : {
# 指定whoosh引擎 (之前创建的whoosh_cn_backend)
'ENGINE' : 'searchshop.whoosh_cn_backend.WhooshEngine' ,
# 'ENGINE': 'jsapp.whoosh_cn_backend.WhooshEngine', # whoosh_cn_backend是haystack的whoosh_backend.py改名的文件为了使用jieba分词
# 索引文件路径
'PATH' : os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'whoosh_index' ),
}
}
# 添加此项,当数据库改变时,会自动更新索引,非常方便
HAYSTACK_SIGNAL_PROCESSOR = 'haystack.signals.RealtimeSignalProcessor'
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添加 templates
在APP中创建 templates文件夹.
添加内容检索内容
在templates文件夹下创建文件夹 search -> indexes -> searchshop( search + APP名);
路径( 目录: find/searchshop\templates\search\indexes\searchshop) 添加Shopp_text.txt(APP名_text.txt): (需要检索的字段名)
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{{ object .shop_name}}
{{ object .shop_dsc}}
{{ object .shop_price}}
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添加页面模板
在templates文件夹下创建文件夹(searchshop) 下创建index.html:
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{% load highlight %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
< html lang = "en" >
< head >
< meta charset = "UTF-8" >
< title >商品列表</ title >
< style >
span.highlighted {
color: red;
}
</ style >
</ head >
< body >
< div class = "search" >
< form method = "get" action = "{% url 'shop:search' %}" >
< input type = "text" name = "q" placeholder = "a搜索商品" >
< input type = "submit" value = "搜索" >
</ form >
</ div >
{% if shop_list and query %}
< ul >
{% for question in shop_list %}
< li >
{% highlight question.object.shop_name with query %}
价格: {% highlight question.object.shop_price with query %}
< span class = "post-author" > < a > {% highlight question.object.shop_dsc with query %} </ a ></ span >
</ li >
{% endfor %}
</ ul >
{% else %}
< p >No polls are available.</ p >
{% endif %}
</ body >
</ html >
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load highlight : 加载高亮.
query : 检索词
shop_list : 检索结果
视图层
目录: find/searchshop/views.py
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from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse
#Create your views here.
from .models import Shopp
from haystack.forms import ModelSearchForm
from haystack.query import EmptySearchQuerySet
def index(request):
shop_list = Shopp.objects. all ()
context = {
'query' : '',
'shop_list' : shop_list
}
return render(request, 'searchshop/index.html' , context)
def search(request, load_all = True , form_class = ModelSearchForm, searchqueryset = None ):
if request.GET.get( 'q' ):
form = form_class(request.GET, searchqueryset = searchqueryset, load_all = load_all)
if form.is_valid():
query = form.cleaned_data[ 'q' ]
results = form.search()
context = {
'query' : query,
'shop_list' : results
}
return render(request, 'searchshop/index.html' , context)
# results = form.search()
return HttpResponse(request.GET.get( 'q' ))
return HttpResponse( '查询' )
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配置路由
在 find/searchshop 创建 urls.py
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from . import views
app_name = 'shop' # 重点是这一行
urlpatterns = [
path(' ', views.index, name=' index'),
path( 'search' , views.search, name = 'search' ),
# path(r'search/$', views.search, name='search')
]
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修改 urls.py(目录: find/find/urls.py)
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from django.urls import path, include
urlpatterns = [
path( 'shop' , include( 'searchshop.urls' )),
path( 'admin/' , admin.site.urls),
]
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运行:
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python manage.py runserver
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测试
http://127.0.0.1:8000/shop
分词器
所以'红米'查询不到…
到此这篇关于基于python + django + whoosh + jieba 分词器实现站内检索的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关python django 分词器实现站内检索内容请搜索服务器之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持服务器之家!
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42429220/article/details/119896672